A households′production behavior directly influences the quality of the environment and determines the successful development of nature reserves.Meanwhile,the households′production behaviors are complicated by inter...A households′production behavior directly influences the quality of the environment and determines the successful development of nature reserves.Meanwhile,the households′production behaviors are complicated by interrelated factors,such as protection attitudes,resource endowment,and family wealth.This research evaluated households near the Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Province,acquiring data from 436 households around Yang County and Ningshan County in the south slope of Qinling Mountains,China.Based on the collected data,we developed a structural equation model to evaluate the coupling relationships among households′ protection attitudes,production behaviors,resource endowment,and family wealth.The results showed that:1) households with great resource endowment had more negative attitudes,probably due to their greater protection costs;2) the households with higher education levels had worse protection attitudes;3) the households with more family wealth were likely to use fewer fertilizers,pesticides,and firewood;4) the households with more resource endowment showed less production and management behaviors;5) the enhancement of households' attitudes improved production behaviors to protection the environment,but the effects were not statistically significant.Our results provide a basis for the government's protection policy making,exploring the effective management measures that are beneficial for both nature reserve management and community development.展开更多
This paper aims to mitigate the impacts of subsurface drainage system in Ibshan, Egypt on the environment. For studying and analyzing these impacts, data are collected concerning before and after the installation of t...This paper aims to mitigate the impacts of subsurface drainage system in Ibshan, Egypt on the environment. For studying and analyzing these impacts, data are collected concerning before and after the installation of the subsurface drainage system. The environmental impacts are set to be crops yields, salinity, and water table depth. Concerning crops yields, five crops are identified to study the effect of the subsurface drainage system on their productivity. Regarding salinity, the saline areas are investigated pre and post the subsurface drainage system. For the water table depth, the ground water table depths are reviewed before and after the subsurface drainage system. Also, the DRA1NMOD-S computer program is employed to determine the effect of the subsurface drainage system on the water table depth. It is concluded that the environmental impacts of the subsurface drainage system in Ibshan area are very good. The yields of five crops increased from 7% to 38%, 16.4% of saline areas are improved, and the ground water table depth is reduced by 10%. Also, an equation is obtained to predict the percentage decrease of ground water table depth according to the laterals spacing of the subsurface drainage system.展开更多
This research investigates the impact of cyclone Sidr on six regional economic systems of Bangladesh. The study uses secondary data on direct damages and corresponding changes in consumer spending and public/private i...This research investigates the impact of cyclone Sidr on six regional economic systems of Bangladesh. The study uses secondary data on direct damages and corresponding changes in consumer spending and public/private investment expenditure. It employs input–output modeling and simulates the changes in national and regional output,income, and employment due to cyclone Sidr. Our findings indicate that coastal regions of Bangladesh—Barisal,Chittagong, and Khulna—are more vulnerable to cyclone disaster than are other parts of the country. The cycloneinduced loss of output is highest for Chittagong Division and income and employment losses are greatest in Barisal Division. The most affected sectors are housing services,agriculture, construction, and industrial activities. But sectoral losses vary widely across the regions. This research also finds that the present state of consumer spending and investment expenditure is not great enough to handle cyclone-induced output, income, and employment losses. It argues that investment decisions must consider regional patterns of output, income, and employment losses in different economic sectors to ensure cyclone-resilient development in Bangladesh.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Forestry Industry Research Special Funds for Public Welfare Projects(No.201004008)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71003007)Research Program of Food and Agriculture Organization(No.CHN/2011/077/LOA)
文摘A households′production behavior directly influences the quality of the environment and determines the successful development of nature reserves.Meanwhile,the households′production behaviors are complicated by interrelated factors,such as protection attitudes,resource endowment,and family wealth.This research evaluated households near the Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Province,acquiring data from 436 households around Yang County and Ningshan County in the south slope of Qinling Mountains,China.Based on the collected data,we developed a structural equation model to evaluate the coupling relationships among households′ protection attitudes,production behaviors,resource endowment,and family wealth.The results showed that:1) households with great resource endowment had more negative attitudes,probably due to their greater protection costs;2) the households with higher education levels had worse protection attitudes;3) the households with more family wealth were likely to use fewer fertilizers,pesticides,and firewood;4) the households with more resource endowment showed less production and management behaviors;5) the enhancement of households' attitudes improved production behaviors to protection the environment,but the effects were not statistically significant.Our results provide a basis for the government's protection policy making,exploring the effective management measures that are beneficial for both nature reserve management and community development.
文摘This paper aims to mitigate the impacts of subsurface drainage system in Ibshan, Egypt on the environment. For studying and analyzing these impacts, data are collected concerning before and after the installation of the subsurface drainage system. The environmental impacts are set to be crops yields, salinity, and water table depth. Concerning crops yields, five crops are identified to study the effect of the subsurface drainage system on their productivity. Regarding salinity, the saline areas are investigated pre and post the subsurface drainage system. For the water table depth, the ground water table depths are reviewed before and after the subsurface drainage system. Also, the DRA1NMOD-S computer program is employed to determine the effect of the subsurface drainage system on the water table depth. It is concluded that the environmental impacts of the subsurface drainage system in Ibshan area are very good. The yields of five crops increased from 7% to 38%, 16.4% of saline areas are improved, and the ground water table depth is reduced by 10%. Also, an equation is obtained to predict the percentage decrease of ground water table depth according to the laterals spacing of the subsurface drainage system.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(2007CB407207)The National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2007BAC15B01)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation(Project No.40971236 and No.30901163)the Vilas Associate Award and the Hammel Faculty Fellow Award from the University of Wisconsin-Madison,and Innovation Grant from the State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information Systems
基金the Climate Change Trust FundMinistry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh for funding this research
文摘This research investigates the impact of cyclone Sidr on six regional economic systems of Bangladesh. The study uses secondary data on direct damages and corresponding changes in consumer spending and public/private investment expenditure. It employs input–output modeling and simulates the changes in national and regional output,income, and employment due to cyclone Sidr. Our findings indicate that coastal regions of Bangladesh—Barisal,Chittagong, and Khulna—are more vulnerable to cyclone disaster than are other parts of the country. The cycloneinduced loss of output is highest for Chittagong Division and income and employment losses are greatest in Barisal Division. The most affected sectors are housing services,agriculture, construction, and industrial activities. But sectoral losses vary widely across the regions. This research also finds that the present state of consumer spending and investment expenditure is not great enough to handle cyclone-induced output, income, and employment losses. It argues that investment decisions must consider regional patterns of output, income, and employment losses in different economic sectors to ensure cyclone-resilient development in Bangladesh.
