人参白茅根汤联合康复新液对肛瘘术后切口愈合效果及对血清TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6水平的影响

目的探讨人参白茅根汤联合康复新液对肛瘘术后切口愈合的效果及对血清肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)和白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)水平影响。方法选取南充市中心医院收治的肛瘘患者124例,患者均行肛瘘切开挂线术,随机分为对照组(64例,康复新液)和观察组(60例,人参白茅根汤联合康复新液),两组持续治疗10 d,对比两组临床疗效、创面愈合时间和创面面积、临床症状评分、血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β水平及血清成纤维细胞生长因子-1(fibroblast growth factor-1,FGF-1)、血管内皮细胞生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)及创面表皮生长因子(wound epidermal growth factor,EGF)浓度水平的改变情况。结果观察组总有效率更高(P<0.05);观察组创面愈合时间和术后7 d和10 d创面面积治疗后较对照组更低(P<0.05),而两组术后2 d的创面面积比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组临床症状的评分治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后疼痛、创面分泌物的评分以及创缘水肿的评分方面,两组治疗后均下降明显(P<0.05);且观察组的下降程度更为明显(P<0.05);治疗前两组血清内的IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β浓度水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而两组治疗后血清内的IL-6、TNF-α浓度水平下降明显,而血清内的IL-1β浓度水平升高(P<0.05);且观察组下降更为明显(P<0.05);两组治疗前血清内的FGF-1、VEGF和EGF浓度水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后两组血清FGF-1、VEGF和EGF水平显著升高(P<0.05);且观察组上升更为明显(P<0.05)。结论术后肛瘘病人实施康复新液结合人参白茅根汤治疗具有较好的疗效,可改善血清TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6水平。

白虎加人参汤治疗糖尿病研究进展

糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)是临床常见的代谢性疾病,其典型表现为多饮、多食、多尿或消瘦等,与中医的消渴病接近,可归属于“消渴”范畴。中国是世界上DM患病率增长最快的国家之一。而其发病率、致残率逐年上升,造成社会巨大的经济负担。白虎加人参汤出自《伤寒杂病论》,由石膏、知母、甘草、粳米、人参等组成。白虎加人参汤作为清气分热盛、主治气津两伤的中医经方,治疗火热迫肺、上消多饮者效如桴鼓。依照DM的基本病机,白虎加人参汤可单用或联合诸如胰岛素等化学药物来治疗DM。近年来,越来越多的临床研究证明白虎加人参汤能明显改善DM患者糖代谢异常、血脂紊乱、胰岛素抵抗等病理状态,同时还可以干预体内的炎症状态、氧化应激水平,对于DM并发症如糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA)、血管并发症、抑郁症等具有良好的治疗效果,因其具有安全性高、不良反应小等特点,被广泛应用于代谢性疾病、呼吸系疾病等多个系统疾病的治疗中。该文检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据、Pubmed等数据库从理论基础研究、临床疗效研究和实验机制研究3个方面,将近年来白虎加人参汤治疗DM的报道研究做一详细综述,以期为以后深入阐明白虎加人参汤治疗DM的作用机制和该方的开发及临床推广提供一定的科学参考。

白虎加人参汤联合胰岛素强化治疗糖尿病酮症酸中毒对血气指标及氧化应激的影响

目的 研究白虎加人参汤联合胰岛素强化治疗糖尿病酮症酸中毒对血气指标及氧化应激的影响。方法 将73例急诊糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA)患者按照随机对照实验原则均分为观察组38例(白虎加人参汤联合胰岛素治疗)和对照组35例(单纯胰岛素治疗),比较两组治疗效果、血气指标、氧化应激指标以及中医证候积分。结果 治疗后,两组临床有效率分别为92.11%(35/38)和74.29%(26/35),差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05);两组pH值、碳酸氢根(HCO3~-)、剩余碱的水平均显著高于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组升高幅度大于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者血气指标中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总抗氧化能力(TAC)的含量均比治疗前高,MDA的含量比治疗前低;且观察组患者血气指标中的SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、TAC的含量均比对照组高,MDA的含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的中医临床证候积分都相较于治疗前有所降低(P<0.05),观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 给予急诊DKA患者白虎加人参汤联合胰岛素治疗能够早期有效控制病情,促进血气指标恢复,能够显著提升临床疗效,改善临床证候,具有推广价值。

