In this work, the absorption-hydration hybrid method was used to recover （hydrogen ＋ nitrogen） from （hydrogen ＋ nitrogen ＋ methane ＋ argon） tail gas mixtures of synthetic ammonia plant through hydrate formatio...In this work, the absorption-hydration hybrid method was used to recover （hydrogen ＋ nitrogen） from （hydrogen ＋ nitrogen ＋ methane ＋ argon） tail gas mixtures of synthetic ammonia plant through hydrate formation/dissociation. A high-pressure reactor with magnetic stirrer was used to study the separation efficiency. The in-fluences of the concentration of anti-agglomerant, temperature, pressure, initial gas-liquid volume ratio, and oil-water volume ratio on the separation efficiency were systematically investigated in the presence of tetrahydro-furan （THF）. Anti-agglomerant was used to disperse hydrate particles into the condensate phase for water-in-oil emulsion system. Since nitrogen is the material for ammonia production, the objective production in our separation process is （hydrogen ＋ nitrogen）. Our experimental results show that by adopting appropriate operating conditions, high concentration of （hydrogen ＋ nitrogen） can be obtained using the proposed technology based on forming hydrate.展开更多
In an attempt to enhance productivity as well as drought tolerance of barley cultivar, a 5 × 5 diallel cross involving rainfed cultivars was made. Of the 10 crosses, cross K603 x K560 was most promising as it yie...In an attempt to enhance productivity as well as drought tolerance of barley cultivar, a 5 × 5 diallel cross involving rainfed cultivars was made. Of the 10 crosses, cross K603 x K560 was most promising as it yielded highest number of recombinants （21 in irrigated and 36 in rainfed conditions）; the cultivar K506 was considered as drought resistant （drought susceptibility index 〈 1）. A total of 22 out of 64 and 18 out of 59 most promising F2 recombinants in irrigated and rainfed conditions, respectively from 6 crosses were evaluated for yield, harvest index as well as proline content. All the recombinants selected under rainfed condition （including a few from irrigated condition） showed enhanced level of proline content coupled with high grain yield and harvest index. Further, a total of twenty-nine segregants （12 rainfed and 17 irrigated derived cultures） showing significantly higher values of proline content and grain yield were grown during 2007-2008 under both the environments, rainfed and irrigated to determine the geometric mean （GM） and drought susceptibility index （S）. The segregants （Culture No. 8, 10 ＆ 13） derived from cross K 603 × K 560 and culture No. 5 from K 560 × RD 2508 gave maximum mean yield under rainfed and geometric mean coupled with lower drought susceptibility index （S）. Also, it has been observed that the transgressive segregants selected from limited water environment （rainfed） performed better than those selected from irrigated environment for higher grain yield and drought tolerance.展开更多
Plant growth regulators are biologically active signaling molecules that regulate a number of plant physiological processes. Auxin(indole-3-acetic acid) is an important plant growth regulator and is synthesized within...Plant growth regulators are biologically active signaling molecules that regulate a number of plant physiological processes. Auxin(indole-3-acetic acid) is an important plant growth regulator and is synthesized within plant tissues through L-tryptophan(L-TRP)-dependent and-independent pathways. It has been found that plants respond to exogenously applied L-TRP due to insufficient endogenous auxin biosynthesis. The exogenous application of L-TRP is highly significant for normal plant growth and development.L-tryptophan is applied through foliar spray, seed priming, and soil application. Soil-applied L-TRP is either directly taken up by plants or metabolized to auxin by soil microbiota and then absorbed by plant roots. Similarly, foliar spray and seed priming with L-TRP stimulates auxin synthesis within plants and improves the growth and productivity of agricultural crops. Furthermore, L-TRP contains approximately 14% nitrogen(N) in its composition, which is released upon its metabolism within a plant or in the rhizosphere and plays a role in enhancing crop productivity. This review deals with assessing crop responses under the exogenous application of L-TRP in normal and stressed environments, mode of action of L-TRP, advantages of using L-TRP over other auxin precursors, and role of the simultaneous use of L-TRP and auxin-producing microbes in improving the productivity of agricultural crops. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review reporting the importance of the use of L-TRP in agriculture.展开更多
基金Supported by the National/qatural Science Foundation of China （20925623, 21006126）, the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Program of China （No. 2009CB219504）, the Research Funds of China University of Petroleum, Beijing （BJBJRC-2010-01）, and Beijing Nova Program （2010B069）.
