Microflow driven by AC electrothermal pumping electrolytes with high conductivity fluid （ACET） effect is explored in order to seek new methods for （more than 0. 02 S/m） at microscale. Based on the ACET theory, a p...Microflow driven by AC electrothermal pumping electrolytes with high conductivity fluid （ACET） effect is explored in order to seek new methods for （more than 0. 02 S/m） at microscale. Based on the ACET theory, a physical model for particle trapping is established by a set of electrostatics, heat transfer and fluid dynamic equations. Further, fluid velocity fields are predicted using the software FEMLAB. Experiments are performed which verify the numerical results. The experimental results show that with appropriate electrode design, ACET effect can work on fluids with conductivity up to I. 53 S/m and trap particles at a low voltage. ACET devices can be readily integrated on chip into a microsystem. This offers insight into designing ACET lab-chips.展开更多
This paper reports a study concerning occurrence and growth of traffic jam in a harbor tunnel. The single-lane with three sections （downgrade, fiat, and upgrade） is taken into account and they are characterized with...This paper reports a study concerning occurrence and growth of traffic jam in a harbor tunnel. The single-lane with three sections （downgrade, fiat, and upgrade） is taken into account and they are characterized with different velocity limit. At the low density, the traffic current increases linearly with density and saturates at some values of immediately density. As the density increases, the traffic jam appears firstly before the upgrade section and then extends to the downgrade section. Additionally, the relationships of the velocity and headway against position in different densities are obta/ned from simulation. These results clearly clarify where and when the traffic jam appears. Finally, the critical densities are derived via the theoretical analysis before and after the discontinuous fronts and the theoretical results are consistent with the critical values of simulation results.展开更多
基金US National Science Foundation ( No ECS-0448896)Tennessee Science Alliance Award
文摘Microflow driven by AC electrothermal pumping electrolytes with high conductivity fluid （ACET） effect is explored in order to seek new methods for （more than 0. 02 S/m） at microscale. Based on the ACET theory, a physical model for particle trapping is established by a set of electrostatics, heat transfer and fluid dynamic equations. Further, fluid velocity fields are predicted using the software FEMLAB. Experiments are performed which verify the numerical results. The experimental results show that with appropriate electrode design, ACET effect can work on fluids with conductivity up to I. 53 S/m and trap particles at a low voltage. ACET devices can be readily integrated on chip into a microsystem. This offers insight into designing ACET lab-chips.
基金Supported by Research Grants from City University of Hong Kong,HKSAR under Grant No.CityU-SRG 7002684Science&Technology Program of Shanghai Maritime University under Grant No.20110046+1 种基金Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.10190502500National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11172164,71101088 and 71171129
文摘This paper reports a study concerning occurrence and growth of traffic jam in a harbor tunnel. The single-lane with three sections （downgrade, fiat, and upgrade） is taken into account and they are characterized with different velocity limit. At the low density, the traffic current increases linearly with density and saturates at some values of immediately density. As the density increases, the traffic jam appears firstly before the upgrade section and then extends to the downgrade section. Additionally, the relationships of the velocity and headway against position in different densities are obta/ned from simulation. These results clearly clarify where and when the traffic jam appears. Finally, the critical densities are derived via the theoretical analysis before and after the discontinuous fronts and the theoretical results are consistent with the critical values of simulation results.