Skin care efficacy study of recombinant humanized collagen based on in vitro level

Studying the skin care efficacy of recombinant humanized collagen based on in vitro level.The stability of the recombinant humanized collagen was first analyzed by treating at different temperatures,then its skincare efficacy based on in vitro level was evaluated by detecting the inhibition rate of elastase,the inhibition rate of collagenase,the protein content of type I collagen in human fibroblasts,the inhibition of reactive oxygen species(ROS)with human keratinocytes,and the effects of the recombinant humanized collagen on the expression of hyaluronic acid(HA),filaggrin(FLG)and transglutaminase 1(TGM1)in keratinocytes.The results showed that recombinant humanized collagen was able to maintain stability at temperatures below 70℃.With regard to its skincare efficacy,recombinant humanized collagen could inhibit elastase and collagenase activities and promote the increase of type I collagen content in human fibroblasts.It also showed good inhibition of ROS in keratinocytes in vitro and could increase the expression of HA,FLG,and TGM1 in keratinocytes.In short,the recombinant humanized collagen exhibited a favourable skin care effect in vitro level.This study proved that it has potential firming,anti-wrinkle,moisturizing,and repairing efficacy,and is a valuable cosmetic raw material.

The in vitro Anti Hptocarcinoma Effects of Human Interleukin-12 from Transgenic Potato

[Objective]The aim was to examine the anti heptocarcinoma effects of human interleukin-12（hIL-12） from transgenic potatoes.[Method]Human heptocarcinoma cell line HepG22.2.15 was cocultured with human peripherial blood monocyte（PBMC）.Human IL-12 extracted from its transgenic patatoes was introduced to this coculture system.MTT method and laser confocal microscope were then employed to evaluate its survival rates and morphological changes of HepG22.2.15 cell line.[Result]The HepG22.2.15 survival rate of the plant produced hIL-12 treated group was significantly lower than that of the wild type control,while similar to that of commercial purified recombinant hIL-12 group.As indicated by AnnexinV/PI double staining laser confocal microscope,cocultured heptocarcinoma cells showed the typical early and final phase apoptotic morphological characteristics 48 hours after 2 × 10-4 mg/L potato secreted hIL-12 treatment.[Conclusion] These results demonstrated that Heptocarcinoma HepG22.2.15 cell growth could be actively inhibited by the transgenic potato expressed hIL-12 in vitro.

Affinity Chromatography Purification of Recombinant Human Interleukin-6 from Its Fusion Protein with GST

Recombinant E.coli JM109, containing pHZ1818 plasmid which included the fused gene encoding human interleukin 6(IL 6), expressed a fusion protein with glutathion S transferase(GST). The fusion protein existed both in the supernatant and inside the bacterial cell,but the insoluble protein had no biological activity and could not be refolded. The rotative speed of the shaker and the temperature of induction were optimized to maximize the expression of the soluble fusion protein. From the supernatant of the cell sonicates Glutathion Sephrose 4B affinity column chromatography was employed to isolate the fusion protein which could be purified to >80 0 0 in a single step. The yield of soluble GST IL 6 was about 10 mg per liter culture. The GST was site specifically cloven by 6 hours of treatment with thrombin and from the thrombin digest mixture IL 6 was purified by Q high performance ion exchange chromatography. From 1 liter of E.coli culture 2 mg refined IL 6 was obtained. The purified IL 6 had a purity of more than 95 0 0 and a biological activity of 1.02×10 8 IU/mg.

Changes of Monoanine Levels in Different Brain Regionsof Rat with Ventral GIobus Pailidus Injured by KainicAcid Injection

Ventral globus pallidus-injured rats by kainic acid(10 mg) were used to derter-mine the monoamine levels in four different brain regions.In this model,a great decrease of NE con-centration was observed in both hippocampus and frontal cortex compared with nonnal contro.This result hints that a damage of noradrenergic neurons in this model has occurred. DA concentrations in the four brain zones after kainic acid injection were all reduced, but only in the frontal cortex and striatum the pronounced reductions were discovered while DA turnover rates in frontal cortex, stria-tum and meddullapons were significantly reduced. These results revealed a DA metabolic disorder occurring in these regions.However,5-HT concentrations as well as DBH activity, expressed by ratio of NE/DA,showed no marked difference in this model. In our study it is found that the changes of monoamine levels in this model basically reflect those discovered in AD patients.

