Concern for the environmental impact of organizations＇ activities has led to the recognition and demand for organizations to manage and report on their carbon footprint. However, there is no limit as to the areas of ...Concern for the environmental impact of organizations＇ activities has led to the recognition and demand for organizations to manage and report on their carbon footprint. However, there is no limit as to the areas of carbon footprints required in such annual environmental reports. To deliver improvements in the quality of carbon footprint management and reporting, there is a need to identify the main elements of carbon footprint strategy that can be endorsed, supported and encouraged by facility managers. The study investigates carbon footprint elements managed and reported upon by facility manager in the UK. Drawing on a questionnaire survey of 256 facility managers in the UK, the key elements of carbon footprints identified in carbon footprint reports are examined. The findings indicate that the main elements are building energy consumption, waste disposal and water consumption. Business travel in terms of using public transport, air travel and company cars are also recognized as important targets and objectives for the carbon footprint strategy of several FM （facilities management） organizations.展开更多
Transportation accounts for 80% of open-cut coal mine carbon emissions. With regard to the energy con- sumption and carbon emissions of transportation within an open-cut mine, this paper systematically compared the wo...Transportation accounts for 80% of open-cut coal mine carbon emissions. With regard to the energy con- sumption and carbon emissions of transportation within an open-cut mine, this paper systematically compared the work and energy consumption of a truck and belt conveyor on a theoretical basis, and con- structed a model to calculate the energy consumption of open-cut mine transportation. Life cycle carbon emission factors and power consumption calculation model were established through a Process Analysis- Life Cycle Analysis （PA-LCA）. The following results were obtained： （1） the energy consumption of truck transportation was four to twelve times higher than that of the belt conveyor; （2） the C02 emissions from truck transportation were three to ten times higher than those of the belt conveyor; （3） with the increase in the slope angle for transportation, the ratio of truck to belt conveyor for both energy consumption and carbon emissions gradually decreased; （4） based on 2013 prices in China, the energy cost of transportation using a belt conveyor in open-cut coal mines could save 0.6-2.4 Yuan/（t kin） compared to truck transportation.展开更多
This paper summarizes the encrgy consumption of rail transit and the current situation of energy saving. Then it puts forward a number of policy support measures on the technology management from several aspects, such...This paper summarizes the encrgy consumption of rail transit and the current situation of energy saving. Then it puts forward a number of policy support measures on the technology management from several aspects, such as the raft line, traction power supply, energy-saving mode and so on The related research helps urban rail transit enterprises save energy consumption, reduce costs to improve their market competitiveness, as well as to promote the enterprises to fulfill social responsibility and carry out the sustainable development idea.展开更多
Transport is a major component of energy consumption and 002 emissions in travelling. Understanding changes in the energy efficiency of tourism transport （EETT） and factors affecting this is important to the promoti...Transport is a major component of energy consumption and 002 emissions in travelling. Understanding changes in the energy efficiency of tourism transport （EETT） and factors affecting this is important to the promotion of low-carbon tourism. This paper established a new method following the top to bottom principle and analyzed EETT variation characteristics and influencing factors from 1994 to 2013 in China. We found that the energy consumption of tourism transport （ECTT） increased from 178.21 PJ in 1994 to 565.82 PJ in 2013 at an average annual growth rate of 6.27%; CO2 emissions of tourism transport （CETT） went up from 14.96×10^6t to 47.94×10^6 t due to person-trip and trip distance growth. EETT went from 3.22×10^6 person-trips PJ^-1 in 1994 to 5.99×10^6 person-trips PJ^-1 in 2013 at an average annual growth rate of 4.90%, and the CO2 emissions of tourism transport unit person-trips （CETTU） shifted from 26.07 kg person-trips^-1 in 1994 to 14.01 kg person-trips^-1 in 2013. Energy intensity decline, scale effects and policy promotion were key factors that enhanced EETT. Meanwhile, trip mode changes and enjoyment-oriented transport hindered EETT. Based on our analysis, we suggest methods to decrease ECTT and CETT. and enhance EETT.展开更多
In the tourism industry, transportation is the greatest consumer of energy and contributes the largest amount of CO2 emissions （ECCE）. Airplane flights make up between 60% and 70% of all forms of tourism transport. ...In the tourism industry, transportation is the greatest consumer of energy and contributes the largest amount of CO2 emissions （ECCE）. Airplane flights make up between 60% and 70% of all forms of tourism transport. Since airplane travel is the main way for tourists to access islands, airplane travel receives considerable attention in the study of the relationship between island tourism transportation, environment and economy. However, the pa- rameters adopted to estimate ECCE in the literature are usually either out-of-date or taken from papers not written in China. To improve the accuracy of estimates, all the parameters used in this paper are current and were obtained locally. Based on these parameters and a bottom-up approach, a more accurate estimation of ECCE for the off-shore island city of Haikou was obtained in 2012. The results indicate that 24.30% of the city＇s energy con- sumption, 33.89 P J, was due to tourism transportation, while CO2 emissions were 2.54 Mt. It is incorrect to assume that tourism is ＂an industry with no pollution＂. In Haikou, for example, tourism turns out to be the major form of en- ergy consumption in the city. This paper makes several suggestions intended to minimize the negative environ- mental impact from tourism transportation. These include recommending longer stays, a decrease in the number of flights, taxation of airplane emissions, and the setting up an environmental recovery fund.展开更多
文摘Concern for the environmental impact of organizations＇ activities has led to the recognition and demand for organizations to manage and report on their carbon footprint. However, there is no limit as to the areas of carbon footprints required in such annual environmental reports. To deliver improvements in the quality of carbon footprint management and reporting, there is a need to identify the main elements of carbon footprint strategy that can be endorsed, supported and encouraged by facility managers. The study investigates carbon footprint elements managed and reported upon by facility manager in the UK. Drawing on a questionnaire survey of 256 facility managers in the UK, the key elements of carbon footprints identified in carbon footprint reports are examined. The findings indicate that the main elements are building energy consumption, waste disposal and water consumption. Business travel in terms of using public transport, air travel and company cars are also recognized as important targets and objectives for the carbon footprint strategy of several FM （facilities management） organizations.
