本文使用中国家庭动态跟踪调查(CFPS)数据,基于代理工具测试模型(Proxy means testing,PMT)并结合ROC曲线方法(Receiver Operating Characteristics)研究低保的反贫困瞄准问题.结果显示:城市单个贫困指数以卫生间类型、电脑拥有情况来...本文使用中国家庭动态跟踪调查(CFPS)数据,基于代理工具测试模型(Proxy means testing,PMT)并结合ROC曲线方法(Receiver Operating Characteristics)研究低保的反贫困瞄准问题.结果显示:城市单个贫困指数以卫生间类型、电脑拥有情况来衡量较为有效,农村单个贫困指数则以户主年龄、冰箱拥有情况来衡量较为有效.更改贫困概率门槛值会影响公共预算转移支付贫困瞄准结果,对于一个较低的贫困概率门槛值,其对应的覆盖率(公共预算转移支付覆盖贫困人口)和漏损率(非贫困人口被纳入公共预算转移支付)都比较高.当政策制定者把对覆盖贫困人口和排除非贫困人口的目标赋予同等权重时,城乡贫困概率门槛值约为0.5左右.当贫困率较低且使用与贫困率相同的瞄准率时,基于PMT模型的贫困瞄准较差.在贫困率给定的条件下,随着受益比率(包含率)的增加,贫困瞄准的精确性在提高.使用全覆盖所需预算的百分比下降时,覆盖率和漏损率也都呈现下降态势,贫困率逐渐上升,预算中做覆盖之用的比例上升,而预算中漏损部分的比例下降.贫困线的变动会影响覆盖率、漏损率.展开更多
Performance appraisal is one of the commonly used modern human resource management tools. Many companies which developed to a certain stage began to introduce performance management. But a lot of friends in human reso...Performance appraisal is one of the commonly used modern human resource management tools. Many companies which developed to a certain stage began to introduce performance management. But a lot of friends in human resources circles always hold a controversy on the effectiveness of performance management. In fact, there are problems on the methods and assessment scales. I personally think that a lot of companies use performance appraisal problem mainly occurs due to the presence misunderstanding the purpose of business resulting from the introduction of performance appraisal. For example： taking the wrong assessment methods, there is no breakdown of the work in advance, nor performed posts and responsibilities ; performance appraisal way to take a negative incentive, the employees complained of performance ; lack of strategic height of human resource management, performance appraisal that can not be linked with the actual situation. The following analysis of several performance evaluation methods and its influence is from the perspective of human resources. Each has its advantages and disadvantages, and also has different emphases. I want to share it with everyone and hope everyone can learn something from it.展开更多
In order to make decisions all companies need information. As a rule, all the informatics systems of a company contain a multitude of data and turn these data into information that has to be analyzed in order to make ...In order to make decisions all companies need information. As a rule, all the informatics systems of a company contain a multitude of data and turn these data into information that has to be analyzed in order to make decisions. It is a slow process. The solution of this drawback is given by Business Intelligence （BI） applications that can help companies increase income or diminish costs by offering the executive management appropriate information on the basis of which quick and efficient decisions can be taken.The main purpose of the paper is to prove the necessity that BI tools should be used by the modem manager. Managers are aware of that by putting into practice the BI solutions, opportunities of getting control over the business process and methods are improved and better, timely analysis functions of the performance parameters can be obtained.展开更多
This paper first explores the concepts of values and ethics, utilizing a social work framework. It proceeds to examine various dilemmas involved in communicating with others via social media tools. Historic boundary i...This paper first explores the concepts of values and ethics, utilizing a social work framework. It proceeds to examine various dilemmas involved in communicating with others via social media tools. Historic boundary issues between students and faculty are discussed, as well as emerging dilemmas that are becoming prevalent within electronic communicative networks （e.g., Skype, Facebook, Myspace, Linkedln, Twitter, and Texting）. The need for policy guidelines within academic environments in the use of social media is emphasized, Similar to the National Association of Social Workers （NASW） Code of Ethics, Arizona State University （ASU） is cited as a model in providing some structure regarding staff responsibility and unethical conduct within its academic setting. An enhancement of these guidelines to include electronic communication is recommended. Guidance is necessary to promote responsible communication, as the right to privacy, freedom of speech, and anonymity are all illusions of invulnerability.展开更多
