视景增强系统设计中的人素分析

视景增强系统(EVS)一经问世,就引起了各航空公司,特别是美国航空公司的极大重视。因为这种系统能够直接为航空公司节省费用,提高营运的灵活性。它可直接在平显上(或下显上)显示红外、毫米波雷达、激光雷达及地形数据库所提供的数字式图像,引导驾驶员在低能见度条件下安全进近与着陆。从理论上讲,如果EVS能向驾驶员提供足够可靠的视景感知,机场就可不装备昂贵的Ⅲ

虚拟人仿真在家庭装修中的应用探索

笔者围绕家装设计过程中的人素优化问题进行探索,将虚拟人引入到虚拟装修环境中,对厨房布局、人员姿势受力以及疲劳产生等开展针对性研究,并以计算机辅助人素工程软件Jack为手段进行了实例验证。旨在发现家装设计过程中的不合理因素,以提高家装设计效率,并保证布局设计结果的最优化。

Relationship between the cytotoxin-associated gene-A status of H pylori strains and cerebral infarction in European Caucasians and Chinese Han: A meta-analysis

AIM： To study the relationship between the cytotoxinassociated gene-A （CagA） status of H pylori strains and cerebral infarction among European Caucasians and Chinese Han by conducting a meta-analysis.METHODS： Ten case-control studies, with data on a total of 907 cases and 966 controls, were retrieved and considered; disqualified studies were excluded. The included studies were then tested for heterogeneity, and a meta-analysis was performed.RESULTS： The combined data revealed CagA-bearing strains of Hpylori which cause chronic infection are associated with an increased risk of cerebral infarction （OR = 2.66, 950 CI： 2.17-3.26）, but no such relationship was found with CagA-negative strains （OR = 0.74, 95% CI： 0.49-1.10） in the overall population. We performed subgroup analyses, dividing the overall population into European Caucasians and Chinese Han subgroups, and analyzed the studies according to their subgroup classification. Through the subgroup analysis, an association between cerebral infarction and CagAbearing strains was found in both subgroups （OR = 2.60, 95% CI： 1.93-3.49 in Chinese Han; OR = 2.71, 95% CI： 2.05-3.59 in European Caucasians）, but no significant association was found between cerebral infarction and CagA-negative strains （OR = 0.81, 95% CI： 0.45-1.48 in Chinese Han; OR = 0.64, 95% CI： 0.37-1.09 in European Caucasians）.CONCLUSION： These results suggest CagA-bearing strains of H pylori are significantly associated with susceptibility to cerebral infarction in Chinese Han and European Caucasians, but that CagA-negative strains are not a definite predisposing factor in either subgroup. The magnitude of this association with cerebral infarction needs to be confirmed by prospective studies and combined studies of Hpylori eradication.

Impacts of Social and Demographic Factors on Residents' Subjective Well-being in Rural China

The objective of social development is to construct a harmonious society.In China,the key to a harmonious society is the happiness of more than 900 million farmers living in the rural areas.This study aimed to measure rural residents' subjective well-being(SWB) through the day reconstruction method,as well as to analyze SWB's influencing factors through a variety of statistical methods.The results showed that the average U index was 12.79%,indicating that respondents were unhappy 12.79% of the time.Twenty-seven percent of the population had a U index greater than 0,with the average value being 47%,indicating that these people were unhappy 47% of the time.The study also found that SWB varied according to the characteristics of the respondents.Logistic regression analysis showed that social and demographic factors,including age,education,county,household size,generation number,per capita income,migration status and social networking,which significantly affected rural residents' SWB.The size of the impact varied with the different factors.

Current status and influencing factors of post-traumatic growth in maintenance hemodialysis

Objective:To study the post-traumatic growth level and influencing factors in patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Methods:A total of 179 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis from a third-level grade A hospital in Tianjin,China were investigated using Post-traumatic Growth Inventory(PTGI),Perceived Social Support Scale,and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire.Results:The total score for the PTGI was 53.73±16.45.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that social support,coping style,marital status,and family income significantly influenced the post-traumatic growth level in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.These factors explained 41.4%of the variance.Conclusion:Medical staff should help patients under maintenance hemodialysis to fulfill their potentials by boosting the level of social support and to effectively cope with internal conflicts.In addition,nursing staff should provide relevant psychological health education to patients to improve their post-traumatic growth.

