With the scaling development of the minimum lithographic size,the scaling trend of CMOS imager pixel size and fill factor has been computed according to the Moore rule.When the CMOS minimum lithographic feature scales...With the scaling development of the minimum lithographic size,the scaling trend of CMOS imager pixel size and fill factor has been computed according to the Moore rule.When the CMOS minimum lithographic feature scales down to 0.35 μm,the CCD image pixel size is not so easy to be reduced and but the CMOS image pixel size benefits from the scaling minimum lithographic feature. However, when the CMOS technology is downscaled to or under 0.35 μm,the fabrication of CMOS image sensors will be limited by the standard CMOS process in both ways of shallow trench isolation and source/drain junction,which results in pixel crosstalk.The impact of the crosstalk on the active pixel CMOS image sensor is analyzed based on the technology scaling.Some suppressed crosstalk methods have been reviewed.The best way is that combining the advantages of CMOS and SOI technology to fabricate the image sensors will reduce the pixel crosstalk.展开更多
An improved approach for JSEG is presented for unsupervised segmentation of homogeneous regions in gray-scale images. Instead of intensity quantization, an automatic classification method based on scale space-based cl...An improved approach for JSEG is presented for unsupervised segmentation of homogeneous regions in gray-scale images. Instead of intensity quantization, an automatic classification method based on scale space-based clustering is used for nonparametric clustering of image data set. Then EM algorithm with classification achieved by space-based classification scheme as initial data used to achieve Gaussian mixture modelling of image data set that is utilized for the calculation of soft J value. Original region growing algorithm is then used to segment the image based on the multiscale soft J-images. Experiments show that the new method can overcome the limitations of JSEG successfully.展开更多
文摘With the scaling development of the minimum lithographic size,the scaling trend of CMOS imager pixel size and fill factor has been computed according to the Moore rule.When the CMOS minimum lithographic feature scales down to 0.35 μm,the CCD image pixel size is not so easy to be reduced and but the CMOS image pixel size benefits from the scaling minimum lithographic feature. However, when the CMOS technology is downscaled to or under 0.35 μm,the fabrication of CMOS image sensors will be limited by the standard CMOS process in both ways of shallow trench isolation and source/drain junction,which results in pixel crosstalk.The impact of the crosstalk on the active pixel CMOS image sensor is analyzed based on the technology scaling.Some suppressed crosstalk methods have been reviewed.The best way is that combining the advantages of CMOS and SOI technology to fabricate the image sensors will reduce the pixel crosstalk.
文摘An improved approach for JSEG is presented for unsupervised segmentation of homogeneous regions in gray-scale images. Instead of intensity quantization, an automatic classification method based on scale space-based clustering is used for nonparametric clustering of image data set. Then EM algorithm with classification achieved by space-based classification scheme as initial data used to achieve Gaussian mixture modelling of image data set that is utilized for the calculation of soft J value. Original region growing algorithm is then used to segment the image based on the multiscale soft J-images. Experiments show that the new method can overcome the limitations of JSEG successfully.
