Wastewater from production process of 2,3-acid was treated by adsorption usingmacroporous resin NDA-708. After only one-step treatment by resin adsorption, removalefficiency of three kinds of naphthalene chemicals was...Wastewater from production process of 2,3-acid was treated by adsorption usingmacroporous resin NDA-708. After only one-step treatment by resin adsorption, removalefficiency of three kinds of naphthalene chemicals was above 99%, removal efficiency ofCODcr was above 96% Under proper operating condition, desorption efficiency wasaround 100%. The running records of the industrial facility showed that the naphthlenechemicals in desorption effluent could be reused without obvious influence on the qualityOf the product.展开更多
It is impossible to plan in advance unpredictable phenomena at monitoring, diagnosis and control of industrial batch and continuous equipment and processes such as chemical composition of the raw materials, the proces...It is impossible to plan in advance unpredictable phenomena at monitoring, diagnosis and control of industrial batch and continuous equipment and processes such as chemical composition of the raw materials, the process leads to unexpected reactions and changes its parameters, etc. The agent is active, a program entity, has its own ideas how to perform the tasks of the own agenda. Agents perceive, behave ＂reasonably＂, communicate with other agents. Agents can represent equipment and operations in batch processes as recommended by the ISA $88. Jadex system is based on Java language and on FIPA org. recommendations. The description of ripening tank T406 and recipe for yogurt production in the holding of MADETA Corp. in the Czech Rep. It is described modeling and displaying of＂normal＂ and error, fault unit state of the ripening tank. Agents are within the Jadex system and describing the behavior of ripening tank T406 with state diagrams-automata and assist in diagnosing of fault states. States are described in XML language-SCXML （State Charts XML）. Jadex Control Center-JCC represents a major access point to use for operating in real time.展开更多
The process of production of lactide from butyl lactate was investigated. The process consists of two stages： oligomerisation of butyl lactatean and depolymerisation of oligomers. The type catalysts of the series of ...The process of production of lactide from butyl lactate was investigated. The process consists of two stages： oligomerisation of butyl lactatean and depolymerisation of oligomers. The type catalysts of the series of Lewis acid were tested. It was found that SnCI4 is the most efficient catalyst for both stages.展开更多
An economical and environmental sustainability of bioplastic production is dependent on the use of low cost and waste C-sources as raw materials. OMW （Olive Mill Wastewater） with its high organic load represents a d...An economical and environmental sustainability of bioplastic production is dependent on the use of low cost and waste C-sources as raw materials. OMW （Olive Mill Wastewater） with its high organic load represents a dangerous polluting waste. Herein the authors present an integrated process for the simultaneous recovery of polyphenols, high value natural antioxidants, production of PHAs （polyhydroxyalkanotes）, thermoplastic bio-polymers, in particular of PHB （poly-3-hydroxybutyrate） starting from OMW. The combination of membrane filtration and bacterial digestion of OMW resulted in very high yields of polyphenols （3 2.5 g/L） and PHB （31.4 mg/L.h） if compared with the state of the art. These results make the technical approach described here effective for reducing the polluting effect of OMW and maximizing the valuable product yield. Moreover the process is readily suitable for an industrial scale PHB production from OMW.展开更多
The main propose of this research was to develop a two-step biodiesel production technique from animal fat as a raw material. The developed process consists ofesterification and transesterification steps. With special...The main propose of this research was to develop a two-step biodiesel production technique from animal fat as a raw material. The developed process consists ofesterification and transesterification steps. With special attention to optimize the first step is acid catalyzed esterification to reduce free fatty acid content and the second step is alkali catalyzed transesterification for converting triglyceride to fatty acid methyl ester or biodiesel. Animal fat containing 78.80 mg KOH/g of high acid value and molecular weight of 851 g/mol with the highest oleic acid content was used as raw material. Respond surface methodology （RSM） was applied for the experiment design. This were 20 experiments involving the three investigated variables of methanol to animal fat ratio, amount of sulfuric acid catalyst and reaction time that were studied on esterification to optimize the condition for decreasing acid value in animal fat less than 2 mg KOH/g. The animal fat with low acid value was further experimented in transesterification step to obtain fatty acid methyl ester or biodiesel. Animal fat biodiesel is further investigated by determining its fuel properties according to the ASTM standard test method.展开更多
文摘Wastewater from production process of 2,3-acid was treated by adsorption usingmacroporous resin NDA-708. After only one-step treatment by resin adsorption, removalefficiency of three kinds of naphthalene chemicals was above 99%, removal efficiency ofCODcr was above 96% Under proper operating condition, desorption efficiency wasaround 100%. The running records of the industrial facility showed that the naphthlenechemicals in desorption effluent could be reused without obvious influence on the qualityOf the product.
文摘It is impossible to plan in advance unpredictable phenomena at monitoring, diagnosis and control of industrial batch and continuous equipment and processes such as chemical composition of the raw materials, the process leads to unexpected reactions and changes its parameters, etc. The agent is active, a program entity, has its own ideas how to perform the tasks of the own agenda. Agents perceive, behave ＂reasonably＂, communicate with other agents. Agents can represent equipment and operations in batch processes as recommended by the ISA $88. Jadex system is based on Java language and on FIPA org. recommendations. The description of ripening tank T406 and recipe for yogurt production in the holding of MADETA Corp. in the Czech Rep. It is described modeling and displaying of＂normal＂ and error, fault unit state of the ripening tank. Agents are within the Jadex system and describing the behavior of ripening tank T406 with state diagrams-automata and assist in diagnosing of fault states. States are described in XML language-SCXML （State Charts XML）. Jadex Control Center-JCC represents a major access point to use for operating in real time.
文摘The process of production of lactide from butyl lactate was investigated. The process consists of two stages： oligomerisation of butyl lactatean and depolymerisation of oligomers. The type catalysts of the series of Lewis acid were tested. It was found that SnCI4 is the most efficient catalyst for both stages.
文摘An economical and environmental sustainability of bioplastic production is dependent on the use of low cost and waste C-sources as raw materials. OMW （Olive Mill Wastewater） with its high organic load represents a dangerous polluting waste. Herein the authors present an integrated process for the simultaneous recovery of polyphenols, high value natural antioxidants, production of PHAs （polyhydroxyalkanotes）, thermoplastic bio-polymers, in particular of PHB （poly-3-hydroxybutyrate） starting from OMW. The combination of membrane filtration and bacterial digestion of OMW resulted in very high yields of polyphenols （3 2.5 g/L） and PHB （31.4 mg/L.h） if compared with the state of the art. These results make the technical approach described here effective for reducing the polluting effect of OMW and maximizing the valuable product yield. Moreover the process is readily suitable for an industrial scale PHB production from OMW.
文摘The main propose of this research was to develop a two-step biodiesel production technique from animal fat as a raw material. The developed process consists ofesterification and transesterification steps. With special attention to optimize the first step is acid catalyzed esterification to reduce free fatty acid content and the second step is alkali catalyzed transesterification for converting triglyceride to fatty acid methyl ester or biodiesel. Animal fat containing 78.80 mg KOH/g of high acid value and molecular weight of 851 g/mol with the highest oleic acid content was used as raw material. Respond surface methodology （RSM） was applied for the experiment design. This were 20 experiments involving the three investigated variables of methanol to animal fat ratio, amount of sulfuric acid catalyst and reaction time that were studied on esterification to optimize the condition for decreasing acid value in animal fat less than 2 mg KOH/g. The animal fat with low acid value was further experimented in transesterification step to obtain fatty acid methyl ester or biodiesel. Animal fat biodiesel is further investigated by determining its fuel properties according to the ASTM standard test method.
