Mother-child dyads (n = 66) participated in this project. The empathic responsiveness and helping behavior of children aged from 17 months to 32 months were assessed in the laboratory setting. Child and parent informa...Mother-child dyads (n = 66) participated in this project. The empathic responsiveness and helping behavior of children aged from 17 months to 32 months were assessed in the laboratory setting. Child and parent information was obtained by questionnaires. The results showed:(1) Most of the children took less time to give empathic response to their mothers’ painful face;(2) The styles of child empathy consisted of verbal comfort, direct and indirect comfort behaviors. Some children had empathic response but comfort;(3) Contrasting to others, the children, who helped spontaneously the research assistant to clean up toys during free play, gave empathic response to their mother more quickly;(4) The children using various empathic styles were found to be significantly different in the activity level and threshold of responsiveness of temperament.展开更多
A novel simple two-dimensional square-lattice model of amphiphile at oil-water interface is developed,in which oil and water act as solvent and occupy empty sites and amphiphile occupies chains of sites. In this mode...A novel simple two-dimensional square-lattice model of amphiphile at oil-water interface is developed,in which oil and water act as solvent and occupy empty sites and amphiphile occupies chains of sites. In this model, the oil-water interface is fixed, And amphiphile molecules will be enriched at the oil-water interface. The interfacial concentration of amphiphile calculated by Monte Carlo method shows that it is easier for the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balanced amphiphile to stay at the interface. And the adsorption of amphiphile increases with the increase of amphiphile concentration and the decrease with temperature.展开更多
The objective of the work involves the synthesis of comb-like amphiphilic cationic polymers with repeating units methacylamides laterally substituted by a group containing a quaternary ammonium site and a hydrophobic ...The objective of the work involves the synthesis of comb-like amphiphilic cationic polymers with repeating units methacylamides laterally substituted by a group containing a quaternary ammonium site and a hydrophobic n-alkyl side chain with 8-10 carbon atoms. Two synthesis methods were developed successfully. The first method is consisted to synthesizing first amphiphilic cationic methacrylamide monomers. In the second method the tertiary amine groups of polymers precursors were quaternised with various n-alkyl bromides. All the polymers obtained in this way were characterized by spectroscopic methods： 1^H NMR and by viscometry. The reduced viscosity of hydro-alcoholic polymer solution decreases with polymer concentration. Viscometry study showed that these polymers display typical polysoap behavior in hydro-alcoholic mixtures.展开更多
文摘Mother-child dyads (n = 66) participated in this project. The empathic responsiveness and helping behavior of children aged from 17 months to 32 months were assessed in the laboratory setting. Child and parent information was obtained by questionnaires. The results showed:(1) Most of the children took less time to give empathic response to their mothers’ painful face;(2) The styles of child empathy consisted of verbal comfort, direct and indirect comfort behaviors. Some children had empathic response but comfort;(3) Contrasting to others, the children, who helped spontaneously the research assistant to clean up toys during free play, gave empathic response to their mother more quickly;(4) The children using various empathic styles were found to be significantly different in the activity level and threshold of responsiveness of temperament.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 29736170)and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No. RC01051).
文摘A novel simple two-dimensional square-lattice model of amphiphile at oil-water interface is developed,in which oil and water act as solvent and occupy empty sites and amphiphile occupies chains of sites. In this model, the oil-water interface is fixed, And amphiphile molecules will be enriched at the oil-water interface. The interfacial concentration of amphiphile calculated by Monte Carlo method shows that it is easier for the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balanced amphiphile to stay at the interface. And the adsorption of amphiphile increases with the increase of amphiphile concentration and the decrease with temperature.
文摘The objective of the work involves the synthesis of comb-like amphiphilic cationic polymers with repeating units methacylamides laterally substituted by a group containing a quaternary ammonium site and a hydrophobic n-alkyl side chain with 8-10 carbon atoms. Two synthesis methods were developed successfully. The first method is consisted to synthesizing first amphiphilic cationic methacrylamide monomers. In the second method the tertiary amine groups of polymers precursors were quaternised with various n-alkyl bromides. All the polymers obtained in this way were characterized by spectroscopic methods： 1^H NMR and by viscometry. The reduced viscosity of hydro-alcoholic polymer solution decreases with polymer concentration. Viscometry study showed that these polymers display typical polysoap behavior in hydro-alcoholic mixtures.
