“我永远不可能成为海德格尔主义者”——京特·菲加尔访谈

京特·菲加尔(Günter Figal),1976年从海德堡大学获得博士学位;1987年,他在海德堡大学做完教职论文后,被任命为私人讲师。他的老师有汉斯·格奥尔格·伽达默尔(Hans-Georg Gadamer),蒂特·亨里希(Dieter Henrich),迈克尔·特尼森(Michael Theunissen)和恩斯特·图根哈特(Ernst Tugendhat)。从1989年到2001年,他担任蒂宾根大学哲学教授。自2001年以来,他一直担任弗莱堡大学哲学讲席教授。他是《国际诠释学年鉴》(Internationales Jahrbuch f俟r Hermeneutik)的主编,并且在2003年至2015年间担任马丁·海德格尔学会主席。本文是《人物/背景》杂志对菲加尔教授的访谈稿。

图书馆志愿服务的现状分析与建议

大学生参与图书馆的管理与服务是各高校的普遍情况,本文以南京特师图书馆志愿服务为例,分析高校图书馆志愿服务存在的问题,并提出了对策和建议。

江南水泥厂库存的老式英文打字机考略

江南水泥厂库存的一台老式英文打字机,国际友人曾用来记录侵华日军南京大屠杀的暴行。

Analysis on Breeding Strategies of New Wheat Variety Jingdong 23, and its Characteristics and Application

In order to comprehensively analyze and compare the characteristics and utilization value of the new wheat variety Jingdong 23, the performance of Jingdong 23 was compared with a control variety based on the results in Beijing water con- servation regional test. The characteristics and yield structures of Jingdong 23 were analyzed. The results showed that the three factors of yield of Jingdong 23 were coordinated and the average yield of Jingdong 23 ranked in the first place among the 14 tested varieties （ten-location tests）. On average, the yield of Jingdong 23 was 4.5% more than that of the control Jingdong 8 in water conservation regional test and production test in Beijing. Jingdong 23 has a good adaptability, high and stable yield.

有关唯物辩证法一些问题的我见(续)(关于认识论的三对矛盾)

矛盾规律是唯物辩证法的主要规律之一。马克思主义的认识论和马克思主义的唯物辩证法是一致的,因而矛盾规律在马克思主义的认识论中也占有极其重要的地位,不懂矛盾规律也就不能懂得马克思主义的认识论。

新的工业革命和新的社会——《评微电子学和社会》

《微电子学和社会》是一本论文集,由罗马俱乐部委托波兰哲学家沙夫(Schaff Adam)和西德经济学家京特(Friedrichs Gunter)主编,1982年出版。罗马俱乐部曾先后在奥地利萨尔茨堡和日本东京召开学术会议,讨论微电子学对未来经济和社会的影响。这本书已经在欧洲和整个西方世界引起巨大反响。微电子学,通过小型化、自动化、计算机化和机器人化,对经济和社会,对劳动和家庭都将产生极为深远的影响,并将从根本上改变我们的生产方式和生活方式。本书序言,提出了一个值得研究的理论问题:由于微电子学及其应用的广泛发展。

《现代特殊教育》创刊两年来学刊、用刊成为特教工作者的迫切需要

这期刊物的出版,迎来了《现代特殊教育》两周岁的生日。尽管她还处在幼儿期,但在国家教委、中国残联的指导帮助下,在全国各地特教工作者的支持下,她已茁壮成长,并日益显示出刊物的积极作用。越来越多的读者不仅积极订刊,还在学刊用刊上下功夫,使刊物在提高师资水平、推动特教工作方面起到了积极作用,这就是我们所要追求的刊物社会效益。这方面,各地都有许多宝贵经验,如北京一聋校、深圳元平特校不仅为每位教师订阅一份,还发动学生家长订阅。松花江地区特教学会为全区特教教师集体订阅、并定期组织学习。无锡县、昌乐县。

了解学生 掌握要求 选好方法——聋校数学教学略谈

南京特师数学课是聋校一门重要的文化基础课。为使数学教师能进一步认识聋生学习数学的特点,领会教学大纲,掌握教学方法,提高聋生学习数学的效果,我们约请了南京特师高级讲师俞循老师举办聋校数学教学的系列讲座。希望读者结合这个讲座,将自己教学体会、经验或疑问、困难反馈给我们,让我们共同办好这个栏目。

Modeling Patch Characteristics of Farmland Loss for Site Assessment in Urban Fringe of Beijing, China

