随着移动通信与互联网技术的发展,传统通信业务已由单一的语音通信,发展为多元化、个性化的融合信息服务,通信产业价值链结构从以运营商为中心的模式向以用户体验为中心的模式转变。互联网与内容提供商以“内容驱动”为理念,灵活快速地...随着移动通信与互联网技术的发展,传统通信业务已由单一的语音通信,发展为多元化、个性化的融合信息服务,通信产业价值链结构从以运营商为中心的模式向以用户体验为中心的模式转变。互联网与内容提供商以“内容驱动”为理念,灵活快速地迭代产品并响应用户需求,市场份额快速提升,这导致运营商在产业价值链中逐渐被“管道化”。在数字化转型过程中,运营商通过重构、抽象5G网络功能,实现了网络按需编排、灵活适配和快速部署的能力,并基于业务支撑系统(business support system,BSS)/运营支撑系统(operation support system,OSS)(BO)融合与以用户为中心的运营模式增强用户体验,以期实现在产业价值链中地位和价值的提升。在回顾通信产业价值链发展的基础上,分析了运营商价值提升所面临的挑战,提出了一种基于5G网络嵌入式服务的5G价值面体系架构,给出了典型应用场景,并为运营商5G价值面的演进提供了路径建议,助力运营商驶向BO融合的下一站。展开更多
The study of green mass nutritional value of the black poplars euramerican hybrids--Populus euramericana （Dode） Guinier was conducted. The content of fodder units, digestible and crude protein, crude fat, fiber, ash...The study of green mass nutritional value of the black poplars euramerican hybrids--Populus euramericana （Dode） Guinier was conducted. The content of fodder units, digestible and crude protein, crude fat, fiber, ash, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, carotene and others was studied. The study showed that the leaves had greater nutritional value than stems and branches. The fresh leaves collected from the annual shoots of trees were more nutritious than annual coppice shoots of reproductive plantations but after drying the nutritional value of the materials became similar. Indicators of stems nutritional value were similar to those of wheat straw and those of leaves that were close to the nutritional value of alfalfa. Nutritional value of leafy shoots was intermediate between that of stems and leaves. Young coppice plant material is much easier to harvest than that of mature trees. Minirotation cultivation of poplars allows obtaining significant reserves of both wood and leafing biomass in a short period of time per unit area. The ＂old clones＂ of euramerican hybrids of black poplars are more winter resistant than some southern poplars of Italian breeding. This allows cultivating them not only in places of habitual areas of poplars, but also in more Northern regions.展开更多
In this study we examine the validity of the earnings-book value capitalization model in the pricing of bank stocks in Europe. We perform cross-sectional tests using a sample of banks operating in 21 European Union co...In this study we examine the validity of the earnings-book value capitalization model in the pricing of bank stocks in Europe. We perform cross-sectional tests using a sample of banks operating in 21 European Union countries. We split our sample into code and common law countries to control for the influence of the financial reporting system upon the pricing of earnings and book value. Our empirical findings suggest that disaggregating total reported clean surplus income into reported gains and losses from securities and other income increases the explanatory power of the accounting valuation model. Indeed, reported gains and losses from securities are priced lower than other income, irrespective of whether the financial reporting system is classified as a code or a common law system, probably because the market considers the former as a less stable source of income. Additionally, we observe that the pricing of both earnings and book value is influenced by the financial reporting system. We conclude that earnings announced under a common law financial reporting system are priced differently from those reported under the respective code law system. Finally, we provide evidence that comprehensive and dirty surplus income are two value relevant variables for banks reporting earnings under the code law system, although dirty surplus income is priced lower than clean surplus income.展开更多
The proposed paper focuses on art as a form of cultural expression and it presents data based on ethnographic information of famous Pakistani musical theatres in Lahore, Province of Punjab. Most description of the per...The proposed paper focuses on art as a form of cultural expression and it presents data based on ethnographic information of famous Pakistani musical theatres in Lahore, Province of Punjab. Most description of the performing arts is written by men with an exclusive male perspective. Little or no attempt has been made to explore women lives in performing theatre apart from their assigned role as physical crowd-pullers. This study presents how symbols are used to communicate, as each member of theatre community uses entire repertoire to convey messages, manual gesticulations, body gestures, facial expressions, dance patterns, a particular dress etc. at the cultural level. The central idea of this study is how artists use the body in performance to imagine and enact culture, values, humor, selfhood, and the complex relations among them. It discusses their real backstage life experiences and problems faced as well how and what type of contact they maintain with their audience and admirers. What are their moral values and what kind of social dilemmas they face, how the sexuality of theatre women is being controlled, their fears emotions, distress of theatre women etc. are the major research questions. In short, this anthropological inquiry takes into account all relevant social, cultural, political, economic, and religious dimensions of performing art.展开更多
