Determination of IL-2/IL-2R system in patients with liver cirrhosis.and carcinoma

AIMS To.determine the interleuking-2 and interleukin- 2 receptor (IL-2/IL-2R) system in patients with liver cirrhosis and carcinoma and compare their immune functions. The clinical significance is also discussed. METHODS Fifty patients with Liver cirrhosis (LC), 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 30 normal controls were studied. The expression of mlL-2R was examined by immunofluorescence. IL-2's activity and serum level of soluble interleukin-2 recep- tor (sIL-2R) were measured by enzyme linked im- munosorbent assay. RESULTS IL-2's activity and the percentage of mIL- 2R expression in carcinoma were significantly lower than those in cirrhosis (P<0.01) and controls (P< 0.01),while the IL-2's activity and the expression of mlL-2R in cirrhosis were also lower than normal controls (P<0.05). The serum level of sIL-2R in carcinoma was significantly higher than that in cirrhosis (P<0.05) and controls (P<0.01),and the level in cirrhosis was higher than in controls (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with liver cirhosis and car- cinoma share the decreased immune function of similar nature,but the latter has a more profound degree. Such resemblance in immune disturbances may be the important factor affecting the carcinogenesis of cirrhotic liver.

新春寄语

新春伊始,万象更新。在2000年即将来临之际,《中国外资》杂志谨向中国外商投资企业、从事外经贸工作的同仁,以及长期支持杂志的热心读者致以最诚挚的问候:祝圣诞快乐,新年安康, 千禧之年,人类历史在贺岁钟声里,将翻开崭新的一页。在享受人类几千年灿烂文化与辉煌历史中,我们是幸运的;在创造新世纪辉煌的机遇中,我们是幸运的。在新的千年,人类将以“和平、发展与进步”为主旨,使我们赖以生存的这颗蔚蓝色的星球,充满生机与温馨。

Analysis of photonic crystal fiber sensor character

The special character of a PCF which is used as a gas or liquid sensor is discussed. The field distribution is analyzed when the solid core PCF is injected with different medium that has different relative dielectric constant （or refractive index）. And the experiential formulas of the relation between refractive index of some kinds of liquid and their concentration are given, in order to measure the concentration of the relative liquid. At the same time, the effect of propagation constant on PCF sensor character is also discussed. Furthermore, the photonic medium relative dielectric constant, when it is injected with . band-gap （PBG） of PCF （PBG-PCF） is calculated at different different medium. That is the principle basis for this kind of PCF sensors.

Mathematical treatment of wave propagation in acoustic waveguides with n curved interfaces

There are some curved interfaces in ocean acoustic waveguides. To compute wave propagation along the range with some marching methods, a flattening of the internal interfaces and a transforming equation are needed. In this paper a local orthogonal coordinate transform and an equation transformation are constructed to flatten interfaces and change the Helmholtz equation as a solvable form. For a waveguide with a flat top, a fiat bottom and n curved interfaces, the coefficients of the transformed Helmholtz equation are given in a closed formulation which can be thought of as an extension of the formal work related to the equation transformation with two curved internal interfaces. In the transformed horizontally stratified waveguide, the one-way reformulation based on the Dirichlet-to-Neumann （DtN） map is then used to reduce the boundary value problem to an initial value problem. Numerical implementation of the resulting operator Riccati equation uses a large range step method to discretize the range variable and a truncated local eigenfunction expansion to approximate the operators. This method is particularly useful for solving long range wave propagation problems in slowly varying waveguides. Furthermore, the method can also be applied to wave propagation problems in acoustic waveguides associated with varied density.

Numerical simulation of stress for the blasting of foundation pit

Through the simulation of explicit dynamic analysis software LS-DYNA,made an analysis to the particle velocity and the stress distribution of surrounding rock when the explosives blasting.Explicated the mechanical character of surrounding rock in the foun- dation pit blasting,provided a basis to set of blasting parameters and optimized the blast- ing construction.

Multiple-Relaxation-Time Lattice Boltzmann Approach to Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability

The aims of the present paper are twofold. At first, we further study the Multiple-Relaxation-Time （MRT） Lattice Boltzmann （LB） model proposed in [Europhys. Lett. 90 （2010） 54003]. We discuss the reason why the Gram Schmidt orthogonalization procedure is not needed in the construction of transformation matrix M; point out a reason why the Kataoka-Tsutahara model [Phys. Rev. E 69 （2004） 035701（R）] is only valid in subsonic flows. The yon Neumann stability analysis is performed. Secondly, we carry out a preliminary quantitative study on the Richtmyer- Meshkov instability using the proposed MRT LB model. When a shock wave travels from a light medium to a heavy one, the simulated growth rate is in qualitative agreement with the perturbation model by Zhang-Sohn. It is about half of the predicted value by the impulsive model and is closer to the experimental result. When the shock wave travels from a heavy medium to a light one, our simulation results are also consistent with physical analysis.