Home range and habitat composition of male Reeves's Pheasants in an agricultural-forest plantation landscape in central China:a preliminary report

We present a preliminary examination of the home range and habitat use of male Reeves's Pheasants (Syrmaticus reevesii) in an agricultural-forest plantation landscape on the Xianjuding Forest Farm, Hubei Province, central China. Fieldwork was carried out from March to August in 2003. The home range of males averaged 33.17 ± 12.55 ha by MCP (minimum convex polygon) and 21.05 ± 5.61 ha by a 95% fixed kernel estimator. The core area by a 60% fixed kernel estimator was 3.92 ± 0.27 ha. We did not detect significant seasonal variations in home range, core area and movement in this farm. Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations were the dominant habitat type within the home ranges and core areas. The males used their habitat non-randomly in spring and summer, preferred the fir plantations and avoided broadleaf forests in both seasons. In addition, the males used shrubs less than were available in the spring. The vegetation structure of different habitats may be the leading factor affecting the use of the habitats.

Human Pro-insulin Transgenic Calf Derived from Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

The current study was undertaken to evaluate the possibility of producing a human pro-insulin transgenic cow by means of somatic cell nuclear transfer （SCNT）. A double selection system, Neomycin resistance （Neo^r） gene and enhanced green fluorescent protein （EGFP） gene linked through an inner ribosomal entry site （IRES） sequence directed by a Cytomegalovirus （CMV） promoter, was used for enrichment and selection of the transgenic cells and preimplantation embryos. Transgenes were introduced into bovine fetal fibroblast cells （BFF） cultured in vitro through electroporation （900 V/cm, 5 ms）. Transgenic bovine fibroblast cells （TBF） were enriched through addition of G418 in culture medium （800 μg/mL）. Before being used as a nuclear donor, the TBF cells were either cultured in normal conditions （10% FBS） or treated with serum starvation （0.5% FBS for 2-4 days） followed by 10 hours recovery for G1 phase synchronization. Transgenic cloned embryos were produced through GFP-expressing cell selection and SCNT. The results were the percentage of blastocyst development following SCNT was lower using TBF than BFF cells （23.2% VS 35.2%, P 〈 0.05）. No difference in the percentage of cloned blastocysts between the two groups of transgenic nuclear donor of normal and starvation cultures were observed （23.2% VS 18.9%, P 〉 0.05）. Two to four GFP-expressing blastocysts were transferred into the uterus of each synchronised recipient. One pregnancy from of seven recipients （21 embryos） was confirmed by rectum palpation 60 days after embryo transfer and one recipient has given birth to a calf at term. PCR and DNA sequencing analysis confirmed that the calf was produced using human proinsulin transgenic animal.

Comparison of Protein Content among Non-diapause Pupae,Diapause Pupae and Eclosion-adult from Diapause Pupae of Papilio memnon

[ Objective] The experiment aimed to explore the diapause mechanism of Papilio memnon L. further. [ Method] The colorimetry method was used to detect protein content of non-diapause pupae, diapause pupae and eclosion-adult from diapause pupae at different developmental stages. [Result] It was showed that the protein content of non-diapause pupae was from 111.768 to 115.030 7 mg/g and the change of protein content during whole pupal stage, while diapause pupae were from 81.218 to 131.623 7 mg/g and the change of protein content was not big from last ten-day period of October to last ten-day pariod of November, however, the content increased from the last ten-day period of November. The protein content of emerging adult was 296.969 3 mg/g. [Conclusion] The change of protein content was related to Papilio memnon at different development stage.