Evaluation of the Strategic Tolerance Human Resource Management Based on Matter-Element Analysis Method

The main features and connotation of the tolerance human resource management based on strategy are analyzed and summarized. The theory and method of systematic engineering is used to build the evaluation index systems for the tolerance human resource management. On the basis of it, by using the theory of matter-element analysis, the matter-element models are formulated for the evaluation of the tolerance human resource management. Regarding annual tolerance human resource management as the object of matter-dement, the tolerance human resource ：management for two years are analyzed and evaluated through using the matter. element models proposed. A ease study is carried out and the satisfactory results are obtained. A new scientific methed is provided for the evaluation of human resource management based on strategy.

Novel prognostic score for patients with gastric carcinoma

Objective:The lack of a simple criterion for gastric carcinoma creates a persistent challenge for clinicians trying to provide patients with useful prognostic information.The aim of this study was to identify baseline prognostic factors,and use this information to establish a simple criterion to predict outcome in gastric carcinoma.Methods:Between 2005 and 2010, 155 patients with gastric carcinoma,were enrolled.Clinicopathologic prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results:Of the 155 patients,48(30.9%)died.Three independent poor prognostic factors were identified by multivariate analysis:gross type>or=3(hazard ratio[HR],1.564;95%CI,1.067 to 2.294),peritoneal dissemination (HR,3.750;95%CI,1.760 to 7.989)and lymphatic duct invasion(HR,3.578;95%CI,1.422 to 9.004).One point was added for each category among three independent prognostic factors.Prognostic score(PS)was determined by an aggregate of these points for each category.There existed a significant difference between survival of patients with PS 0 or 1 and 2(P< 0.0001).Conclusion:Three poor prognostic factors were identified and a simple criteria was devised.Information from this analysis can be used to predict prognosis of gastric carcinoma with a strict stratification.

Research Progress on elderly quality of life and influencing factors

While the rising number of elderly population has caused widespread concern in society, the quality of life of elderly has become a hot research topic too. According to the current study, theoretical research still needs to be strengthened.Compared with the theoretical research, emperical research is significantly increased.Scholars have taken a full disscussion to the quality of life of the elderly, in addition, the influential factors also be analysed from different angle. From the perspective of quality of life, this paper reviewed the different kind way ofthe definition,the research of the elderly＇ quality of life as well as the influencing factors.

The cause of human fatigue and scenario analysisin the process of marine transportation

The framework of fatigue factors is constructed to reduce the number of maritime accidents caused by human fatigue.Based on the study of maritime human fatigue,by screening and classifying it,there are 15 fatigue factors,which can be classified into 4 types:sleep,rest and rhythm;work factors;personal conditions;environmental factors.These factors are regarded as the variables for constructing scenarios.The importance,uncertainty,influence and dependence of variables and variable pairs were assessed by using morphological analysis,quantitative scales and correlation matrices.Ship movement and workload are selected as the two key variables,which are regarded as the axes of generating scenarios.One of the scenarios is selected as the typical scenario to illustrate the relationship between the causes of fatigue.Then,the analysis framework is constructed according to the fatigue factors relationship,and several potential solutions are proposed,which include the development of foresighted and flexible work plans,and the application of wearable facilities to improve monitoring and assessment systems.The proposed framework lays a theoretical foundation for studying maritime human fatigue,and scenario analysis can provide an effective strategy for reducing crews'fatigue.

Prognostic factors analysis of 138 patients with stage IV gastric cancer

Ab Objective： We evaluated the prognostic factors of patients with stage IV gastric cancer. Methods： In the current retrospective study, 138 patients of stage I gastric cancer treated with platinum-based chemotherapy were analyzed. Survival rate was estimated by using Kaplan-Meier method. The prognostic factors were analyzed using univariate （Log rank） and multivariate （Cox model） analysis methods. Results： Univariate analysis showed and multivariate analysis showed that poor performance status （P = 0.001）, weight loss （P = 0.001）, depth of invasion （P = 0.000）, presence of peritoneal metastasis （P = 0.005）, more than 1 metastatic site （P = 0.029） and elevated total bilirubin （P = 0.018） were confirmed as independent prognostic factors. According to the outcomes of the Cox model analysis, a formula of the prognostic index was developed. According to the values of PI, 16 patients were categorized as the good risk group, 28 patients were categorized as the moderate risk group and 8 patients were categorized as the poor risk group, respectively. The survival ratios of 6 months, 12 months and 24 months of the good risk group were 75.00%, 50.00%, 25.00%, respectively. The survival ratios of 6 month, 1-year and 2-year of the moderate risk group were 71.79%, 28.57%, 7.14%, respectively. While the survival ratios of 6 month, 12 months and 24 months of the poor risk group were 50%, 0, 0, respectively. The overall survival ratios of the 3 groups were compared in pairs. Conclusion： Poor performance status, depth of invasion, elevated total bilirubin, more than 1 metastatic site, presence of peritoneal metastasis ,weight loss were the independent prognostic factors. A formula of the prognostic index was developed, and it could help clinicians and patients in clinical decision-making and treatment tailoring based on the estimated prognosis.