High permittivity and low dielectric loss analysis of lead free Sr_(1-x)La_x(Ti_(0.5) Fe_(0.5))O_3

The structural and electrical properties of lead free Srx-xLax（Tio.sFeo.5）O3 （SLTFO） prepared by standard solid state reaction technique were studied. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of a single-phase cubic perovskite structure. The compositional dependence of lattice constant, density and microstructural studies show that they vary significantly with La3＋ content. When measured at 10 kHz, all the compositions of SLTFO at room temperature exhibit a high permittivity （about 104） and low dielectric loss （about 10-3）. SLTFO also display minimum dielectric loss within the lower and higher limits of frequency, indicating that the samples are of good quality. It is concluded from the calculated ac conductivity that the conduction is due to mixed polarons hopping. The complex impedance plot exhibits a tendency of forming a single semicircular arc for all compositions, which implies a dominance of grain boundary resistance on the impedance. Impedance parameters were determined by fitting the experimental data with Cole-Cole empirical formula. The results of the present experiment indicate that the lead free SLTFO materials with higher permittivity and lower dielectric loss have possible practical applications.

Engineering Ru(IV)charge density in Ru@RuO2 core-shell electrocatalyst via tensile strain for efficient oxygen evolution in acidic media

The design of efficient Ru-based electrocatalysts with high intrinsic activities for acidic water oxidation is highly desirable and challenging for water splitting in proton exchange membrane electrolyzers.Here,for the first time,we engineer the charge density of Ru(IV)by creating tensile strains in the RuO2 shell of Ru@RuO2 core-shell nanoparticles,viz.Ru@RuO2-L.High-resolution spectroscopic characterizations confirm the presence of av.6%tensile strain in Ru-O bonds,which results in an effective reduction of the Ru(IV)charge density.The resultant Ru^X+(4<X<5)active sites greatly accelerate the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in an acidic electrolyte,leading to a remarkably low overpotential of 191 mV at 10 mA cm^-2.These values are lower than those for the benchmark RuO2 catalyst and are also among the lowest for efficient Ru-based electrocatalysts reported thus far.The specific activity and mass activity are also greatly enhanced 4.2-fold and 17.7-fold compared to those of RuO2,respectively.The acidic OER activity improvement is ascribed to the lowered adsorption energy of*OOH,owing to the reduced charge density of Ru(IV),and the rapid charge transport owing to the Ru core.Ru@RuO2-L also demonstrates high feasibility as the anode catalyst for the overall water splitting in acidic media.

Visualization of Understanding of Media Characteristics Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

The purpose of this study is to design a tool, adapted to students＇ individual contexts and to enable students to reflect on their understanding of media characteristics. AHP （analytic hierarchy process） is a structured technique for organizing and analyzing complex decisions. Using AHP, students have to define appropriate criteria and priorities for using media. It is expected that students＂ understanding of the characteristics of different types of media will emerge through reflection. Seventy two university students took part in this research. They were asked to prioritize their ways.of obtaining information about current affairs using sets of media such as TV, books, newspapers and web pages, Twitter and Facebook. AHP enables us to visualize a ＂real＂ understanding of media characteristics and students can reflect on that basis. As far as ＂information sources and media＂ is concerned, a few students indicated that it was the information source itself that was important rather than the type of media. Our tool fulfils the role of encouraging this type of reflection.

The Rise of Islamic Values in Media： A Three Dimensions Analysis of Film Industry in Indonesia

This article focuses on the rise of Islamic values in media with concern to the film industry in Indonesia. In this nation, 88.22% of 254 million of the population are Muslims. However, this substantial quantity is burden some if Muslims have a lack of appreciation to history and are intellectually weak. In addition, cultural degradation due to the rapid changes in information ＆ communication technology diminishes moral and ethics of society. The growth of film industry in the Soeharto era which curb freedom of expression and media resulted in films which were more oriented to comedy, horror, and vulgar. The aims of this study specifically are： （1） to identify the film industry （macro） in the context of challenge of Indonesian Muslim in social and culture; （2） to analyze the political interests of film production company owner （meso） in his films; （3） to conduct textual analysis （micro） of two films which include Islamic values in the dialogues. Two films, Nagabonar Jadi 2 （Nagabonar Become 2） and Alangkah Lucunya Negeri lni （How Funny This Country ls）, were selected as samples for their contents that fearlessly criticize corrupt governance and promote integrity and good deeds. The three dimensions of critical discourse which was proposed by Norman Fairlough （1992） was used to evaluate the local film industry from the perspective of macro, meso, and micro. The macro-analysis found that Indonesian films act should be modified to keep up with modernized and recent trends in media and film industry. The meso analysis showed that competition between film companies are very though, however, film quality determines the popularity of the company in public. According to the company owner＇s agenda, Deddy Mizwar determines the quality of films produced, instead of quantity, as apriority. Thus, in post-reform era, the freedom of expression which enforced by the Act No. 9 of 1998, the company start producing Islamic films. Deddy Mizwar concerns for society are not only through the media but also political. He recently elected as the deputy governor of West Java province with the full support of an Islamic Party （Partai Keadilan Sejahtera）. The textual studies have found similarities of the Islamic values in the content of the two films which are tawaqal （trust and reliance on God） and Taqwa, the pursuit of knowledge, respecting for the elderly, and belief in the Hereafter.

