AIM： To evaluate the clinical and biochemical profile of patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） and to assess their histological severity at presentation.METHODS： Consecutive patients presenting t...AIM： To evaluate the clinical and biochemical profile of patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） and to assess their histological severity at presentation.METHODS： Consecutive patients presenting to the liver clinic of All India Institute of Medical Sciences （AIIMS） with raised transaminases to at least 1.5 times upper limit of normal, and histologically confirmed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were included. Patients who had significant alcohol intake or positive markers of other liver diseases or who were taking drugs known to produce fatty liver were excluded. The clinical, biochemical and histological profile of this group was studied. RESULTS： Fifty-one patients with NAFLD formed the study population. Their median age and BMI were 34（17-58） years and 26.7（21.3-32.5） kg/m^2 respectively and 46 （90.1%） were males. The majority of the patients had mild inflammation, either grade 1 [32 （63%）] or grade 2 [16 （31%）] and only 3 （6%） patients had severe （grade 3） inflammation. Twenty-three （45%）, 19 （37%）, 8（16%） and 1（2%） patient had stage 0, 1, 2 and 3 fibrosis respectively on index biopsy and none had cirrhosis. On univariate analysis, triglyceride levels more than 150 mg % （OR = 7.1; 95% CI： 1.6-31.5, P = 0.002） and AST ALT ratio 〉 1 （OR = 14.3; 95% CI： 1.4-678.5, P = 0.008） were associated with high grades of inflammation and none was associated with advanced fibrosis. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, hypertriglyceridemia 〉150 mg% was the only factor independently associated with presence of high grade of inflammation （OR = 1.6; 95% CI： 1.3-22.7, P =0.02）, while none was associated with advanced fibrosis. Triglyceride levels correlated positively with inflammatory grade （r = 0.412; P = 0.003）. CONCLUSION： NAFLD in North Indian patients is a disease of young over-weight males, most of whom are insulin resistant and they tend to have a mild histological disease at presentation.展开更多
The GC-MS spectrums of a sample from Amanitaceae family and Mycenaceae family were matched with their close match GC-MS spectrums from the spectrum library. The samples from Amanitaceae family （KMsp027） and Mycenace...The GC-MS spectrums of a sample from Amanitaceae family and Mycenaceae family were matched with their close match GC-MS spectrums from the spectrum library. The samples from Amanitaceae family （KMsp027） and Mycenaceae family （KMsp039） were found to contain fatty acid methyl esters （methyl palmitate and methyl linoleate）. It is proposed that the presence of methyl linoleate and methyl palmitate in the samples may show antibacterial activities if tested against different bacterial strains.展开更多
Iminodiacetic acid functionalized polyglycidyl methacrylate grafted-carbon fibers(PGMA-IDA/CFs) were prepared for Ni(II) removal from aqueous solutions. The effects of solution p H value, temperature and adsorption ti...Iminodiacetic acid functionalized polyglycidyl methacrylate grafted-carbon fibers(PGMA-IDA/CFs) were prepared for Ni(II) removal from aqueous solutions. The effects of solution p H value, temperature and adsorption time were investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity of Ni(II) on PGMA-IDA/CFs is 0.923 mmol·L-1· g-1at pH 5.2 and 50 °C. Kinetic data indicate that the adsorption process matches the pseudo-second-order model and Elovich kinetic model. Thermodynamic data suggest that the adsorption process is endothermic spontaneous reaction.展开更多
We compared four esterifiable enzymes. The lipase Novozym 435 possessed the highest activity for the conjugated linoleic acid esterification during the synthesis of triglycerides. The triglycerides were synthesized by...We compared four esterifiable enzymes. The lipase Novozym 435 possessed the highest activity for the conjugated linoleic acid esterification during the synthesis of triglycerides. The triglycerides were synthesized by esterification of glycerol and conjugated linoleic acid （CLA） in a no-solvent system using lipase catalysis. We investigated the effects of temperature, enzyme concentration, water content, and time on esterification. Enzyme and water concentrations of up to 1% of the total reaction volume and a system temperature of 60℃ proved optimal for esterification. Similarly, when the esterification was carried out for 24 h, the reaction ratio improved to 94.11%. The esterification rate of the rotating screen basket remained high （87.28%） when the enzyme was re-used for the 5th time. We evaluated the substrate selectivity of lipase （NOVO 435） and determined that this lipase prefers the 10,12-octadacadienoic acid to the 9,11-octadecadienoic acid.展开更多
Amino acid ionic liquid （AAIL） based on alanine, 1-n-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium alanine （[C7mim][Ala]）, has been prepared and characterized. Since the IL can form strong hydrogen bonds with water, trace amount of ...Amino acid ionic liquid （AAIL） based on alanine, 1-n-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium alanine （[C7mim][Ala]）, has been prepared and characterized. Since the IL can form strong hydrogen bonds with water, trace amount of water is a problematic impurity in the IL. Using the standard addition method （SAM）, the densities were measured in the temperature range from 293.15 to 343.15±0.05 K. On the basis of the experimental data of density, the surface tension y, molar volume, and the molecular vol- ume Vm, molar enthalpy of vaporization AIgHm0, and the thermal expansion coefficients or, for [C7mim][Ala] were estimated using semi-empirical methods. Also the interstice model has been verified with good accordance. Then the [C7mim][Ala] was taken as catalyst in the transesterification reaction with fatty acid, where soybean oil was used as raw material and methanol as reactant. The amount of catalyst, alcohol consumption, reaction time, temperature and other factors of the reaction were inves- tigated. Using GC determination, the conversions were calculated by the internal standard method. The main ingredients of the products were identified by GC-MS as palm methyl ester and linoleic acid methyl ester only, which showed high selectivity in palmitic acid and linoleic acid.展开更多
