Objective: To explore the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines gene in human gliomas and its role in the genesis and development of human gliomas.Methods: Using IL-2 and IFNγ as Th1 type cytokines, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 as...Objective: To explore the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines gene in human gliomas and its role in the genesis and development of human gliomas.Methods: Using IL-2 and IFNγ as Th1 type cytokines, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 as Th2 type cytokines, the biological activity of cytokines in the supernatant of glioma cell lines was assayed by ELISA method, and the gene expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes and glioma cell lines were detected by RT-PCR.Results: There was predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes and glioma cell lines, but there was no such expression in normal brain tissues.Conclusion: It suggested that there is a relationship between the Th2 type cytokines expression in human gliomas and the immunosupressive status of human glioma patients. The predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines may play an important role in the genesis and development of human gliomas. Key words glioma - Th1/Th2 - gene expression - RT-PCR This project was supported by a grant from National Natural Sciences foundation of China (No. 30271335).展开更多
【目的】评价艾可清胶囊联合高效抗病毒逆转录疗法(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)治疗艾滋病(AIDS)患者的有效性和安全性。【方法】将18例患者随机分为2组,每组9例。治疗组在HAART治疗的同时加用中药艾可清胶囊,对照组...【目的】评价艾可清胶囊联合高效抗病毒逆转录疗法(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)治疗艾滋病(AIDS)患者的有效性和安全性。【方法】将18例患者随机分为2组,每组9例。治疗组在HAART治疗的同时加用中药艾可清胶囊,对照组只给予HAART治疗。分别在治疗前、治疗3个月和治疗6个月检测T淋巴细胞亚群,记录症状体征积分(积分1)和症状舌脉积分(积分2),观察体质量和生存质量(卡洛夫斯基积分,Karnovsky Score),检测血常规、肝功能、肾功能及血清淀粉酶以评价艾可清胶囊的安全性。【结果】两组T淋巴细胞亚群各项指标在治疗后均有所改善(P<0.05或P<0.01),但各评价点两组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗组治疗后各评价点证候、体征积分均较对照组下降(P<0.05),卡洛夫斯基积分及体质量较对照组增加(P<0.05或P<0.01)。加用艾可清胶囊未见血常规、肝肾功能及血清淀粉酶异常变化。【结论】艾可清胶囊可有效、安全地缓解因HAART引起的不良反应。展开更多
The study of human-environment relationships in mountain areas is important for both theoretical and practical reasons, as many mountain areas suffer similar problems, such as depopulation, unemployment and natural ha...The study of human-environment relationships in mountain areas is important for both theoretical and practical reasons, as many mountain areas suffer similar problems, such as depopulation, unemployment and natural hazards. Medium mountains constitute a special case within mountains, because they are more populated but less attractive as tourist destinations than high mountains. In this context, the Apuseni Mts （Romania） are considered as a ease study. In this paper, we apply GIS-based, quantitative methods to characterize the strength and dynamics of human-environment interactions, taking into consideration some environmental factors （elevation, relative height, slope, river distance, lithology, land cover, natural attractions） as well as historical population and recent tourism data. We found that population density has strong （r2〉0.8） relationships with all relief factors （elevation, relative height, slope, river distance）, and that best-fit functions are nonlinear. We outlined the varying demographic scenarios by elevation zones and interpreted the historically switching sign of population change versus elevation relationship. We demonstrated that lithology also has an impact on the spatial distribution of population, although it is not independent from the relief effect. The land cover of the mainly cultural landscape is very strongly correlated with relief parameters （especially slope）, which suggests good adaptation. We pointed out the dominance of karst objects in the natural tourism potential of the Apuseni Mts and also explored further components of real tourism （spas, heritage, towns）. Finally, we concluded that the environmental settings investigated do in fact constrain the spatial framework of society, but soeio-economic changes in history can be explained from the side of society, which conforms to the theory of cultural possibilism.展开更多
China clay was employed as an adsorbent for the removal of Mg 2+ from water at pH 7.0 within the temperature range of 303～328 K. The linearity of the plots indicated Langmuir type isotherms. The reaction was ex...China clay was employed as an adsorbent for the removal of Mg 2+ from water at pH 7.0 within the temperature range of 303～328 K. The linearity of the plots indicated Langmuir type isotherms. The reaction was exothermic. A maximum removal of 35% was obtained at 0.50 mmol L -1 metal concentration and a pH of 7.0 at 303 K. The H + rel /Mg 2+ ads ratio changed from a fractional value to 2.5. Strong chemical bondings took place between oxygen atom of the surface and Mg 2+ , resulting in a surface complex species. Temperature had a significant effect on H + rel , and the stability constants also increased with increasing temperature.展开更多
Environmental sociology and the sociology of natural resources are two key subdisciplines of the sociological study on the interactions between nature and human society.Previous discussion on the relationships of thes...Environmental sociology and the sociology of natural resources are two key subdisciplines of the sociological study on the interactions between nature and human society.Previous discussion on the relationships of these two fields has largely focused on their distinctions and synthesis in western(particularly American) academia.Environmental sociology emerged as an important sociological subdiscipline in China in the early 1990s and is under vigorous disciplinary construction at present.By contrast,the sociology of natural resources is still a novel term for most Chinese researchers.This article provides a systematic review of recent literature on the relationships between environmental and natural resource sociologies,which should provide important implications for the further development of environmental sociology in China.展开更多
基金This project was supported by a grant from National Natural Sciences foundation of China(No.30271335).
