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适度原则:科学地评价与支付代价
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作者 王维先 姜威 《中国石油大学学报(社会科学版)》 2017年第2期60-64,共5页
代价与发展息息相关,研究发展就必须研究代价。科学评价代价是合理支付代价的前提,而适度原则是评价代价与支付代价的重要依据。度是量变与质变的统一,在度的范围内量变才是合理的,量变是质变的基础,而最终引起质变的是关节点。适度原... 代价与发展息息相关,研究发展就必须研究代价。科学评价代价是合理支付代价的前提,而适度原则是评价代价与支付代价的重要依据。度是量变与质变的统一,在度的范围内量变才是合理的,量变是质变的基础,而最终引起质变的是关节点。适度原则要兼顾量变与质变,亦要兼顾真实性与价值性。在尊重客观规律的前提下充分发挥主体的主观能动性,将代价控制在合理的范围内,这样才能实现发展的最优化。 展开更多
关键词 代价评价 代价支付 适度原则
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Assessing Creative Writing in a Postmodem Era
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作者 Yves Renaud 《Journal of Literature and Art Studies》 2015年第11期1090-1097,共8页
How to teach creative writing at school? If the procedures inherited from writing workshops have undoubtedly proved efficient as regards text production, it is also clear that in Switzerland, as elsewhere in Europe a... How to teach creative writing at school? If the procedures inherited from writing workshops have undoubtedly proved efficient as regards text production, it is also clear that in Switzerland, as elsewhere in Europe and in the Anglo-Saxon world, the present use of evaluation grids with their numerous items prevents secondary school pupils from adopting the stance of an author. Why? Simply because the most innovative and "literary" texts are always surprising: They are "different", and could not possibly result from writing guidelines devised only to facilitate a mechanical evaluation itself conceived for the sake of some illusory objectivity... Now, in our postmodern age with its rejection of models, what is more difficult than assessing the quality of creative writing? In our approach, we suggest restoring confidence in the teacher, an expert reader if any, who, acting as a publisher, dramaturge, or mere aesthete, knows how to take his pupils' texts seriously, acknowledge their aesthetic value, and look at apparent clumsiness as a possible promise of innovation. The teaching of creative writing lies both in this specific reception of budding works and in the teacher's performative utterances that, then and there, make the pupil a writer. 展开更多
关键词 creative writing assessing artistic work DIDACTICS teaching French highschool
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基于复合式协同策略的移动机器人自主探索 被引量:15
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作者 李秀智 赫亚磊 +2 位作者 孙炎珺 张祥银 张晓凡 《机器人》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2021年第1期44-53,共10页
为了有效地解决机器人在空旷的厅堂环境下的探索难题以及RRT(快速扩展随机树)难以在含有狭窄入口的环境下快速扩展的问题,提出了一种将RRT与前沿法协同实施的复合式候选目标点检测策略;此外,提出一种有效的代价值计算方法,以代价值作为... 为了有效地解决机器人在空旷的厅堂环境下的探索难题以及RRT(快速扩展随机树)难以在含有狭窄入口的环境下快速扩展的问题,提出了一种将RRT与前沿法协同实施的复合式候选目标点检测策略;此外,提出一种有效的代价值计算方法,以代价值作为最优候选目标点的评价准则;并且设计了改进的TEB(时间弹性带)算法以实现机器人的局部路径规划,确保机器人顺利到达目标点.在同样的实验条件下,在实际环境下所提方法的探索时间、行驶距离、探索次数3个参数分别为1187.465 s、97.551 m、41,在仿真环境下分别为275.119 s、130.051 m、32,较GTM(栅格-拓扑地图)、RRT的探索性能均有所提升.结果表明该方法有效地解决了机器人在空旷的厅堂环境下的探索难题以及RRT难以在含有狭窄入口的环境下快速扩展的问题. 展开更多
关键词 自主探索 代价评价 候选目标点检测 避障 ROS(机器人操作系统) 移动机器人
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