Increasing foreign exchange problems and deteriorating prices of traditional exports have led policy makers and donor agencies to seek diversification in export crop production. In Ghana, crops such as pineapples and ...Increasing foreign exchange problems and deteriorating prices of traditional exports have led policy makers and donor agencies to seek diversification in export crop production. In Ghana, crops such as pineapples and mangoes appear promising because of their high labour intensity and expanding demand for fruits in Europe. Notwithstanding, there is a possible trade-off between export and food crop production because of the possibility of resource re-allocation. So far the major concern of government has been the growth in export earnings while the micro-level distributional effects remain under-investigated. The study focused on a household survey undertaken in the forest and coastal-savannah transition zones, where the farming system has undergone transition from an established food-crop farming for urban markets to an intensive production of horticultural products for export. Logistic regression and Gini coefficient approaches were used to estimate the determinants of household food availability and income distribution respectively. Though, households engaged in export horticulture appear better-off than those that do not, the sole adoption of either staple or export crop is not sufficient for improving food availability. Consequently, linkages which allow simultaneous and reliably access to equitable distribution of resources and services are critical for household survival in competitive global food markets展开更多
The article combines the background of Chinese system, theoretically derivates the relationship between corporate governance and their financial value, selects a sample of loss listed companies from 2003 to 2009, and ...The article combines the background of Chinese system, theoretically derivates the relationship between corporate governance and their financial value, selects a sample of loss listed companies from 2003 to 2009, and studies how the level of corporate governance affects the value of listed company losses. Research results show that, among corporate governance factors, the largest shareholder and the market for corporate control have obvious positive effects on the financial value of loss listed companies; the proportion of state-owned shares, the type of audit opinion, and corporate govemance factors have obvious negative effects on the financial value of loss listed companies; and managerial ownership, the proportion of independent directors, and the size of the board have no obvious driving effect on the financial value of loss listed companies.展开更多
The current study represents an attempt at experiential value, perceived quality and customer satisfaction influence on customer lifetime value. The sampling frame consisted of Star Cruises purchases in Taiwan. The au...The current study represents an attempt at experiential value, perceived quality and customer satisfaction influence on customer lifetime value. The sampling frame consisted of Star Cruises purchases in Taiwan. The authors have collected yield 268 questionnaires, by screening out 13 questionnaires, including those missing value or incomplete answer, and finally a usable sample of 255 questionnaires were utilized in this study. The results show that experiential value, perceived quality and customer satisfaction have positive effects to customer lifetime value. Especially, experiential value has the strongest direct effect. Therefore, if resources are limited, the manager should focus on shaping the experiential value to increase customer lifetime value. Implications for marketing theory and practitioners are discussed, and possible directions for future research are sketched.展开更多
文摘随着移动通信与互联网技术的发展,传统通信业务已由单一的语音通信,发展为多元化、个性化的融合信息服务,通信产业价值链结构从以运营商为中心的模式向以用户体验为中心的模式转变。互联网与内容提供商以“内容驱动”为理念,灵活快速地迭代产品并响应用户需求,市场份额快速提升,这导致运营商在产业价值链中逐渐被“管道化”。在数字化转型过程中,运营商通过重构、抽象5G网络功能,实现了网络按需编排、灵活适配和快速部署的能力,并基于业务支撑系统(business support system,BSS)/运营支撑系统(operation support system,OSS)(BO)融合与以用户为中心的运营模式增强用户体验,以期实现在产业价值链中地位和价值的提升。在回顾通信产业价值链发展的基础上,分析了运营商价值提升所面临的挑战,提出了一种基于5G网络嵌入式服务的5G价值面体系架构,给出了典型应用场景,并为运营商5G价值面的演进提供了路径建议,助力运营商驶向BO融合的下一站。
文摘The study of green mass nutritional value of the black poplars euramerican hybrids--Populus euramericana （Dode） Guinier was conducted. The content of fodder units, digestible and crude protein, crude fat, fiber, ash, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, carotene and others was studied. The study showed that the leaves had greater nutritional value than stems and branches. The fresh leaves collected from the annual shoots of trees were more nutritious than annual coppice shoots of reproductive plantations but after drying the nutritional value of the materials became similar. Indicators of stems nutritional value were similar to those of wheat straw and those of leaves that were close to the nutritional value of alfalfa. Nutritional value of leafy shoots was intermediate between that of stems and leaves. Young coppice plant material is much easier to harvest than that of mature trees. Minirotation cultivation of poplars allows obtaining significant reserves of both wood and leafing biomass in a short period of time per unit area. The ＂old clones＂ of euramerican hybrids of black poplars are more winter resistant than some southern poplars of Italian breeding. This allows cultivating them not only in places of habitual areas of poplars, but also in more Northern regions.
