基于手机信令数据的宁德市蕉城区人流活力分析

针对低等级城市的人流活力研究存在的数据稀疏、研究分析角度局限等问题,结合低等级城市的数据特点,深入探讨低等级城市的人流活力分析方法。从空间对人流的吸引力、空间活动多样性以及空间人流共享性多视角出发,利用网格人流重访强度、网格活动混合度以及网格人流交互网络中心性等3个特征量,建立顾及活动类型及空间交互的低等级城市人流活力分析框架,并通过莫兰指数分析人流空间集聚程度。以宁德市蕉城区兴趣点(point of interest,POI)数据和含年龄区间的手机信令数据为例,进行城区人流活力综合分析。结果表明:蕉城区形成了以19~49岁年龄层为主,蕉南北街道、东侨开发区和城南镇为中心的人流交互网络;蕉城区人流在空间上形成了2个集聚区,在空间上整体存在明显的高-低聚类的分布规律,形成了以高活力集聚区为中心向外扩散逐渐减小的趋势,主要是向北部新城与沿海方向扩散。分析方法从更真实的角度反映城市人流活力,可及时发现发展不均衡地区,为城市空间的全面均衡发展提供依据。

Characterization of a Chinese KCNQ1 mutation （R259H） that shortens repolarization and causes short QT syndrome 2

Objectives To evaluate the association between a KCNQ 1 mutation, R259H, and short QT syndrome （SQTS） and to explore the elec- trophysiological mechanisms underlying their association. Methods We performed genetic screening of SQTS genes in 25 probands and their family members （63 patients）. We used direct sequencing to screen the exons and intron-exon boundaries of candidate genes that en- code ion channels which contribute to the repolarization of the ventricular action potential, including KCNQI, KCNH2, KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNJ2, CACNAlc, CACNB2b and CACNA2D1. In one of the 25 SQTS probands screened, we discovered a KCNQ1 mutation, R259H. We cloned R259H and transiently expressed it in HEK-293 cells; then, currents were recorded using whole cell patch clamp techniques. Results R259H-KCNQ 1 showed significantly increased current density, which was approximately 3-fold larger than that of wild type （WT） after a depolarizing pulse at 1 s. The steady state voltage dependence of the activation and inactivation did not show significant differences between the WT and R259H mutation （P 〉 0.05）, whereas the time constant of deactivation was markedly prolonged in the mutant compared with the WT in terms of the test potentials, which indicated that the deactivation of R259H was markedly slower than that of the WT. These results suggested that the R259H mutation can effectively increase the slowly activated delayed rectifier potassium current （Irs） in phase 3 of the cardiac action potential, which may be an infrequent cause of QT interval shortening. Conclusions R259H is a gain-of-function muta- tion of the KCNQ1 channel that is responsible for SQTS2. This is the first time that the R259H mutation was detected in Chinese people.

A Study of English Film Title Translation ---From the Perspective of Adaptation Theory

As the exchange between Chinese and Western cultures gets increasingly frequent, the English films have already become an indispensable kind of cultural ＂product＂ in Chinese people＇s lives. In the pursuit of box office today, a good English film title translation can not only attract more attention, but also become an important standard to judge a film＇s value. However, the translation of English film title has not got enough attention at home or abroad, and good translations of English film titles are few and far between. Based on requirements of English film title translation, this paper discusses problems in English film title translation, into which this paper applies adaptation theory to solving existing problems.