Relationship of human leukocyte antigen class II genes with the susceptibility to hepatitis B virus infection and the response to interferon in HBV-infected patients

AIM： To study the relationship of human leukocyte antigen （HLA）-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles with the genetic susceptibility to HBV infection and the response to interferon （IFN） in HBV-infected patients. METHODS： Low-resolution DNA typing kit was used to determine HLA-DR-1 and -DQB1 genes in 72 patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB） and HLA-DRB1 in 200 healthy people ready to donate their bone marrow in Shanghai. Among CHB patients, 35 were treated with IFNα-1b for 24 wk. RESULTS： The frequencies of HLA-DRBI＊06, DRBI＊08 and DRB1＊16 alleles in 72 patients were higher than in 200 healthy people （2.08% vs0%, OR = 3.837, P= 0.018; 11.11% vs5.50%, OR = 2.148, P= 0.034; and 6.94% vs 3.00%, OR = 0.625, P = 0.049, respectively）; whereas that of DRBI＊07 allele was lower （2.78% vs 7.75%, OR = 0.340, P= 0.046）. The frequency of HLA-DRBI＊ 14 allele was higher in 11 responders to IFN compared with 24 non-responders （18.18% vs2.08%, OR = 10.444, P = 0.031）, whereas that of DQBI＊07 allele was inverse （9.09% vs37.50%, OR = 0.167, P= 0.021）. CONCLUSION： The polymorphism of HLA class II may influence the susceptibility to HBV infection and the response to IFN in studied CHB patients. Compared with other HLA-DRB1 alleles, HLA-DRBI＊06, DRBI＊08, and DRB1＊16 may be associated with chronicity of HBV infection, HLA-DRBI＊07 with protection against HBV infection, and HLA-DRB1＊14 allele may be associated with a high rate of the response of CHB patients to IFN treatment. Compared with other HLA-DQB1 alleles, HLA-DQBI＊07 may be associated with low response rate to IFN. 2005 The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Specific HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma:A meta-analysis

AIM:To evaluate the association of human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-DQB1 alleles with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) through meta-analysis of published data.METHODS:Case-control studies on HLA-DQB1 allele association with HCC published up to January 2010 were included in the analyses.The odds ratios(ORs) of HLADQB1 allele distributions in HCC patients were analyzed and compared with healthy controls.The meta-analysis software REVMAN 5.0 was applied for investigating heterogeneity among individual studies and for summarizing all the studies.A meta-analysis was performed using fixed-effect or random-effect methods,depending on the absence or presence of significant heterogeneity.Seven case-control studies containing 398 cases and 594 controls were included in the final analysis.RESULTS:Among the five family alleles,two(DQB1*02 and DQB1*03) were found to be significantly associated with the risk of HCC.The combined OR for the association of DQB1*02 and DQB1*03 allele with the risk for HCC was 1.78(95% CI:1.05-3.03,P = 0.03) and 0.65(95% CI:0.48-0.89,P = 0.007),respectively.Among the 13 specific alleles,two(DQB1*0502 and DQB1*0602) were significantly associated with risk of HCC.The combined OR for the association of DQB1*0502 and DQB1*0602 allele with the risk for HCC was 1.82(95% CI:1.14-2.92,P = 0.01) and 0.58(95% CI:0.36-0.95,P = 0.03),respectively.No significant association was established for other HLA-DQB1 family alleles and specific alleles.CONCLUSION:Our results support the hypothesis that specific HLA-DQB1 allele families and alleles might influence the susceptibility or resistance to HCC,although it needs further investigations.

Modulatory Effect of Rg_1 on the Activity of ProteinTyrosine Kinase of Lymphocytes in the Elderly

The effect of Rg1,a saponin extracted froin Panax ginseng, on the phenotype,receptor and the activity of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) of lymphocytes isolated from 7 healthy oldpersons were studied. The CD25, CD45RA and CD45RO phenotypes of lymphocytes were 4eter-mined by indirect immunofluorescence technique. The percentage of CD25, CD45RA and CD45ROpositive lymphocytes was 38.3%±17.3%, 46.0% 15.1%, and 52.6%±14.1% respectively after incu-bation with PHA (5 μ±/ml) for 72 hours. However, there were 58.0%±12.5%, CD25, 64.1% ± 12.4%,CD45RA, and 74.0%±8.0%, CD45RO positive cells in the presence of Rg, ( 1μg/ml) along with PHA(5 μg/ml) over the sanie period of incubation. A significant increase was induced by Rgi (P<0.05).The activities of PTK in the cytoplasm and membrane of lymphocytes were measured by ELISAmcthod after incubation with PHA or PHA+Rg1. The absorbance value of PTK activity in cytoplasmafter 72 hr incubation was 0. 120±0.020 in PHA group, but 0. 1 38±0.015 in PHA+Rg1 group. In thelymphocyte membrane, it was 0.374± 0.060 in PHA group and 0.403 ± 0.008 in PHA+Rg1 group(P<0.001). These results showed that Rgi significantly arid simultaneously increased both the PT Kactivity and the expression of phenotype of lymphocytes.

