Objectives A nurse duty roster is usually prepared monthly in a hospital ward.It is common for nurses to make duty shift requests prior to scheduling.A ward manager normally spends more than a working day to manually ...Objectives A nurse duty roster is usually prepared monthly in a hospital ward.It is common for nurses to make duty shift requests prior to scheduling.A ward manager normally spends more than a working day to manually prepare and subsequently to optimally adjust the schedule upon staff requests and hospital policies.This study aimed to develop an automatic nurse roster scheduling system with the use of open-source operational research tools by taking into account the hospital standards and the constraints from nurses.Methods Artificial intelligence and end user tools operational research tools were used to develop the code for the nurse duty roster scheduling system.To compare with previous research on various heuristics in employee scheduling,the current system was developed on open architecture and adopted with real shift duty requirements in a hospital ward.Results The schedule can be generated within 1 min under both hard and soft constraint optimization.All hard constraints are fulfilled and most nurse soft constraints could be met.Compared with those schedules prepared manually,the computer-generated schedules were more optimally adjusted as real time interaction among nurses and management personnel.The generated schedules were flexible to cope with daily and hourly duty changes by redeploying ward staff in order to maintain safe staffing levels.Conclusions An economical but yet highly efficient and user friendly solution to nurse roster scheduling system has been developed and adopted using open-source operational research methodology.The open-source platform is found to perform satisfactorily in scheduling application.The system can be implemented to different wards in hospitals and be regularly updated with new hospital polices and nurse manpower by hospital information personnel with training in artificial intelligence.展开更多
Montmartre Jazz House in Copenhagen became one of the most famous venues in Europe. This paper describes its history,, from the first concert performed by the American jazz musician George Lewis and His New Orleans Or...Montmartre Jazz House in Copenhagen became one of the most famous venues in Europe. This paper describes its history,, from the first concert performed by the American jazz musician George Lewis and His New Orleans Orchestra to the turbulent and economical difficult years in the 1970＇s when the owner, Herluf Kamp-Larsen, had to declare himself bankrupt. A couple of Danish jazz musicians, trumpet player Palle Mikkelborg （1941-） and pianist Ole Kock Hansen （1945-）, explain the importance of the venue, and some of the most legendary jazz musicians that were hired during the clubs history are mentioned. The paper is based upon the author＇s book upon the venue and gives a survey of the history of Montmartre Jazz House. The research for the book includes lots of concert reviews, interviews with many musicians, members of the staff and Herluf Kamp-Larsen, and besides, the writer had access to the archive of the jazz house.展开更多
Social Work Education is imposing special education training for individuals by specialized organizations, institutions or professional, to make them meet the practical requirements of the social work profession in te...Social Work Education is imposing special education training for individuals by specialized organizations, institutions or professional, to make them meet the practical requirements of the social work profession in terms of expertise, skills, and professional ethics as well as practical experience, to complete individual professional socialization process. As the train qualified social workers as well as an important foundation for the development of professional knowledge and practice patterns and key links, Social Work Education must continue to respond to the international trend of the social work professional development, meanwhile it should base on the local characteristics in national conditions, in province situation and even the city situation, to build a large social work personnel, and ultimately serve for the development and stability of the local society.展开更多
This article deals with the important experience of regional planning developed by the CESP （Companhia Energ6tica de Silo Paulo）, Brazil, through the implantation of its hydroelectric projects. The company accumulat...This article deals with the important experience of regional planning developed by the CESP （Companhia Energ6tica de Silo Paulo）, Brazil, through the implantation of its hydroelectric projects. The company accumulated a large experience in deploying and managing residential centers built to provide support to the works of their dams. The presence of urban planning was verified in all cases studied, with the participation of different professionals such as architects, planners, engineers and landscape designers, from inside or outside the company. This research shows that they used concepts derived from experiences as company towns of 19th century, the neighborhood unit, the garden city, the urbanistic assumptions from CIAM （Congr^s Internationaux d＇Architecture Moderne） and the TVA （Tennessee Valley Authority）.展开更多
文摘Objectives A nurse duty roster is usually prepared monthly in a hospital ward.It is common for nurses to make duty shift requests prior to scheduling.A ward manager normally spends more than a working day to manually prepare and subsequently to optimally adjust the schedule upon staff requests and hospital policies.This study aimed to develop an automatic nurse roster scheduling system with the use of open-source operational research tools by taking into account the hospital standards and the constraints from nurses.Methods Artificial intelligence and end user tools operational research tools were used to develop the code for the nurse duty roster scheduling system.To compare with previous research on various heuristics in employee scheduling,the current system was developed on open architecture and adopted with real shift duty requirements in a hospital ward.Results The schedule can be generated within 1 min under both hard and soft constraint optimization.All hard constraints are fulfilled and most nurse soft constraints could be met.Compared with those schedules prepared manually,the computer-generated schedules were more optimally adjusted as real time interaction among nurses and management personnel.The generated schedules were flexible to cope with daily and hourly duty changes by redeploying ward staff in order to maintain safe staffing levels.Conclusions An economical but yet highly efficient and user friendly solution to nurse roster scheduling system has been developed and adopted using open-source operational research methodology.The open-source platform is found to perform satisfactorily in scheduling application.The system can be implemented to different wards in hospitals and be regularly updated with new hospital polices and nurse manpower by hospital information personnel with training in artificial intelligence.
文摘Montmartre Jazz House in Copenhagen became one of the most famous venues in Europe. This paper describes its history,, from the first concert performed by the American jazz musician George Lewis and His New Orleans Orchestra to the turbulent and economical difficult years in the 1970＇s when the owner, Herluf Kamp-Larsen, had to declare himself bankrupt. A couple of Danish jazz musicians, trumpet player Palle Mikkelborg （1941-） and pianist Ole Kock Hansen （1945-）, explain the importance of the venue, and some of the most legendary jazz musicians that were hired during the clubs history are mentioned. The paper is based upon the author＇s book upon the venue and gives a survey of the history of Montmartre Jazz House. The research for the book includes lots of concert reviews, interviews with many musicians, members of the staff and Herluf Kamp-Larsen, and besides, the writer had access to the archive of the jazz house.
文摘Social Work Education is imposing special education training for individuals by specialized organizations, institutions or professional, to make them meet the practical requirements of the social work profession in terms of expertise, skills, and professional ethics as well as practical experience, to complete individual professional socialization process. As the train qualified social workers as well as an important foundation for the development of professional knowledge and practice patterns and key links, Social Work Education must continue to respond to the international trend of the social work professional development, meanwhile it should base on the local characteristics in national conditions, in province situation and even the city situation, to build a large social work personnel, and ultimately serve for the development and stability of the local society.
文摘This article deals with the important experience of regional planning developed by the CESP （Companhia Energ6tica de Silo Paulo）, Brazil, through the implantation of its hydroelectric projects. The company accumulated a large experience in deploying and managing residential centers built to provide support to the works of their dams. The presence of urban planning was verified in all cases studied, with the participation of different professionals such as architects, planners, engineers and landscape designers, from inside or outside the company. This research shows that they used concepts derived from experiences as company towns of 19th century, the neighborhood unit, the garden city, the urbanistic assumptions from CIAM （Congr^s Internationaux d＇Architecture Moderne） and the TVA （Tennessee Valley Authority）.