基金supported by the key project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51034005)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China)(No.20100095110019)+1 种基金the National‘‘Twelfth Five-Year’’Plan for Science&Technology Support(No.2014BAC14B00)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2012AA062004)
文摘Transportation accounts for 80% of open-cut coal mine carbon emissions. With regard to the energy con- sumption and carbon emissions of transportation within an open-cut mine, this paper systematically compared the work and energy consumption of a truck and belt conveyor on a theoretical basis, and con- structed a model to calculate the energy consumption of open-cut mine transportation. Life cycle carbon emission factors and power consumption calculation model were established through a Process Analysis- Life Cycle Analysis （PA-LCA）. The following results were obtained： （1） the energy consumption of truck transportation was four to twelve times higher than that of the belt conveyor; （2） the C02 emissions from truck transportation were three to ten times higher than those of the belt conveyor; （3） with the increase in the slope angle for transportation, the ratio of truck to belt conveyor for both energy consumption and carbon emissions gradually decreased; （4） based on 2013 prices in China, the energy cost of transportation using a belt conveyor in open-cut coal mines could save 0.6-2.4 Yuan/（t kin） compared to truck transportation.
文摘This paper summarizes the encrgy consumption of rail transit and the current situation of energy saving. Then it puts forward a number of policy support measures on the technology management from several aspects, such as the raft line, traction power supply, energy-saving mode and so on The related research helps urban rail transit enterprises save energy consumption, reduce costs to improve their market competitiveness, as well as to promote the enterprises to fulfill social responsibility and carry out the sustainable development idea.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41501159)Key Research of Hebei Education Department Foundation(SD151019)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2014M560731)
文摘Transport is a major component of energy consumption and 002 emissions in travelling. Understanding changes in the energy efficiency of tourism transport （EETT） and factors affecting this is important to the promotion of low-carbon tourism. This paper established a new method following the top to bottom principle and analyzed EETT variation characteristics and influencing factors from 1994 to 2013 in China. We found that the energy consumption of tourism transport （ECTT） increased from 178.21 PJ in 1994 to 565.82 PJ in 2013 at an average annual growth rate of 6.27%; CO2 emissions of tourism transport （CETT） went up from 14.96×10^6t to 47.94×10^6 t due to person-trip and trip distance growth. EETT went from 3.22×10^6 person-trips PJ^-1 in 1994 to 5.99×10^6 person-trips PJ^-1 in 2013 at an average annual growth rate of 4.90%, and the CO2 emissions of tourism transport unit person-trips （CETTU） shifted from 26.07 kg person-trips^-1 in 1994 to 14.01 kg person-trips^-1 in 2013. Energy intensity decline, scale effects and policy promotion were key factors that enhanced EETT. Meanwhile, trip mode changes and enjoyment-oriented transport hindered EETT. Based on our analysis, we suggest methods to decrease ECTT and CETT. and enhance EETT.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41101044)Key Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(15AGL012)
文摘In the tourism industry, transportation is the greatest consumer of energy and contributes the largest amount of CO2 emissions （ECCE）. Airplane flights make up between 60% and 70% of all forms of tourism transport. Since airplane travel is the main way for tourists to access islands, airplane travel receives considerable attention in the study of the relationship between island tourism transportation, environment and economy. However, the pa- rameters adopted to estimate ECCE in the literature are usually either out-of-date or taken from papers not written in China. To improve the accuracy of estimates, all the parameters used in this paper are current and were obtained locally. Based on these parameters and a bottom-up approach, a more accurate estimation of ECCE for the off-shore island city of Haikou was obtained in 2012. The results indicate that 24.30% of the city＇s energy con- sumption, 33.89 P J, was due to tourism transportation, while CO2 emissions were 2.54 Mt. It is incorrect to assume that tourism is ＂an industry with no pollution＂. In Haikou, for example, tourism turns out to be the major form of en- ergy consumption in the city. This paper makes several suggestions intended to minimize the negative environ- mental impact from tourism transportation. These include recommending longer stays, a decrease in the number of flights, taxation of airplane emissions, and the setting up an environmental recovery fund.