Function of GATA transcription factors in hydroxyurea-induced HEL cells

HEL cells, a human erythroleukemia cell line, mainly express the fetal (r)globin gene and trace amount of the embryonic (E)globin gene, but not adult (B) globin gene. Here we show that hydroxyurea (HU) can induce HEL cells to express adult (B) globin gene and lead these cells to terminal differentiation. Results showed in Gel mobility shift assays that GATA factors could specifically bind to the regulatory elements of human B- globin gene, including the proximal regulatory element (the B- promoter) and the distal regulatory elements (the DNase I hypersensitive sites in the LCR, HS2-HS4 core sequences). However, the DNA binding patterns of GATA factors were quite different between HU-induced and uninduced HEL cells. Western-blot analysis of nuclear extracts from both the uninduced and HU- induced HEL cells revealed that the level of GATA-2 transcription factor decreased, whereas the level of GATA-1 transcription factor increased following the time of hydroxyurea induction. Furthermore, using RT-PCR analysis the expression of human B-globin gene in HU-induced HEL cells could be blocked again when HEL cells were incubated in the presence of antisense oligonucleotides for hGATA-1, suggesting that the upregulation of hGATA-1 transcription factor might be critical for the expression of human β- globin gene in HU-induced HEL cells.

A comparative review of HLA associations with hepatitis Band C viral infections across global populations

Hepatitis B （HBV） and hepatitis C （HCV） viral infection or co-infection leads to risk of development of chronic infection, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Immigration and globalization have added to the challenges of public health concerns regarding chronic HBV and HCV infections worldwide. The aim of this study is to review existing global literature across ethnic populations on HBV and HCV related human leukocyte antigen （HLA） associations in relation to susceptibility, viral persistence and treatment. Extensive literature search was conducted to explore the HLA associations in HBV and HCV infections reported across global populations over the past decade to understand the knowledge status, weaknesses and strengths of this information in different ethnic populations. HLA DR13 is consistently associated with HBV clearance globally. HLADRB1＊11/＊12 alleles and DQB1＊0301 are associated with HBV persistence but with HCV clearance worldwide. Consistent association of DRB1＊03 and ＊07 is observed with HCV susceptibility and non-responsiveness to HBV vaccination across the population. HLA DR13 is protective for vertical HBV and HCV transmission in Chinese and Italian neonates, but different alleles are associated with their susceptibility in these populations. HLA class I molecule interactions with Killer cell immunoglobulin like receptors （KIR） of natural killer （NK） cells modulate HCV infection outcome via regulating immune regulatory cells and molecules. HLA associations with HBV vaccination, interferon therapy in HBV and HCV, and with extra hepatic manifestations of viral hepatitis are also discussed. Systematic studies in compliance with global regulatory standards are required to identify the HLA specific viral epitope, stage specific T cell populations interacting with different HLA alleles during disease progression and viral clearance of chronic HBV or HCV infections among different ethnic populations. These studies would facilitate stage specific therapeutic strategies for clearance of HBV and HCV infections or co-infections across global populations and aid in identification of HBV-HCV combined vaccine. HLA associations of chronic HBV or HCV development with confounding host factors including alcohol, drug abuse, insulin resistance, age and gender are lacking and warrant detailed investigation across global populations.

Influence of expressed TRAIL on biophysical properties of the human leukemic cell line Jurkat

The cDNA fragment of human TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand) was cloned into RevTet-On, a Tetregulated and high-level gene expression system. The gene expression system was constructed in a human leukemic cell line: Jurkat. By using RevTet-On TRAIL gene expression system in Jurkat as a cell model, we studied the influence of TRAIL gene on the changes of cellular apoptosis before and after the TRAIL gene expression, which was induced by adding tetracycline derivative doxycycline (Dox). The results indicated that the cellular apoptosis ratio was largely dependent on the TRAIL gene expression level. Moreover, it was found that the apoptosis-inducing TRAIL could cause significant changes in the biophysical properties of Jurkat cells. The cell surface charge density decreased, the membrane fluidity declined, the elastic coefficients K_I increased, and the proportion of α-helix in membrane protein secondary structure decreased. Thus, the apoptosis-inducing TRAIL gene caused significant changes on the biomechanic properties of Jurkat cells.