文摘Objective: To explore the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines gene in human gliomas and its role in the genesis and development of human gliomas.Methods: Using IL-2 and IFNγ as Th1 type cytokines, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 as Th2 type cytokines, the biological activity of cytokines in the supernatant of glioma cell lines was assayed by ELISA method, and the gene expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes and glioma cell lines were detected by RT-PCR.Results: There was predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes and glioma cell lines, but there was no such expression in normal brain tissues.Conclusion: It suggested that there is a relationship between the Th2 type cytokines expression in human gliomas and the immunosupressive status of human glioma patients. The predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines may play an important role in the genesis and development of human gliomas. Key words glioma - Th1/Th2 - gene expression - RT-PCR This project was supported by a grant from National Natural Sciences foundation of China (No. 30271335).
文摘【目的】评价艾可清胶囊联合高效抗病毒逆转录疗法(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)治疗艾滋病(AIDS)患者的有效性和安全性。【方法】将18例患者随机分为2组,每组9例。治疗组在HAART治疗的同时加用中药艾可清胶囊,对照组只给予HAART治疗。分别在治疗前、治疗3个月和治疗6个月检测T淋巴细胞亚群,记录症状体征积分(积分1)和症状舌脉积分(积分2),观察体质量和生存质量(卡洛夫斯基积分,Karnovsky Score),检测血常规、肝功能、肾功能及血清淀粉酶以评价艾可清胶囊的安全性。【结果】两组T淋巴细胞亚群各项指标在治疗后均有所改善(P<0.05或P<0.01),但各评价点两组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗组治疗后各评价点证候、体征积分均较对照组下降(P<0.05),卡洛夫斯基积分及体质量较对照组增加(P<0.05或P<0.01)。加用艾可清胶囊未见血常规、肝肾功能及血清淀粉酶异常变化。【结论】艾可清胶囊可有效、安全地缓解因HAART引起的不良反应。
基金supported by the Hungarian National Science Foundation,OTKA 104811 projectsupported by the János Bolyai Scolarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
文摘The study of human-environment relationships in mountain areas is important for both theoretical and practical reasons, as many mountain areas suffer similar problems, such as depopulation, unemployment and natural hazards. Medium mountains constitute a special case within mountains, because they are more populated but less attractive as tourist destinations than high mountains. In this context, the Apuseni Mts （Romania） are considered as a ease study. In this paper, we apply GIS-based, quantitative methods to characterize the strength and dynamics of human-environment interactions, taking into consideration some environmental factors （elevation, relative height, slope, river distance, lithology, land cover, natural attractions） as well as historical population and recent tourism data. We found that population density has strong （r2〉0.8） relationships with all relief factors （elevation, relative height, slope, river distance）, and that best-fit functions are nonlinear. We outlined the varying demographic scenarios by elevation zones and interpreted the historically switching sign of population change versus elevation relationship. We demonstrated that lithology also has an impact on the spatial distribution of population, although it is not independent from the relief effect. The land cover of the mainly cultural landscape is very strongly correlated with relief parameters （especially slope）, which suggests good adaptation. We pointed out the dominance of karst objects in the natural tourism potential of the Apuseni Mts and also explored further components of real tourism （spas, heritage, towns）. Finally, we concluded that the environmental settings investigated do in fact constrain the spatial framework of society, but soeio-economic changes in history can be explained from the side of society, which conforms to the theory of cultural possibilism.
文摘China clay was employed as an adsorbent for the removal of Mg 2+ from water at pH 7.0 within the temperature range of 303～328 K. The linearity of the plots indicated Langmuir type isotherms. The reaction was exothermic. A maximum removal of 35% was obtained at 0.50 mmol L -1 metal concentration and a pH of 7.0 at 303 K. The H + rel /Mg 2+ ads ratio changed from a fractional value to 2.5. Strong chemical bondings took place between oxygen atom of the surface and Mg 2+ , resulting in a surface complex species. Temperature had a significant effect on H + rel , and the stability constants also increased with increasing temperature.
文摘Environmental sociology and the sociology of natural resources are two key subdisciplines of the sociological study on the interactions between nature and human society.Previous discussion on the relationships of these two fields has largely focused on their distinctions and synthesis in western(particularly American) academia.Environmental sociology emerged as an important sociological subdiscipline in China in the early 1990s and is under vigorous disciplinary construction at present.By contrast,the sociology of natural resources is still a novel term for most Chinese researchers.This article provides a systematic review of recent literature on the relationships between environmental and natural resource sociologies,which should provide important implications for the further development of environmental sociology in China.
