In the Indian Himalayan Region predominantly rural in character, livestock is one of the main sources of livelihood and integral part of the economy. Livestock mostly rely on fodder from wild. The diversity, distribut...In the Indian Himalayan Region predominantly rural in character, livestock is one of the main sources of livelihood and integral part of the economy. Livestock mostly rely on fodder from wild. The diversity, distribution, utilization pattern, nativity, endemism, rarity, seasonality of availability, nutritive values, perceived economic values and pressure use index of livestock have not been studied. The present study attempts to enumerate 150 species of fodder representing trees (51 spp.), shrubs (54 spp.) and herbs (45 spp.). Poaceae (19 spp.) and Fabaceae (13 spp.) amongst families and Salix (6 spp.), Ficus, Clematis, and Desmodium (5 spp., each) amongst genera are rich in species. Maximum species were found in the 1801 ~ 2600 m zone, and the remaining two zones showed relatively low diversity. Out of the 150 species, 109 are used in summer, 5 winter and 36 throughout year. During rainy season, mostly grasses are used as fodder. Only 83 species are native to the Himalayan region, one species, Strobilanthus atropuroureus is endemic and 35 species are near endemic. The nutritive values of the fodder species were reviewed, and economic values and status of the species were also assessed. The pressure use index of the species was calculated on the basis of cumulative values of the utilization pattern, altitudinal distribution, availability, status, nativity and endemism. Amongst the species, Grewia oppositifoilia, Morus serrata, Indigofera heterantha, Quercus leucotrichphora, Ulmus villosa, U. wallichiana and Aesculus indica showed highest PUI indicating high preference and pressure. Season wise prioritization of the species for different altitudinal zones has been done. Appropriate strategy and action plan have been suggested for the conservation and management of fodder species.展开更多
Gravitation is one of the basic phenomena of the world. Tremendous number of theoretical works on origin, nature, essentials, consequences, etc. of the gravitation and related phenomena were published so far. The most...Gravitation is one of the basic phenomena of the world. Tremendous number of theoretical works on origin, nature, essentials, consequences, etc. of the gravitation and related phenomena were published so far. The most prominent ones are based on the Albert Einstein＇s general theory of relativity. The author of this communication based his approach to the gravitation on Isaac Newton＇s law of the universal gravitation and related quantities, i.e. gravitational forces of matter objects, distance and motion. Namely on the fact, that the gravitation force is - as well as the inertia, mass, space ＂occupied＂ and other properties are - principal features/attributes/properties of matter objects. Gravitation is an additive property of matter objects. Taking into account other positivistic quantities like mass of the Earth, standard acceleration of gravity, and the value of the atomic unit of mass, the author defined a gravitational force of atomic unit （or ＂the Gravitational Force Quantum＂） as a gravitational force which exerts one atomic unit of Earth＇s mass on 1 kilogram of a mass on Earth＇s surface, and he calculated its value： GFO = 1.4958 × 10^-54 N. This quantity can be useful for further development of the ＂quantum mechanical＂ approach to the description and general notion about the world.展开更多
So many legal issues can be handled in public interest method. As some commentators have pointed out, the public interest is an ancient and new topic. It＇s a highly abstract prone to ambiguities and shortcomings of t...So many legal issues can be handled in public interest method. As some commentators have pointed out, the public interest is an ancient and new topic. It＇s a highly abstract prone to ambiguities and shortcomings of the concept. And it＇s also a basket that strange, confused and can not be discarded. Even critics simply deny the existence of public interest and regard the public interest as a myth. As it＇s difficult to define the public interest from political perspective, a democratic theory, legal perspective a theory of law, economic perspective a public choice theory, philosophical perspective a public philosophy, and other common perspective. The paper explores the law theory of public interest from the framework of the overflow theory and the perspective of the concept function, and provides an easy to use identification method of public interest for the judicial practice and administrative practices.展开更多
