刚果(金)某铜精矿酸浸渣中铜的赋存特征及回收

刚果(金)地区主要采用湿法炼铜工艺提取铜精矿中的铜,含铜55%~65%的硫化铜精矿经过焙烧和两段酸浸后,酸浸渣中含有3%~10%的铜。以刚果(金)某铜精矿焙砂酸浸渣为研究对象,在对其进行工艺矿物学分析的基础上,采用加压浸出方式回收渣中的铜。结果表明,铜精矿焙砂酸浸渣中的铜主要以硅孔雀石、胆矾和亚铁酸铜的形式存在,三种矿物所含铜占总铜量的96.87%,其中亚铁酸铜为主要难浸矿物;酸浸时,酸用量对铜浸出率影响最大;最佳浸出条件为液固比4 mL/g、酸矿比(硫酸用量与酸浸渣的质量比)65%、浸出时间2 h、浸出温度180℃,对应的铜浸出率为94.52%,渣含铜可由处理前的7.66%降低到0.52%。

中性溶液中抗坏血酸在六氰合亚铁酸钴铜膜修饰铂电极上现场红外光谱电化学研究

Electrochemical oxidation reactions of L ascorbic acid(AA) at a copper cobalt hexacyanoferrate modified electrode(CoCuHCF/Pt) in neutral solutions were studied in comparison with that at a bared Pt electrode by in situ FTIR reflection absorption spectroscopy(FTIRRAS). The results indicated that the electrode oxidation of AA at both the electrodes CoCuHCF followed by chemical processes. AA is oxidized to dehydro L ascorbic acid(DHA) followed by a chemical hydration process. At Pt electrode, the DHA underwent hydration reaction to form bicyclic product, which then further was transformed into 2,3 diketogulonic acid and its enol form via an opening of lactone ring. However, at CoCuHCF/Pt electrode, the DHA undergoes ring opening reaction and then degradation reaction.

Effect of pH values on extracellular protein and polysaccharide secretions of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans during chalcopyrite bioleaching

The effect of pH values on the extracellular protein and polysaccharide secretions of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was comparatively investigated in different phases of bacterial growth during chalcopyrite bioleaching. The results indicate that the extracellular protein is always more than the extracellular polysaccharide secreted by attached cells on the chalcopyrite, on the contrary, and is always less than the extracellular polysaccharide secreted by free cells in the solution at bacterial adaptive phase, logarithmic phase and stationary phase whenever pH value is at 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 or 2.5; free cells are mainly through the secretion of extracellular polysaccharide rather than the extracellular protein to fight against disadvantageous solution environment, such as high concentration of metal ions and unsuitable pH solution; both amounts of polysaccharide and protein secreted by attached cells are mainly positively related to the solution acidity rather than the total concentration of soluble metal ions. The experimental results imply that bacteria are mainly through secreting more extracellular polysaccharide to fight against disadvantageous environment and the extracellular protein perhaps plays an important role in oxidation？reduction reactions in the bioleaching system.

Catalytic effect of visible light and Cd^2+on chalcopyrite bioleaching

The effects of visible light and Cd^2+ion on chalcopyrite bioleaching in the presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(A.ferrooxidans)were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction(SR-XRD),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The results of bioleaching after 28 days showed that the copper dissolution increased by 4.96%with only visible light,the presence of Cd2+alone exerted slight inhibition effect on chalcopyrite dissolution and the concentration of dissolved copper increased by 14.70%with visible light and 50 mg/L Cd^2+.The results of chemical leaching showed that visible light can promote the circulation of iron.SEM results showed that Cd^2+promoted the attachment of A.ferrooxidans on chalcopyrite surface under visible light.SR-XRD and XPS results indicated that visible light and Cd^2+promoted chalcopyrite dissolution,but did not inhibit the formation of passivation.Finally,a model of synergistic catalysis mechanism of visible light and Cd2+on chalcopyrite bioleaching was proposed.

Formation of jarosite and its effect on important ions for Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria

The precipitation of jarosite adversely affects the bio-leaching of copper sulfides in the Sarcheshmeh heap bio-leaching process. The variables of the initial concentration of ferrous iron in the growth medium, pH, and temperature were examined in the laboratory to determine how they affect the precipitation of jarosite in the presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria. It was found that the maximum ferric precipitate occurred at a ferrous sulfate concentration of 50 g/L, a temperature of 32 ℃, and an initial pH value of 2.2. The effects of the precipitation of ferric iron on the quantities of ions that are important for A. ferrooxidans bacteria in aqueous phase, i.e., ferric, sulfate, potassium, phosphate, and magnesium ions, also were assessed. The results showed relatively similar patterns for the ferric and potassium ions, and then reason might have been the co-precipitation of these ions as constituent elements of jarosite mineral. At pH values greater than 1.6, the solubility of phosphate ions decreased dramatically due to the co-precipitation of phosphate ions with the jarosite precipitate and due to the significant growth rate of A. ferrooxidans bacteria in this pH range. Due to the dissolution of a gangue constituent in the ore, the magnesium levels increased in the first few days of the bio-leaching process;thereafter, it decreased slightly.