开放战略演化下的商业生态系统:基于腾讯的案例研究

以商业生态系统理论、开放式创新理论以及价值来源模型为基础,以腾讯科技有限公司为案例代表,阐释在开放战略演化过程中商业生态系统的商业模式产生了怎样的变化。研究发现:(1)企业在较为封闭的状态下,虽然通过垄断机制与并购机制形成市场份额上的优势,但却极大地阻碍产业创新、破坏产业生态链;(2)在众创空间介入开放战略前,企业已经开始探索以线上为主的孵化机制,线上主体多为二元且相互关系多为单向性,加之物理位置的缺失、单一的合作关系导致商业模式效率单方面增强,商业模式的互补性、锁定性与新颖性都较低;(3)在众创空间介入开放战略后,企业开放度得到扩展,核心企业通过提供线下物理空间的拓展实现资源开放与信息透明化、创造高效的信息交流渠道、促进多样化合作伙伴关系等,使得整个商业生态系统呈现多元主体、环绕式、合作关系多样化的稳定结构,商业模式在效率、互补、锁定、创新4个维度上都得到提高。

Strategic Management of Independent Film Production Companies

This article introduces the analysis of strategic management of film production companies. The first part presents processes and models of strategic management and introduces a new and unified model of strategic management. It is noteworthy that the film/film industry value chain helps to understand the notion that the links between separate stages have an impact on the company＇s competitive advantage and reveal how the main product in the film industry, the feature film, is developed. Therefore, the following part analyses models and composition of film industry value models. The final part of this article analyses the main features of a film production company and the sources of funding thereof. The strategic model of independent film production companies is based on the characteristics of strategic management and the value chain models of independent film projects.