The social and environmental demands in Brazilian cities are usually neglected by the local municipal powers due to a heavy bias toward speculative capital. The main issue is a public administration that benefits the ...The social and environmental demands in Brazilian cities are usually neglected by the local municipal powers due to a heavy bias toward speculative capital. The main issue is a public administration that benefits the private initiative instead of popular and environmental values and needs. Despite federal efforts at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21 st century, water resources and urban reform policies are not able to ensure a connection between these two issues in the urban environment. Aiming at showing a new approach of citizenship and environmental rights in a developing country, Bauru, a Brazilian city located in the state of S^o Paulo, was used as a study case. In this scenario, the research is based on the action research method, in which a dynamic profile of the researchers was adopted in order to solidify environmental and social issues in the urban planning process. This article shows the advantages in using the river basin as an urban planning territory in the city master plan, and providing continuous technique support to the citizen, through the role played by the researcher-planner between government and population, as a way to possibly reach social and environmental interests. The territorial perception of the river basin by citizens brings effective environmental and social results.展开更多
随着创新科技与信息技术的快速发展,在智慧新警务大数据时代,有必要深入研究信息化项目在打击、防范、震慑、管控等方面增强实战力之问题。本文结合公安业务实际,提出了面向实战的信息化项目全生命周期绩效评价因素聚类分析方法(FCA,Fac...随着创新科技与信息技术的快速发展,在智慧新警务大数据时代,有必要深入研究信息化项目在打击、防范、震慑、管控等方面增强实战力之问题。本文结合公安业务实际,提出了面向实战的信息化项目全生命周期绩效评价因素聚类分析方法(FCA,Factorial and Cluster Analysis),对实战应用类、运维类和视频类项目进行了绩效评价管理实践性探索,建立了绩效实战力价值贡献度模型,形成了符合公安实战需求的项目级的事前、事中、事后全生命周期绩效评价管理体系,展示绩效评价管理的实战力价值及规律,提升实战性数据管理与服务实战的警务效能和绩效评价管理水平。展开更多
From the perspective of legal norms, the legal attributes of forensic testimony in the course of criminal proceedings are manifested in two forms： one is the collection of evidence; the other is the exercise of power...From the perspective of legal norms, the legal attributes of forensic testimony in the course of criminal proceedings are manifested in two forms： one is the collection of evidence; the other is the exercise of power. However, the values residing in these two legal attributes are not the same. The former emphasizes ＂justice,＂ and the latter, ＂efficiency.＂ An analysis of the legal norms governing forensic testimony in different periods shows that forensic testimony in criminal proceedings is gradually shifting from a pattern dominated by the exercise of power to one characterized by the collection of evidence. However, a genuine return to the essential character of forensic testimony as the collection of evidence must be premised on a change in the value orientation of the Criminal Procedure Law, that is, on a change from ＂efficiency＂ to ＂justice.＂展开更多
Following the outbreak of the subprime financial crisis,international accounting standards came under heavy fire for being strongly pro-cyclical.Under those standards,financial reporting mixes financial statement data...Following the outbreak of the subprime financial crisis,international accounting standards came under heavy fire for being strongly pro-cyclical.Under those standards,financial reporting mixes financial statement data with financial analysis data,seriously weakening the public interest function of financial reporting.An analysis using Marx’s fictitious capital theory shows that fair value accounting and asset impairment accounting are both defective.In line with the principle of“accounting based on legal fact,”we use the methodology of“historical cost accounting plus fair value disclosure”to distinguish between legal fact and financial expectations in financial reporting.This is a viable means of appropriately resolving the contradiction between ensuring that enterprise financial reporting observes domestic law and ensuring that it accords with international trends.展开更多
文摘In the Indian Himalayan Region predominantly rural in character, livestock is one of the main sources of livelihood and integral part of the economy. Livestock mostly rely on fodder from wild. The diversity, distribution, utilization pattern, nativity, endemism, rarity, seasonality of availability, nutritive values, perceived economic values and pressure use index of livestock have not been studied. The present study attempts to enumerate 150 species of fodder representing trees (51 spp.), shrubs (54 spp.) and herbs (45 spp.). Poaceae (19 spp.) and Fabaceae (13 spp.) amongst families and Salix (6 spp.), Ficus, Clematis, and Desmodium (5 spp., each) amongst genera are rich in species. Maximum species were found in the 1801 ~ 2600 m zone, and the remaining two zones showed relatively low diversity. Out of the 150 species, 109 are used in summer, 5 winter and 36 throughout year. During rainy season, mostly grasses are used as fodder. Only 83 species are native to the Himalayan region, one species, Strobilanthus atropuroureus is endemic and 35 species are near endemic. The nutritive values of the fodder species were reviewed, and economic values and status of the species were also assessed. The pressure use index of the species was calculated on the basis of cumulative values of the utilization pattern, altitudinal distribution, availability, status, nativity and endemism. Amongst the species, Grewia oppositifoilia, Morus serrata, Indigofera heterantha, Quercus leucotrichphora, Ulmus villosa, U. wallichiana and Aesculus indica showed highest PUI indicating high preference and pressure. Season wise prioritization of the species for different altitudinal zones has been done. Appropriate strategy and action plan have been suggested for the conservation and management of fodder species.