Pore structure of ore granular media by computerized tomography image processing

The pore structure images of ore particles located at different heights of leaching column were scanned with X-ray computerized tomography (CT) scanner, the porosity and pore size distribution were calculated and the geometrical shape and connectivity of pores were analyzed based on image process method, and the three dimensional reconstruction of pore structure images was realized. The results show that the porosity of ore particles bed in leaching column is 42.92%, 41.72%, 39.34% at top, middle and bottom zone, respectively. Obviously it has spatial variability and decreases appreciably along the height of the column. The overall average porosity obtained by image processing is 41.33% while the porosity gotten from general measurement method in laboratory is 42.77% showing the results of both methods are consistent well. The pore structure of ore granular media is characterized as a dynamical space network composed of interconnected pore bodies and pore throats. The ratio of throats with equivalent diameter less than 1.91 mm to the total pores is 29.31%, and that of the large pores with equivalent diameter more than 5.73 mm is 2.90%.

Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-migratory model for dual-porosity medium and numerical analysis

A coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-migratory model of dual-porosity medium for saturated-unsaturated ubiquitous-joint rockmass was established,in which the stress field and the temperature field were single,but the seepage field and the concentration field were double,and the influences of sets,spaces,angles,continuity ratios,stiffnesses of fractures on the constitutive relationship of the medium were considered.Also,the relative two-dimensional program of finite element method was developed.Taking a hypothetical nuclear waste repository as a calculation example,the case in which the rockmass was unsaturated dual-porosity medium and radioactive nuclide leak was simulated numerically,and the temperatures,negative pore pressures,saturations,flow velocities,nuclide concentrations and principal stresses in the rockmass were investigated.The results show that the negative pore pressures and nuclide concentrations in the porosity and fracture present different changes and distributions.Even though the saturation degree in porosity is only about 1/10 that in fracture,the flow velocity of underground water in fracture is about three times that in porosity because the permeability coefficient of fracture is almost four orders higher than that of porosity.The value of nuclide concentration in fracture is close to that in porosity.

Magnetic field characteristics analysis of a single assembled magnetic medium using ANSYS software

The section shape of an assembled magnetic medium is the most important structural parameter of a high gradient magnetic separator, which directly affects the induction distribution and magnetic field gradient of the magnetic separator. In this study, equilateral triangle, square, hexagonal, octagon, dodecagon, and round shape sections of the assembled magnetic medium are chosen to study their influence on magnetic field distribution characteristics using the ANSYS analysis. This paper utilizes a single assembled magnetic medium to understand the relationship between the geometry of the assembled magnetic medium and its magnetic field distribution characteristics. The results show that high magnetic field,regional field, magnetic field gradient, and magnetic force formed by the different sections of the assembled magnetic medium in the same background magnetic field reduce in turn based on the triangle,square, hexagonal, octagon, dodecagon, and round. Based on the magnetic field characteristics analytic results, the magnetic separation tests of the ilmenite are carried out. The results indicate that the section shape of the toothed plate compared with the section shape of cylinder can improve the recovery of ilmenite up to 45% in the same magnetizing current condition of 2A, which is consistent with magnetic field characteristics analysis of different assembled magnetic medium section shapes.

Analysis of Vector Meson Transitions Among Heavy Quarkonium States

In this article,we study the vector meson transitions among the charmonium and bottomonium states with the heavy quark effective theory in a systematic way,and make predictions for the ratios among the vector meson decay widths of a special multiplet to another multiplet.The predictions can be confronted with the experimental data in the future.

5A06-O aluminium−magnesium alloy sheet warm hydroforming and optimization of process parameters

The uniaxial tensile test of the 5A06-O aluminium−magnesium(Al−Mg)alloy sheet was performed in the temperature range of 20−300℃ to obtain the true stress−true strain curves at different temperatures and strain rates.The constitutive model of 5A06-O Al−Mg alloy sheet with the temperature range from 150 to 300℃ was established.Based on the test results,a unique finite element simulation platform for warm hydroforming of 5A06-O Al−Mg alloy was set up using the general finite element software MSC.Marc to simulate warm hydroforming of classic specimen,and a coupled thermo-mechanical finite element model for warm hydroforming of cylindrical cup was built up.Combined with the experiment,the influence of the temperature field distribution and loading conditions on the sheet formability was studied.The results show that the non-isothermal temperature distribution conditions can significantly improve the forming performance of the material.As the temperature increases,the impact of the punching speed on the forming becomes particularly obvious;the optimal values of the fluid pressure and blank holder force required for forming are reduced.