Microsoft Agent 是微软公司发布的一项代理软件开发技术,随后被集成到 Internet Explorer 4.0 Plus 及更高的版本中,目前版本为2.0,支持简体中文。作为一种软件代理工具,Agent 以其鲜明的人性化特点、美丽的操作界面、简便统一的编程...Microsoft Agent 是微软公司发布的一项代理软件开发技术,随后被集成到 Internet Explorer 4.0 Plus 及更高的版本中,目前版本为2.0,支持简体中文。作为一种软件代理工具,Agent 以其鲜明的人性化特点、美丽的操作界面、简便统一的编程方法和强大的交互功能对由 Windows 控件组成的传统人机交互界面方式产生了极大的影响,在多媒体创作、教育软件、软件帮助系统、Web 应用和辅助工具制作等方面,Agent 技术具有非常广阔的应用前景。展开更多
文摘本文使用中国家庭动态跟踪调查(CFPS)数据,基于代理工具测试模型(Proxy means testing,PMT)并结合ROC曲线方法(Receiver Operating Characteristics)研究低保的反贫困瞄准问题.结果显示:城市单个贫困指数以卫生间类型、电脑拥有情况来衡量较为有效,农村单个贫困指数则以户主年龄、冰箱拥有情况来衡量较为有效.更改贫困概率门槛值会影响公共预算转移支付贫困瞄准结果,对于一个较低的贫困概率门槛值,其对应的覆盖率(公共预算转移支付覆盖贫困人口)和漏损率(非贫困人口被纳入公共预算转移支付)都比较高.当政策制定者把对覆盖贫困人口和排除非贫困人口的目标赋予同等权重时,城乡贫困概率门槛值约为0.5左右.当贫困率较低且使用与贫困率相同的瞄准率时,基于PMT模型的贫困瞄准较差.在贫困率给定的条件下,随着受益比率(包含率)的增加,贫困瞄准的精确性在提高.使用全覆盖所需预算的百分比下降时,覆盖率和漏损率也都呈现下降态势,贫困率逐渐上升,预算中做覆盖之用的比例上升,而预算中漏损部分的比例下降.贫困线的变动会影响覆盖率、漏损率.
文摘Performance appraisal is one of the commonly used modern human resource management tools. Many companies which developed to a certain stage began to introduce performance management. But a lot of friends in human resources circles always hold a controversy on the effectiveness of performance management. In fact, there are problems on the methods and assessment scales. I personally think that a lot of companies use performance appraisal problem mainly occurs due to the presence misunderstanding the purpose of business resulting from the introduction of performance appraisal. For example： taking the wrong assessment methods, there is no breakdown of the work in advance, nor performed posts and responsibilities ; performance appraisal way to take a negative incentive, the employees complained of performance ; lack of strategic height of human resource management, performance appraisal that can not be linked with the actual situation. The following analysis of several performance evaluation methods and its influence is from the perspective of human resources. Each has its advantages and disadvantages, and also has different emphases. I want to share it with everyone and hope everyone can learn something from it.
文摘In order to make decisions all companies need information. As a rule, all the informatics systems of a company contain a multitude of data and turn these data into information that has to be analyzed in order to make decisions. It is a slow process. The solution of this drawback is given by Business Intelligence （BI） applications that can help companies increase income or diminish costs by offering the executive management appropriate information on the basis of which quick and efficient decisions can be taken.The main purpose of the paper is to prove the necessity that BI tools should be used by the modem manager. Managers are aware of that by putting into practice the BI solutions, opportunities of getting control over the business process and methods are improved and better, timely analysis functions of the performance parameters can be obtained.
文摘This paper first explores the concepts of values and ethics, utilizing a social work framework. It proceeds to examine various dilemmas involved in communicating with others via social media tools. Historic boundary issues between students and faculty are discussed, as well as emerging dilemmas that are becoming prevalent within electronic communicative networks （e.g., Skype, Facebook, Myspace, Linkedln, Twitter, and Texting）. The need for policy guidelines within academic environments in the use of social media is emphasized, Similar to the National Association of Social Workers （NASW） Code of Ethics, Arizona State University （ASU） is cited as a model in providing some structure regarding staff responsibility and unethical conduct within its academic setting. An enhancement of these guidelines to include electronic communication is recommended. Guidance is necessary to promote responsible communication, as the right to privacy, freedom of speech, and anonymity are all illusions of invulnerability.
文摘Microsoft Agent 是微软公司发布的一项代理软件开发技术,随后被集成到 Internet Explorer 4.0 Plus 及更高的版本中,目前版本为2.0,支持简体中文。作为一种软件代理工具,Agent 以其鲜明的人性化特点、美丽的操作界面、简便统一的编程方法和强大的交互功能对由 Windows 控件组成的传统人机交互界面方式产生了极大的影响,在多媒体创作、教育软件、软件帮助系统、Web 应用和辅助工具制作等方面,Agent 技术具有非常广阔的应用前景。