文摘Gravitation is one of the basic phenomena of the world. Tremendous number of theoretical works on origin, nature, essentials, consequences, etc. of the gravitation and related phenomena were published so far. The most prominent ones are based on the Albert Einstein＇s general theory of relativity. The author of this communication based his approach to the gravitation on Isaac Newton＇s law of the universal gravitation and related quantities, i.e. gravitational forces of matter objects, distance and motion. Namely on the fact, that the gravitation force is - as well as the inertia, mass, space ＂occupied＂ and other properties are - principal features/attributes/properties of matter objects. Gravitation is an additive property of matter objects. Taking into account other positivistic quantities like mass of the Earth, standard acceleration of gravity, and the value of the atomic unit of mass, the author defined a gravitational force of atomic unit （or ＂the Gravitational Force Quantum＂） as a gravitational force which exerts one atomic unit of Earth＇s mass on 1 kilogram of a mass on Earth＇s surface, and he calculated its value： GFO = 1.4958 × 10^-54 N. This quantity can be useful for further development of the ＂quantum mechanical＂ approach to the description and general notion about the world.
文摘So many legal issues can be handled in public interest method. As some commentators have pointed out, the public interest is an ancient and new topic. It＇s a highly abstract prone to ambiguities and shortcomings of the concept. And it＇s also a basket that strange, confused and can not be discarded. Even critics simply deny the existence of public interest and regard the public interest as a myth. As it＇s difficult to define the public interest from political perspective, a democratic theory, legal perspective a theory of law, economic perspective a public choice theory, philosophical perspective a public philosophy, and other common perspective. The paper explores the law theory of public interest from the framework of the overflow theory and the perspective of the concept function, and provides an easy to use identification method of public interest for the judicial practice and administrative practices.
文摘The social and environmental demands in Brazilian cities are usually neglected by the local municipal powers due to a heavy bias toward speculative capital. The main issue is a public administration that benefits the private initiative instead of popular and environmental values and needs. Despite federal efforts at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21 st century, water resources and urban reform policies are not able to ensure a connection between these two issues in the urban environment. Aiming at showing a new approach of citizenship and environmental rights in a developing country, Bauru, a Brazilian city located in the state of S^o Paulo, was used as a study case. In this scenario, the research is based on the action research method, in which a dynamic profile of the researchers was adopted in order to solidify environmental and social issues in the urban planning process. This article shows the advantages in using the river basin as an urban planning territory in the city master plan, and providing continuous technique support to the citizen, through the role played by the researcher-planner between government and population, as a way to possibly reach social and environmental interests. The territorial perception of the river basin by citizens brings effective environmental and social results.
文摘随着创新科技与信息技术的快速发展,在智慧新警务大数据时代,有必要深入研究信息化项目在打击、防范、震慑、管控等方面增强实战力之问题。本文结合公安业务实际,提出了面向实战的信息化项目全生命周期绩效评价因素聚类分析方法(FCA,Factorial and Cluster Analysis),对实战应用类、运维类和视频类项目进行了绩效评价管理实践性探索,建立了绩效实战力价值贡献度模型,形成了符合公安实战需求的项目级的事前、事中、事后全生命周期绩效评价管理体系,展示绩效评价管理的实战力价值及规律,提升实战性数据管理与服务实战的警务效能和绩效评价管理水平。
基金the Youth Project of the National Social Sciences Foundation"Linking Securies Administrative Punishment with Criminal Penalty"(No.11CFX048)support from the Project of the Institute of Foreign Law and Comparetive Law of East China University of Political Science and Law(No.SJ0709)the Disciplinary Building Project of Legal History of East China University of Political Science and Law(No.030102)
文摘From the perspective of legal norms, the legal attributes of forensic testimony in the course of criminal proceedings are manifested in two forms： one is the collection of evidence; the other is the exercise of power. However, the values residing in these two legal attributes are not the same. The former emphasizes ＂justice,＂ and the latter, ＂efficiency.＂ An analysis of the legal norms governing forensic testimony in different periods shows that forensic testimony in criminal proceedings is gradually shifting from a pattern dominated by the exercise of power to one characterized by the collection of evidence. However, a genuine return to the essential character of forensic testimony as the collection of evidence must be premised on a change in the value orientation of the Criminal Procedure Law, that is, on a change from ＂efficiency＂ to ＂justice.＂
基金the result of the Major Project of the National Social Science Fund of China(16ZDA029)the Key Project of the National Social Science Fund of China(13AFX019)+2 种基金supported by the Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education(13YJC790223)the Research Fund “Branding Research Project” of Renmin University of China,i.e.the Basic Research Funds for the Central Universities(16XNI006)
文摘Following the outbreak of the subprime financial crisis,international accounting standards came under heavy fire for being strongly pro-cyclical.Under those standards,financial reporting mixes financial statement data with financial analysis data,seriously weakening the public interest function of financial reporting.An analysis using Marx’s fictitious capital theory shows that fair value accounting and asset impairment accounting are both defective.In line with the principle of“accounting based on legal fact,”we use the methodology of“historical cost accounting plus fair value disclosure”to distinguish between legal fact and financial expectations in financial reporting.This is a viable means of appropriately resolving the contradiction between ensuring that enterprise financial reporting observes domestic law and ensuring that it accords with international trends.