Farmland protection and delimitation in the urban fringe considers not only natural factors but also the spatial characters and site factors. Taking Daxing District, Beijing in China as a case study, this paper used landscape ecology and power-law methods to ana- lyze and evaluate farmland loss during the period of 2004~2007 based on the interpretation results of SPOT5 remote sensing images in 2004 and 2007. At the patch level, we selected four landscape indices, namely patch size, shape index, the nearest neighbor distance between farmland and construction land （including residential land and other construction land）, and cropping type, to evaluate the risk of farmland loss and establish a farmland site analysis indicator system. The results showed that patch size and shape index have a sig- nificant positive correlation with farmland loss, whereas the distance to construction land has a clear negative correlation with farmland loss. As regards cropping type, fallow farmland is much easier for non-agriculUlral use than cultivated farmland. The relative transition ratio among vegetable land, fallow farmland and cultivated farmland is 1 ： 5.6 ： 1. The patch size of lost farmland follows a power-law distribution, indicating that not only small parcels but also large parcels can be lost. Patch size less than 4 ha or more than 15 ha is in high loss risk, between 4 ha and 10 ha in medium loss risk, and larger than 10 ha and less than 15 ha in low risk. Farmland with a more regular shape has a higher likelihood of loss. Patch shape index less than 2.0 is in high loss risk, between 2.0 and 3.0 in medium loss risk, and larger than 3.0 in low risk. Construction land has a varying impact on farmland loss, the residential land effeeted distance is 1000 m, and that of the other construction land is 2000 m. This analysis showed the relationships between site factors and farmland loss, and the analysis framework can provide support and reference for farmland protection and delimitation of prime farmland in China.

Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Land Subsidence Corresponding to Dynamic Groundwater Funnel in Beijing Municipality,China

Due to long-term over-exploitation of groundwater in Beijing Municipality, regional groundwater funnels have formed and land subsidence has been induced. By combining a groundwater monitoring network, GPS monitor- ing network data, radar satellite SAR data, GIS and other new technologies, a coupled process model based on the dy- namic variation of groundwater and the deformation response of land subsidence has been established. The dynamic variation of groundwater fimnels and the land subsidence response process were analyzed systematically in Beijing. Study results indicate that current groundwater funnel areas are distributed mainly in the southwest of Shunyi District, the northeast of Chaoyang District and the northwest of Tongzhou District, with an average decline rate of groundwa- ter level of 2.66 rn/yr and a maximum of 3.82 m/yr in the center of the funnels. Seasonal and interannual differences exist in the response model of land subsidence to groundwater funnels with uneven spatial and temporal distribution, where the maximum land subsidence rate was about --41.08 mm/yr and the area with a subsidence rate greater than 30 mm/yr was about 1637.29 km2. Although a consistency was revealed to exist between a groundwater funnel and the spatial distribution characteristics of the corresponding land subsidence funnel, this consistency was not perfect. The results showed that the response model of land subsidence to the dynamic variation of groundwater was more revealing when combining conventional technologies with InSAR, GIS, GPS, providing a new strategy for environmental and hydrogeological research and a scientific basis for regional land subsidence control.

Observations of Aerosol Optical Properties in the Beijing Urban Area in Summer

To investigate aerosol optical properties in the Beijing metropolitan area, aerosol absorption coefficient （Ab）, scattering coefficient （So）, and fine particulate matter （PM2.5） were measured in the Beijing urban area from 20 May to 30 August 2009. The average Ab, So, single scat- tering albedo （SSA）, and PM2.5 concentration were 58.0±39.5 M m^-1, 343.5±353.7 M m 1, 0.80±0.10 and 63.6＋50.0 μg m^-3, respectively, during the observation period. Ab, Sc, and SSA all showed single peak diurnal variations, with their maximum values being measured at 0500, 1000, and 1300 local time, respectively. Ab and Sc had a strong positive correlation with PM2.5, and Ab, Sc, and PM25 all had positive correlations with relative humidity and negative correlations with wind speed.

Genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of human hepatitis E virus in Nanjing,China

AIM： To investigate the genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of hepatitis E virus （HEV） and assess the potential risk factors for sporadic hepatitis E.

Relationship Between Urban Road Traffic Characteristics and Road Grade Based on a Time Series Clustering Model： A Case Study in Nanjing, China

With the increasing number of vehicles in large-and medium-sized cities challenges in urban traffic management, control, and road planning are being faced. Taxi GPS trajectory data is a novel data source that can be used to study the potential dynamic traffic characteristics of urban roads, and thus identify locations that show a notable lack of road planning. Considering that road traffic characteristics on their own are insufficient for a comprehensive understanding of urban traffic, we develop a road traffic characteristic time series clustering model to analyze the relationship between urban road traffic characteristics and road grade based on existing taxi trajectory data. We select the main urban area of Nanjing as our study area and use the taxi trajectory data of a single month for evaluating our method. The experiments show that the clustering model exhibit good performance and can be successfully used for road traffic characteristic classification. Moreover, we analyze the correlation between traffic characteristics and road grade to identify road segments with planning designs that do not match the actual traffic demands.