文摘In this work, the absorption-hydration hybrid method was used to recover （hydrogen ＋ nitrogen） from （hydrogen ＋ nitrogen ＋ methane ＋ argon） tail gas mixtures of synthetic ammonia plant through hydrate formation/dissociation. A high-pressure reactor with magnetic stirrer was used to study the separation efficiency. The in-fluences of the concentration of anti-agglomerant, temperature, pressure, initial gas-liquid volume ratio, and oil-water volume ratio on the separation efficiency were systematically investigated in the presence of tetrahydro-furan （THF）. Anti-agglomerant was used to disperse hydrate particles into the condensate phase for water-in-oil emulsion system. Since nitrogen is the material for ammonia production, the objective production in our separation process is （hydrogen ＋ nitrogen）. Our experimental results show that by adopting appropriate operating conditions, high concentration of （hydrogen ＋ nitrogen） can be obtained using the proposed technology based on forming hydrate.
文摘In an attempt to enhance productivity as well as drought tolerance of barley cultivar, a 5 × 5 diallel cross involving rainfed cultivars was made. Of the 10 crosses, cross K603 x K560 was most promising as it yielded highest number of recombinants （21 in irrigated and 36 in rainfed conditions）; the cultivar K506 was considered as drought resistant （drought susceptibility index 〈 1）. A total of 22 out of 64 and 18 out of 59 most promising F2 recombinants in irrigated and rainfed conditions, respectively from 6 crosses were evaluated for yield, harvest index as well as proline content. All the recombinants selected under rainfed condition （including a few from irrigated condition） showed enhanced level of proline content coupled with high grain yield and harvest index. Further, a total of twenty-nine segregants （12 rainfed and 17 irrigated derived cultures） showing significantly higher values of proline content and grain yield were grown during 2007-2008 under both the environments, rainfed and irrigated to determine the geometric mean （GM） and drought susceptibility index （S）. The segregants （Culture No. 8, 10 ＆ 13） derived from cross K 603 × K 560 and culture No. 5 from K 560 × RD 2508 gave maximum mean yield under rainfed and geometric mean coupled with lower drought susceptibility index （S）. Also, it has been observed that the transgressive segregants selected from limited water environment （rainfed） performed better than those selected from irrigated environment for higher grain yield and drought tolerance.
文摘Plant growth regulators are biologically active signaling molecules that regulate a number of plant physiological processes. Auxin(indole-3-acetic acid) is an important plant growth regulator and is synthesized within plant tissues through L-tryptophan(L-TRP)-dependent and-independent pathways. It has been found that plants respond to exogenously applied L-TRP due to insufficient endogenous auxin biosynthesis. The exogenous application of L-TRP is highly significant for normal plant growth and development.L-tryptophan is applied through foliar spray, seed priming, and soil application. Soil-applied L-TRP is either directly taken up by plants or metabolized to auxin by soil microbiota and then absorbed by plant roots. Similarly, foliar spray and seed priming with L-TRP stimulates auxin synthesis within plants and improves the growth and productivity of agricultural crops. Furthermore, L-TRP contains approximately 14% nitrogen(N) in its composition, which is released upon its metabolism within a plant or in the rhizosphere and plays a role in enhancing crop productivity. This review deals with assessing crop responses under the exogenous application of L-TRP in normal and stressed environments, mode of action of L-TRP, advantages of using L-TRP over other auxin precursors, and role of the simultaneous use of L-TRP and auxin-producing microbes in improving the productivity of agricultural crops. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review reporting the importance of the use of L-TRP in agriculture.