A study on the tourism practitioners' perception of tourism impact:a case study of Hainan,China

This study examines the urban population of tourism practitioners' perceptions of economic, environmental, and social impacts on cultural, convention, and sport tourism may have in Haikou and Sanya, Hainan, China. The study uses a modif ied Urban Tourism Impact (UTI) to examine economic, environmental, and social perceived impacts. Analysis of the data includes testing three models of structural relationships between tourism impacts and support for development in each of the tourism market sub-divisions through a confirmatory factor analysis. The results of this study show that the positive economic impacts consistently exert influence on predicting support for tourism development in all three models. However, the social impacts play a greater explanatory role with all three market segment, the negative environmental impacts play a role in determining support for sport tourism only. Differences have been found with those with a higher education level in predicting support for cultural tourism, but not convention or sport tourism.

A population-based case-crossover study of polyethylene glycol use and acute renal failure risk in the elderly

AIM:To evaluate the possibility of an association between polyethylene glycol(PEG) and acute renal failure(ARF) in elderly patients using a health insurance claims database.METHODS:We conducted a population-based casecrossover study using information obtained from Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service(HIRA) claims from January 1,2005 to December 31,2005(Seoul,Korea).The study population consisted of elderly patients who received PEG prior to experiencing their first ARF-related hospitalization from April 1,2005 to December 31,2005.For each patient,one case and two control periods were matched.PEG use in a 2-or 4-wk window period prior to hospitalization for ARF was compared with PEG use in two earlier 2-or 4-wk control window periods.Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios(ORs) and 95% CI,adjusting for concomitant uses of diuretics,angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,antibiotics,anti-cancer drugs,and contrast media.RESULTS:Within the HIRA database which contained 1 093 262 elderly patients,1156 hospitalized ARF cases were identified.Among these cases,PEG was prescribed to 17(1.5%) patients before hospitalization.The adjusted ORs when applying the 2-and 4-wk window periods were 0.4(95% CI:0.03-5.24) and 2.1(95% CI:0.16-27.78),respectively.CONCLUSION:No increased risk of ARF was found in elderly PEG users.However,based on the limited number of study subjects,further analysis should be performed to confirm these results.

Grid systems for geographic modelling and simulation:A review

Geography requires a comprehensive understanding of both natural and human factors,as well as their interactions.Due to the complexity and multiplicity of geographic problems,various theories and methods for geographic modelling and simulation have been proposed.Currently,geography has entered an era in which quantitative analysis and modelling are essential for understanding the mechanisms of geographic processes.As the basic idea of quantitative spatial analysis,the specified space often needs to be partitioned by a series of small computational units(cells),i.e.,grids.Thus,there is a close relationship between the grids and geographic modelling.This article reviews the mainstream and typical grids used for modelling and simulation.In addition to classification,the derived theories and technologies,including grid generation methods,data organization strategies,multi-dimensional querying methods,and grid adaptation techniques,are discussed.For integrated geographic simulation to explore comprehensive geographic problems,we argued that it is reasonable to build bridges among different types of grids(e.g.,transformation strategies),and more powerful grids that can support multi-type of numerical computation are urgently needed.

C and N stable isotope analysis of human and animal bones at the Beiqian site

The Beiqian site,located in Jimo city,Qingdao,went through three archaeological excavations,and a large number of human and animal bones in the Dawenkou culture and the Zhou Dynasty period were unearthed.By carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis,the diet of ancestors is expected to be recovered,and the domesticated plants and animals will be discussed.The investigated results showed that the food structure of ancestors in both periods included food crops,mainly C4 foods,and meat,mainly marine shellfish and livestock.For domestic pigs,they mainly eat C3 plants,and were affected by the lifestyle of ancestors.This study also showed that the diet of ancestors is the shellfish rather than marine fish despite the Beiqian site is located near the shoreline.We can conclude that the diet of ancestors in Dawenkou culture period included millet crops(C4plants),shellfish,marine food,and livestock,representing the lifestyle of farming,domestication,and fishing,supplemented by hunting.In the Zhou dynasty period the meat resource was enriched by domesticated animals and marine fisheries,and the living conditions were significantly improved.