Evolution and meteorological causes of fine particulate explosive growth events in Beijing, China, from 2013 to 2017

Based on online observations of fine particulate matter(PM2.5) for five consecutive years from January 2013 to December 2017 in Beijing, combined with simultaneous measurement of gaseous precursors and meteorological parameters, the evolution and meteorological causes of fineparticle explosive growth(FPEG) events were analyzed. During the 5-year observation period,132 FPEG events were observed and these events were further divided into three types(3-, 6-, and 9-h events) according to their evolution duration. The majority of FPEG events were observed in winter under the conditions of higher gas precursor concentrations and unfavorable meteorological conditions. The average concentration of PM2.5 during winter FPEG events changed little from 2013 to 2016, whereas it decreased significantly in 2017, in accordance with the similar variation of gaseous species(SO2, NO2, and CO). In addition, the higher wind speeds and lowest relative humidity observed in 2017 were also conducive to the decrease in PM2.5. The evolutions of FPEG events and normal haze episodes were analyzed, revealing that the rate of increase in NO2 was much greater than that of SO2, suggesting more of a contribution from mobile sources than stationary sources. The polar Plot results suggest that the transportation from the southeast area of Beijing plays a major role in the formation of 3-h events, whereas local emissions is the main contributory factor for 9-h events and normal haze episodes. However, further quantitative analysis regarding the contributions of these factors is still needed.

Walking Access Distance of Metro Passengers and Relationship with Demographic Characteristics: A Case Study of Nanjing Metro

In the metropolises of China, the metro plays an increasingly important role in commuting because of its efficiency, affordability, and cleanliness. This paper attempts to explore the relationship between walking access distance to metro stations and the demographic characteristics of passengers, such as age, monthly income, travel frequency, gender, and travel purpose, as well as the influence of the urban context. Nanjing Metro Line 2 is selected as the case study. By using different methods such as a questionnaire survey, spatial decay function, analysis of covariance(ANOVA), network analysis of routes, and K-means cluster analysis, it is suggested that demographic characteristics have a significant impact on the pedestrian walking distance, with the exception of gender. Furthermore, the paper finds a spatial decay effect in walking access distance, the decay rate of which, however, varies across stations. Terminal stations have a larger pedestrian catchment area than in regular and exchange stations. Moreover, the passengers of Nanjing Metro Line 2 can be classified into six groups according to their demographic characteristics, among which education and occupation are vital indicators in determining their willingness to walk to the stations. Middle-class passengers have a higher dependence on the metro and tend to walk longer than other groups do. This study provides an important reference for planners and transport sectors to optimize land-use and transport infrastructures.

Sustainable Development and Transition of Traditional Retailing Centers in Beijing from Consumers' Perspective

Based on the consumer questionnaires of the three traditional retailing centers,Qianmen,Wangfujing and Xidan in Beijing,this article analyzes the present features of consumer composition in the three retailing centers.What is more,the evolution course and function transition of traditional retailing centers is revealed based on the changing of consumer composition in different times.Lastly,the renewal method and development trends of traditional retailing centers are discussed based on the evaluation results in consumers'perspective.

Velocity Structure Beneath Active Faults and Seismic Tectonic Characteristics in the Beijing Area

Velocity structure beneath active faults in the Beijing area has been discussed,based on the digital crustal model of velocity from deep seismic sounding profiles and tomography imaging of P waves. We found that there exists nearly vertical deep faults beneath the Shunyi Depression and the Machiko Depression,which are very likely to be seismogenic faults in the future. In the superficial crust,the north segment of the Shunyi-QianmenLiangxiang fault,the north segment of the Huangzhuang-Gaoliying fault and the Qinghe fault show a trend to converge but without intersecting with vertical deep faults. This kind of seismo-tectonic state has great potential to generate large earthquakes.

Analysis on the Characteristics and Changing Trends of Population Structure in Megalopolis : the Case of Beijing

Taking Beijing as an example and based on the census data,macro-level population statistical data and 2004~2013 marriage registration data,this paper makes a contrastive analysis on the characteristics and changing trends of local residents,migrants and temporary migrants. Relative to the local residents,the migrants generally have household registry of central districts and higher educational level and occupational layer. Temporary migrants have relatively complicated population structure but differentiate during the process of marriage matching. 'Two-place marriages'form a stable group of new permanent migrants and meanwhile imply a sizable group of latent dependent migrants. This will produce great infl uences on the general population structure and the aging process,which may also lead to some confl icts and problems. The government should be prepared with policy responses so as to promote the benign development of population diversifi cation in megalopolis.

南京大屠杀中栖霞、江宁、句容农民的苦难和德、丹友人的国际救援活动

侵华日军南京大屠杀期间 ,留在南京的国际友人为维护正义和人道 ,展开大规模的救援工作。其中有德国禅臣洋行的京特博士和丹麦斯密斯公司的辛德贝格先生。他们在南京江南水泥厂组织了难民收容所 ,收容难民 4 - 5万人。这些难民屡次向他们呈文 ,诉说自己所遭受的苦难。这些呈文的德文译文 ,保存在德国档案馆和拉贝日记中 ,从而使我们今日得以了解当时栖霞、江宁。