The travel time and amplitude of ground-penetrating radar （GPR） waves are closely related to medium parameters such as water content, porosity, and dielectric permittivity. However, conventional estimation methods, ...The travel time and amplitude of ground-penetrating radar （GPR） waves are closely related to medium parameters such as water content, porosity, and dielectric permittivity. However, conventional estimation methods, which are mostly based on wave velocity, are not suitable for real complex media because of limited resolution. Impedance inversion uses the reflection coefficient of radar waves to directly calculate GPR impedance and other parameters of subsurface media. We construct a 3D multiscale stochastic medium model and use the mixed Gaussian and exponential autocorrelation function to describe the distribution of parameters in real subsurface media. We introduce an elliptical Gaussian function to describe local random anomalies. The tapering function is also introduced to reduce calculation errors caused by the numerical simulation of discrete grids. We derive the impedance inversion workflow and test the calculation precision in complex media. Finally, we use impedance inversion to process GPR field data in a polluted site in Mongolia. The inversion results were constrained using borehole data and validated by resistivity data.展开更多
In this paper the corrosion characteristics of Silicon carbide particulate-reinforced 6061 aluminum composite （ 6061 AI/SiCp composite ） and the base alloy are experimentally assessed. The corrosion tests are carrie...In this paper the corrosion characteristics of Silicon carbide particulate-reinforced 6061 aluminum composite （ 6061 AI/SiCp composite ） and the base alloy are experimentally assessed. The corrosion tests are carried out at different temperatures in the concentration range of 0.01N to 1N sulphuric acid as corrosion media using Tafel extrapolation technique and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy （EIS）. The results obtained from Tafel extrapolation technique and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy are in good agreement. The results show an increase in the corrosion rate with increase in temperature as well as with increase in the concentration of the corrosion media. The thermodynamic parameters like energy of activation are calculated using Arrhenius theory equation and, enthalpy of activation and entropy of activation are calculated using transition state theory equation.展开更多
The existing expressions of elastic impedance,as the generalized form of acoustic impedance,represent the resistance of subsurface media to seismic waves of non-normal incidence,and thus include information on the she...The existing expressions of elastic impedance,as the generalized form of acoustic impedance,represent the resistance of subsurface media to seismic waves of non-normal incidence,and thus include information on the shear-wave velocity.In this sense,conventional elastic impedance is an attribute of the seismic reflection and not an intrinsic physical property of the subsurface media.The derivation of these expressions shares the approximations made for reflectivity,such as weak impedance contrast andisotropic or weakly anisotropic media,which limits the accuracy of reflectivity reconstruction and seismic inversion.In this paper,we derive exact elastic impedance tensors of seismic P-and S-waves for isotropic media based on the stress-velocity law.Each componentof the impedance tensor represents a unique mechanical property of the medium.Approximations of P-wave elastic impedance tensor components are discussed for seismic inversion and interpretation.Application to synthetic data and real data shows the accuracy and robust interpretation capability of the derived elastic impedance in lithology characterizations.展开更多
The dielectric properties in vitro present characteristic changes along with the alteration of metabolic activities, which can be detected from tissue micro- structure. The dielectric properties of tissues are closely...The dielectric properties in vitro present characteristic changes along with the alteration of metabolic activities, which can be detected from tissue micro- structure. The dielectric properties of tissues are closely related to its viability, but the relationship remains unclear to us. This study aims to specify the relationship between dielectric parameters and microstructure of living tissues and to try to explain the influence of tissue viability on dielectric properties. Nine rabbits were studied in this experiment. The impedance spectroscopy （10 Hz-1 MHz） and microstructure were determined at different time intervals （from 5 rain to 7 h） after samples were prepared. Some characteristic parameters were extracted to analyze the relationship between them. The inactivation process characterized by the mierostrueturs could be detected by means of dielectric parameters： the microstructures had no obvious change within 30 rain a.nd cell swelling caused by osmosis led to the decrease of extracellular ion concentration, resulting in the rise of lowfrequency impedance after 30 rain. The reduction of impedance was accompanied by the expanding intercellular area and irregular cell shape caused by the gradual destruction of cell membrane.The functions between alteration rate of intercellular area and Cole-Cole model parameters were also established. There is a strong correlative relationship between dielectric properties and microstructure. The dielectric spectrum can be a rapid and innocuous method to monitor the status of tissues. In the future, it may be of great help for clinical application, especially in transplantation.展开更多
