Study on Matter Production and Population Photosynthetic Characteristics of High-yielding Spring Maize under Different Modes

In order to construct a good population structure, improve the light energy utilization ratio, and give a full play to the high-yielding potential of spring maize, the effects of maize variety, planting density and fertilizer management on matter production and population photosynthetic physiological indices of spring maize were investigated under three different modes （traditional mode, optimized mode and high- yielding mode）. The results showed that compared with those under the traditional mode, the yield of spring maize under the optimized mode and high-yielding mode was increased by 10.79% and 27.62%, respectively, and the barren tip length was reduced significantly. Among the three modes, the leaf area index （LA/）, leaf area duration （LAD）, dry matter accumulation （DMA） and crop growth rate （CGR） all ranked as high-yielding rnode＇s〉optimized mode＇s〉traditional mode＇s. In conclusion, optimized variety, appropriately increased planting density and strengthened fertilizer management are the key measures to obtain high yield of spring maize.

Desalination by Simple Solar Distiller Assisted by a Heat Pump

The increase in the population of Tunisia and the industrial development posed with acuity during the end of the major problems. Without contribution of additional resources, water will then be likely to be done increasingly rare. The solar still is a small production system, yielding on average 2-5 L/day. In this study we propose a solar distiller assisted by a heat pump. The design of this distiller uses for the evaporation of water and its condensation two phenomena are studied Simple Solar Distiller （SSD） and Simple Solar Still Distiller Hybrid with heat Pump （SSDHP）. The performance is less than 2 L/mVday and a performance of 30% for the SSD. But the SSDHP is 12 L/m2/day, the energetic efficiency reaches 90%.

Muscle Aerobic Capacity and Filleting Yield of Farmed Fish Species in the Mediterranean Sea

In the present work, we compared indices of metabolism and feed conversion efficiency of a semi benthic and two pelagic mari-cultured fish species in the Mediterranean Sea. The metabolism of fish species varies according to habitat and ecophysiological adaptations. For example, with increasing depth, some species may exhibit adaptations to lower temperature and hypoxic conditions with a reduction in mass specific metabolic rate. Meagre （Argyrosomus regius） is a semi-benthic fish found at depths between 30 m and 300 m. Sea bass （Dicentrarhus labrax） and gilthead sea bream （Sparus auratus） are semi-pelagic fish species widely cultivated in the Mediteranean Sea. The aerobic metabolic potential and feed conversion efficiency of meagre were very different from the sea bass and gilthead sea bream. Compared to these two semic-pelagic fish species, meagre exhibited less efficient feed conversion rate, fillet yield. The results provide an estimate of the quantity of fish required to produce 1 kg of fillet weight, an estimation which is required for the operational management of fish processing companies and for estimating the wastes of fish processing factories during filleting.

Study of Water Injection Efficiency through Modern Geological-Mathematical Models in Guneshly Field

Guneshli is a unique oil field for.its huge oil reserves. Fasila layer is one of the main productive series with more than 3,300 tons of oil production per year. It is an important task to continue efficently develop this object. Development of Fasila was analysed based on geological-mathematical models, production performance was predicted through use of advanced ＂evolution＂ modeling program. In addition, the impact of water injection from deep water Guneshly was identified and relavant proposals were put forward.

夏玉米3414田间肥料试验结果初报

通过氮、磷、钾3大要素,高、中、低3种土壤肥力,不施肥、氮磷配、氮钾配及磷钾配4种搭配方式,采取4个施肥水平,即0水平=不施肥、1水平=本地最佳施肥量、2水平=本地最佳施肥量×2、3水平=2水平×1.5(过量施肥水平),另加硫酸锌处理,经回归方程计算分析,找出高中低水平田不同产量结构氮、磷、钾的最佳配比,获得最大产量效能。

Engineering oxygen vacancy on rutile TiO_2 for efficient electron-hole separation and high solar-driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Oxygen vacancy（VO） plays a vital role in semiconductor photocatalysis. Rutile TiO2 nanomaterials with controllable contents of VO（0–2.18%） are fabricated via an insitu solid-state chemical reduction strategy, with color from white to black. The bandgap of the resultant rutile TiO2 is reduced from 3.0 to 2.56 e V, indicating the enhanced visible light absorption. The resultant rutile TiO2 with optimal contents of VO（2.07%） exhibits a high solar-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 734 μmol h-1, which is about four times as high as that of the pristine one（185 μmol h-1）. The presence of VOelevates the apparent Fermi level of rutile TiO2 and promotes the efficient electronhole separation obviously, which favor the escape of photogenerated electrons and prolong the life-time（7.6×103 ns） of photogenerated charge carriers, confirmed by scanning Kelvin probe microscopy, surface photovoltage spectroscopy and transient-state fluorescence. VO-mediated efficient photogenerated electron-hole separation strategy may provide new insight for fabricating other high-performance semiconductor oxide photocatalysts.

Superficial Color Patches as a Visual Diagnostic Criterion for Agricultural Management

Soil management matters in semiarid lands are key to have acceptable yields and to preserve diversity. After the major agricultural intensification underwent in the semiarid lands of Monegros, NE Spain, custom tailored tools are needed to reconcile agriculture with habitats conservation. The objectives of this study were to quantify the effect of soil properties of two distinctly colored soils, white patches （WP） and dark patches （DP）, dominant in the arid landscape of the central Ebro Basin, Spain on winter cereal grain yield and to prove that superficial soil color could be used as a visual diagnostic criterion for evaluation of agricultural practices in arid lands. Significant differences between WP and DP soils were found in gypsum, carbonate contents, available water holding capacity and infiltration rate. The grain yield ranged from 51 to 5 713 kg ha-1. Significantly lower yields （P 〈 0.01） and precipitation-use efficiency （P 〈 0.05） were attained in the WP soils for the three seasons studied. This difference increased with the average rainfall due to the significantly lower soil water infiltration （P 〈 0.01） and water holding capacity （P 〈 0.05） found in the gypseous soils. Our results show that mapping the soil surface color at farm scale can be a low=cost tool for optimizing agricultural practices and recovering the natural vegetation. This approach can be advantageous in similar arid or semiarid environments around the world.

Reversible LiOH chemistry in Li-O_(2)batteries with free-standing Ag/δ-MnO_(2)nanoflower cathode

The low energy efficiency and poor cycle stability arising from the high aggressivity of discharge products toward organic electrolytes limit the practical applications of Li-O_(2)batteries(LOBs).Compared with the typical discharge product Li_(2)O_(2),LiOH shows better chemical and electrochemical stability.In this study,a free-standing cathode composed of hydrangea-likeδ-MnO_(2)with Ag nanoparticles(NPs)embedded in carbon paper(CP)(Ag/δ-MnO_(2)@CP)is fabricated and used as the catalyst for the reversible formation and decomposition of LiOH.The possible discharge mechanism is investigated by in situ Raman measurement and density functional theory calculation.Results confirm thatδ-MnO_(2)dominantly catalyzes the conversion reaction of discharge intermediate LiO_(2)*to LiOH and that Ag particles promote its catalytic ability.In the presence of Ag/δ-MnO_(2)@CP cathode,the LOB exhibits enhanced specific capacity and a high discharge voltage plateau under humid O_(2)atmosphere.At a current density of 200 mA g^(−1),the LOB with the Ag/δ-MnO_(2)@CP cathode presents an overpotential of 0.5 V and an ultra-long cycle life of 867 cycles with a limited specific capacity of 500 mA h g^(−1).This work provides a fresh view on the role of solid catalysts in LOBs and promotes the development of LOBs based on LiOH discharge product for practical applications.