Interleukin-1 and TNF-α polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori in a Brazilian Amazon population

AIM： To study the association between Interleukin-1 （IL-1） and tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α polymorphisms, infection by Helicobacter pylori （H pylori） and the development of gastrointestinal diseases.METHODS： Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 177 patients with various gastrointestinal diseases and from 100 healthy volunteers. The polymorphisms in IL-1β and TNF-α genes were analyzed using the polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism method （PCRRFLP） and those from IL-1RN with PCR. The presence of infection due to H pylori and the presence of the CagA toxin were detected by serology. The histopathological parameters in the gastric biopsies of the patients were according to the Sydney classification.RESULTS： A comparison of the frequencies of the different polymorphisms studied among the patients and the control group demonstrated that the allele IL- 1RN＊2 was more frequent among patients with gastric ulcers and adenocarcinoma. Carriers of the allele IL- RN＊2 and those with reactive serology for anti-CagA IgG had a greater risk of developing peptic ulcer and gastric adenocarcinoma, as well as a higher degree of inflammation and neutrophilic activity in the gastricCONCLUSION： Our results indicate a positive association between IL-1RN gene polymorphism and infection by positive H pylori CagA strains and the development of gastric ulcers and adenocarcinoma.

Interdiscursivity and Promotional Discourse:A Corpus-Assisted Genre Analysis of About Us Texts on Chinese University Websites

The debate on the marketization of discourse in higher education has sparked and sustained interest among researchers in discourse and education studies across a diversity of contexts.While most research in this line has focused on marketized discourses such as advertisements,little attention has been paid to promotional discourse in public institutions such as the About us texts on Chinese university websites.The goal of the present study is twofold:first,to describe the generic features of the university About us texts in China;and second,to analyze how promotional discourse is interdiscursively incorporated in the discourse by referring to the broader sociopolitical context.Findings have indicated five main moves:giving an overview,stressing historical status,displaying strengths,pledging political and ideological allegiance,and communicating goals and visions.Move 3,displaying strengths,has the greatest amount of information and can be further divided into six sub-moves which presents information on campus facilities,faculty team,talent cultivation,disciplinary fields construction,academic research,and international exchange.The main linguistic and rhetorical strategies used in these moves are analyzed and discussed.

Coupled Transport Phenomena in Corrugated Photocatalytic Reactors

Corrugated reactors are known for their use in applications requiring UV-exposure, whereby media flowing within the corrugated channel react with a photo-active catalyst impregnated on the surface （i.e. TiO2）. The performance in these systems is dependent on catalyst properties and reactivity for a given light source, in conjunc-tion with the coupled transport of reactants within the media and photons falling incident to the catalyst surface. Experimental and computational analyses of local mass transfer and radiation pattems for a broad range of corrugation angles, depths, and non-idealities introduced during manufacture （i.e. fold curvature） are thus integrated to the design and optimization of these systems. This work explores techniques for determining incident energy distribu-tions on the surface of corrugated reactor geometries with non-ideal cross-sectional profiles, and the local and overall mass transfer rates obtained using computational fluid dynamics and experimental analysis. By examining the reaction kinetics for the photo-degradation of 4-chlorophenol over a TiO2 catalyst, the effects of surface area, energy incidence with photon recapture, and local mass transfer on overall reactor performance are presented to highlight ootimization concerns for these tvoes of reactors.

FEM analyses for influences of pressure solution on thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling in porous rock mass

The model of pressure solution for granular aggregate was introduced into the FEM code for analysis of thermo-hydro- mechanical （T-H-M） coupling in porous medium. Aiming at a hypothetical nuclear waste repository in an unsaturated quartz rock mass, two computation conditions were designed： 1） the porosity and the permeability of rock mass are fimctions of pressure solution; 2） the porosity and the permeability are constants. Then the corresponding numerical simulations for a disposal period of 4 a were carried out, and the states of temperatures, porosities and permeabilities, pore pressures, flow velocities and stresses in the rock mass were investigated. The results show that at the end of the calculation in Case 1, pressure solution makes the porosities and the permeabilities decrease to 10%-45% and 0.05%-1.4% of their initial values, respectively. Under the action of the release heat of nuclear waste, the negative pore pressures both in Case 1 and Case 2 are 1.2-1.4 and 1.01-l.06 times of the initial values, respectively. So, the former represents an obvious effect of pressure solution. The magnitudes and distributions of stresses within the rock mass in the two calculation cases are the same.