文摘AIM： To evaluate the clinical and biochemical profile of patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） and to assess their histological severity at presentation.METHODS： Consecutive patients presenting to the liver clinic of All India Institute of Medical Sciences （AIIMS） with raised transaminases to at least 1.5 times upper limit of normal, and histologically confirmed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were included. Patients who had significant alcohol intake or positive markers of other liver diseases or who were taking drugs known to produce fatty liver were excluded. The clinical, biochemical and histological profile of this group was studied. RESULTS： Fifty-one patients with NAFLD formed the study population. Their median age and BMI were 34（17-58） years and 26.7（21.3-32.5） kg/m^2 respectively and 46 （90.1%） were males. The majority of the patients had mild inflammation, either grade 1 [32 （63%）] or grade 2 [16 （31%）] and only 3 （6%） patients had severe （grade 3） inflammation. Twenty-three （45%）, 19 （37%）, 8（16%） and 1（2%） patient had stage 0, 1, 2 and 3 fibrosis respectively on index biopsy and none had cirrhosis. On univariate analysis, triglyceride levels more than 150 mg % （OR = 7.1; 95% CI： 1.6-31.5, P = 0.002） and AST ALT ratio 〉 1 （OR = 14.3; 95% CI： 1.4-678.5, P = 0.008） were associated with high grades of inflammation and none was associated with advanced fibrosis. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, hypertriglyceridemia 〉150 mg% was the only factor independently associated with presence of high grade of inflammation （OR = 1.6; 95% CI： 1.3-22.7, P =0.02）, while none was associated with advanced fibrosis. Triglyceride levels correlated positively with inflammatory grade （r = 0.412; P = 0.003）. CONCLUSION： NAFLD in North Indian patients is a disease of young over-weight males, most of whom are insulin resistant and they tend to have a mild histological disease at presentation.
文摘The GC-MS spectrums of a sample from Amanitaceae family and Mycenaceae family were matched with their close match GC-MS spectrums from the spectrum library. The samples from Amanitaceae family （KMsp027） and Mycenaceae family （KMsp039） were found to contain fatty acid methyl esters （methyl palmitate and methyl linoleate）. It is proposed that the presence of methyl linoleate and methyl palmitate in the samples may show antibacterial activities if tested against different bacterial strains.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21076054 and U140710231)the Natural Science Important Foundation of Educational Commission of Anhui Province(2010AJZR-85,2011AJZR-87)+1 种基金Study Foundation of New Product and Technology of Anhui Economic and Information Technology Commission(2012AHST0797,2013CXSY327 and 2013CXSY366)National College Student Innovation Fund(2014CXCY321 and 2014CXCY349)
文摘Iminodiacetic acid functionalized polyglycidyl methacrylate grafted-carbon fibers(PGMA-IDA/CFs) were prepared for Ni(II) removal from aqueous solutions. The effects of solution p H value, temperature and adsorption time were investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity of Ni(II) on PGMA-IDA/CFs is 0.923 mmol·L-1· g-1at pH 5.2 and 50 °C. Kinetic data indicate that the adsorption process matches the pseudo-second-order model and Elovich kinetic model. Thermodynamic data suggest that the adsorption process is endothermic spontaneous reaction.
基金Supported by the High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No 2007AA091905)the Technical Program of Municipal Technology Bureau Qingdao (No 04-2-JS-117)
文摘We compared four esterifiable enzymes. The lipase Novozym 435 possessed the highest activity for the conjugated linoleic acid esterification during the synthesis of triglycerides. The triglycerides were synthesized by esterification of glycerol and conjugated linoleic acid （CLA） in a no-solvent system using lipase catalysis. We investigated the effects of temperature, enzyme concentration, water content, and time on esterification. Enzyme and water concentrations of up to 1% of the total reaction volume and a system temperature of 60℃ proved optimal for esterification. Similarly, when the esterification was carried out for 24 h, the reaction ratio improved to 94.11%. The esterification rate of the rotating screen basket remained high （87.28%） when the enzyme was re-used for the 5th time. We evaluated the substrate selectivity of lipase （NOVO 435） and determined that this lipase prefers the 10,12-octadacadienoic acid to the 9,11-octadecadienoic acid.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21003068, 21073189, 21071073)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20110491546)+1 种基金Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program (2012BAF03B02)Liaoning University Research Funding
文摘Amino acid ionic liquid （AAIL） based on alanine, 1-n-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium alanine （[C7mim][Ala]）, has been prepared and characterized. Since the IL can form strong hydrogen bonds with water, trace amount of water is a problematic impurity in the IL. Using the standard addition method （SAM）, the densities were measured in the temperature range from 293.15 to 343.15±0.05 K. On the basis of the experimental data of density, the surface tension y, molar volume, and the molecular vol- ume Vm, molar enthalpy of vaporization AIgHm0, and the thermal expansion coefficients or, for [C7mim][Ala] were estimated using semi-empirical methods. Also the interstice model has been verified with good accordance. Then the [C7mim][Ala] was taken as catalyst in the transesterification reaction with fatty acid, where soybean oil was used as raw material and methanol as reactant. The amount of catalyst, alcohol consumption, reaction time, temperature and other factors of the reaction were inves- tigated. Using GC determination, the conversions were calculated by the internal standard method. The main ingredients of the products were identified by GC-MS as palm methyl ester and linoleic acid methyl ester only, which showed high selectivity in palmitic acid and linoleic acid.