基金supported by the Doctoral Fund Project of the Ministry of Education(No.20130061110060 class tutors)the Post-Doctoral Fund Project(No.2015M571366)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41174097)US DoD ARO Project"Advanced Mathematical Algorithm"(No.W911NF-11-2-0046)
文摘The travel time and amplitude of ground-penetrating radar （GPR） waves are closely related to medium parameters such as water content, porosity, and dielectric permittivity. However, conventional estimation methods, which are mostly based on wave velocity, are not suitable for real complex media because of limited resolution. Impedance inversion uses the reflection coefficient of radar waves to directly calculate GPR impedance and other parameters of subsurface media. We construct a 3D multiscale stochastic medium model and use the mixed Gaussian and exponential autocorrelation function to describe the distribution of parameters in real subsurface media. We introduce an elliptical Gaussian function to describe local random anomalies. The tapering function is also introduced to reduce calculation errors caused by the numerical simulation of discrete grids. We derive the impedance inversion workflow and test the calculation precision in complex media. Finally, we use impedance inversion to process GPR field data in a polluted site in Mongolia. The inversion results were constrained using borehole data and validated by resistivity data.
文摘In this paper the corrosion characteristics of Silicon carbide particulate-reinforced 6061 aluminum composite （ 6061 AI/SiCp composite ） and the base alloy are experimentally assessed. The corrosion tests are carried out at different temperatures in the concentration range of 0.01N to 1N sulphuric acid as corrosion media using Tafel extrapolation technique and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy （EIS）. The results obtained from Tafel extrapolation technique and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy are in good agreement. The results show an increase in the corrosion rate with increase in temperature as well as with increase in the concentration of the corrosion media. The thermodynamic parameters like energy of activation are calculated using Arrhenius theory equation and, enthalpy of activation and entropy of activation are calculated using transition state theory equation.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2013CB228603)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1262208,41204072,41474096)Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum-Beijing(Grant No.YJRC-2013-36)
文摘The existing expressions of elastic impedance,as the generalized form of acoustic impedance,represent the resistance of subsurface media to seismic waves of non-normal incidence,and thus include information on the shear-wave velocity.In this sense,conventional elastic impedance is an attribute of the seismic reflection and not an intrinsic physical property of the subsurface media.The derivation of these expressions shares the approximations made for reflectivity,such as weak impedance contrast andisotropic or weakly anisotropic media,which limits the accuracy of reflectivity reconstruction and seismic inversion.In this paper,we derive exact elastic impedance tensors of seismic P-and S-waves for isotropic media based on the stress-velocity law.Each componentof the impedance tensor represents a unique mechanical property of the medium.Approximations of P-wave elastic impedance tensor components are discussed for seismic inversion and interpretation.Application to synthetic data and real data shows the accuracy and robust interpretation capability of the derived elastic impedance in lithology characterizations.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of Chinagrant number:50937005,61071033
文摘The dielectric properties in vitro present characteristic changes along with the alteration of metabolic activities, which can be detected from tissue micro- structure. The dielectric properties of tissues are closely related to its viability, but the relationship remains unclear to us. This study aims to specify the relationship between dielectric parameters and microstructure of living tissues and to try to explain the influence of tissue viability on dielectric properties. Nine rabbits were studied in this experiment. The impedance spectroscopy （10 Hz-1 MHz） and microstructure were determined at different time intervals （from 5 rain to 7 h） after samples were prepared. Some characteristic parameters were extracted to analyze the relationship between them. The inactivation process characterized by the mierostrueturs could be detected by means of dielectric parameters： the microstructures had no obvious change within 30 rain a.nd cell swelling caused by osmosis led to the decrease of extracellular ion concentration, resulting in the rise of lowfrequency impedance after 30 rain. The reduction of impedance was accompanied by the expanding intercellular area and irregular cell shape caused by the gradual destruction of cell membrane.The functions between alteration rate of intercellular area and Cole-Cole model parameters were also established. There is a strong correlative relationship between dielectric properties and microstructure. The dielectric spectrum can be a rapid and innocuous method to monitor the status of tissues. In the future, it may be of great help for clinical application, especially in transplantation.