Relationship between the downregulation of HLA class Ⅰ antigen and clinicopathological significance in gastric cancer

AIM:To discuss the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class Ⅰ antigens in gastric cancer and correlate these with pathologic type and TNM stage. METHODS: The expression of HLA class Ⅰ antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry in 185 specimens of gastric cancer, 20 gastric cancer specimens with lymphatic metastasis and 22 controls of normal gastric mucosa using four monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: The expression of HLA class Ⅰ antigen (B/C locus) was significantly downregulated in gastric cancer and in lymphatic metastasis than that in normal gastric mucosa (x2=7.712, P<0.05). The expression of other HLA class Ⅰ antigens was also downregulated, but the change was slight. There was no relationship between the downregulation of HLA class Ⅰ antigen and that of β2m and LMP2. The expression of HLA class Ⅰ (B/C locus) was statistically correlated with pathologic stage in gastric adenocarcinoma (x2=4.164,P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The expression of HLA class Ⅰ antigen (B/C locus) was obviously downregulated in gastric cancer and in lymphatic metastasis. This abnormal expression would provide the tumor cells with a way to avoid immunological recognition.

INFLUENCE OF QUERCETIN AND X-RAY ON COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS OF CULTURED HUMAN KELOID-DERIVED FIBROBLASTS

Objoctive To investigate the effects of quercetin and X-ray on collagen synthesis of cultured human keloid-derived fibroblast and the mechanism. Methods Collagen synthesis of cultured human keloid and normal fibroblasts were detected by hydroxyproline colorimetric analysis. Immunocytochemical staining was used to investigate collagen I and III expression, mRNA expression of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ, and transforming growth factor （ TGF）-β1 were assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and real-time PCR. Results Quercetin inhibited the collagen synthesis of both keloid and normal fibroblasts in a dose-dependent man- ner. Immunocytochemical staining indicated that collagenⅠ and Ⅲ were down-regulated by quercetin and X-ray （P 〈 0.05 ）, particularly collagen I （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. mRNA expression of both collagen I and III in quercetin groups significantly decreased compared with that in control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, especially in the group treated with both quercetin and X-ray （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. mRNA level of TGF-[31 gene was down-regulated by quercertin （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Quercetin will probably be one of the new medicines which could effectively treat keloid. Quercetin combined with X-ray could reduce the dose of radiation.

Binding interactions of pefloxacin mesylate with bovine lactoferrin and human serum albumin

The binding of pefloxacin mesylate （PFLX） to bovine lactoferrin （BLf） and human serum albumin （HSA） in dilute aqueous solution was studied using fluorescence spectra and absorbance spectra. The binding constant K and the binding sites n were obtained by fluorescence quenching method. The binding distance r and energy-transfer efficiency E between pefloxacin mesylate and bovine lactoferrin as well as human serum albumin were also obtained according to the mechanism of Forster-type dipole-dipole nonradiative energy-transfer. The effects of pefloxacin mesylate on the conformations of bovine lactoferrin and human serum albumin were also analyzed using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy.

Recombinant human interleukin-11 for treatment of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in patients with gastrointestinal cancer

Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human interleukin-11 （rhIL-11） for the chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods： It was an opened and non-randomized controlled clinical study. When the platelet counts was under 75 × 10^9/L after chemotherapy, rhlL-11 was administered 25 μg/（kg·d） as a daily SC injection last for 7-14 days, or discontinued when platelet counts 〉 100 × 10^9/L. Results： Seventysix patients were enrolled into this study. The treatment group and the control group had thirty-eight cases, respectively. The mean recovery time to PLT ≥ 100 × 10^9/L was 8.1 days in treatment group, while in control group was 12.2 days （P 〈 0.01）. Moreover, the mean recovery time from PLT 〈_ 50 × 10^9/L to 〉 100 × 10^9/L was 8.9 days in treatment group, while in control group was 12.9 days （P 〈 0.05）. There was a statistical difference between the two groups. Major side effects included edema, fever, articular muscle soreness, but they were all mild and well tolerable. Conclusion： rhIL-11 can be safely and effectively used for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.