文摘In this study we examine the validity of the earnings-book value capitalization model in the pricing of bank stocks in Europe. We perform cross-sectional tests using a sample of banks operating in 21 European Union countries. We split our sample into code and common law countries to control for the influence of the financial reporting system upon the pricing of earnings and book value. Our empirical findings suggest that disaggregating total reported clean surplus income into reported gains and losses from securities and other income increases the explanatory power of the accounting valuation model. Indeed, reported gains and losses from securities are priced lower than other income, irrespective of whether the financial reporting system is classified as a code or a common law system, probably because the market considers the former as a less stable source of income. Additionally, we observe that the pricing of both earnings and book value is influenced by the financial reporting system. We conclude that earnings announced under a common law financial reporting system are priced differently from those reported under the respective code law system. Finally, we provide evidence that comprehensive and dirty surplus income are two value relevant variables for banks reporting earnings under the code law system, although dirty surplus income is priced lower than clean surplus income.
文摘The proposed paper focuses on art as a form of cultural expression and it presents data based on ethnographic information of famous Pakistani musical theatres in Lahore, Province of Punjab. Most description of the performing arts is written by men with an exclusive male perspective. Little or no attempt has been made to explore women lives in performing theatre apart from their assigned role as physical crowd-pullers. This study presents how symbols are used to communicate, as each member of theatre community uses entire repertoire to convey messages, manual gesticulations, body gestures, facial expressions, dance patterns, a particular dress etc. at the cultural level. The central idea of this study is how artists use the body in performance to imagine and enact culture, values, humor, selfhood, and the complex relations among them. It discusses their real backstage life experiences and problems faced as well how and what type of contact they maintain with their audience and admirers. What are their moral values and what kind of social dilemmas they face, how the sexuality of theatre women is being controlled, their fears emotions, distress of theatre women etc. are the major research questions. In short, this anthropological inquiry takes into account all relevant social, cultural, political, economic, and religious dimensions of performing art.
文摘Increasing foreign exchange problems and deteriorating prices of traditional exports have led policy makers and donor agencies to seek diversification in export crop production. In Ghana, crops such as pineapples and mangoes appear promising because of their high labour intensity and expanding demand for fruits in Europe. Notwithstanding, there is a possible trade-off between export and food crop production because of the possibility of resource re-allocation. So far the major concern of government has been the growth in export earnings while the micro-level distributional effects remain under-investigated. The study focused on a household survey undertaken in the forest and coastal-savannah transition zones, where the farming system has undergone transition from an established food-crop farming for urban markets to an intensive production of horticultural products for export. Logistic regression and Gini coefficient approaches were used to estimate the determinants of household food availability and income distribution respectively. Though, households engaged in export horticulture appear better-off than those that do not, the sole adoption of either staple or export crop is not sufficient for improving food availability. Consequently, linkages which allow simultaneous and reliably access to equitable distribution of resources and services are critical for household survival in competitive global food markets
文摘The article combines the background of Chinese system, theoretically derivates the relationship between corporate governance and their financial value, selects a sample of loss listed companies from 2003 to 2009, and studies how the level of corporate governance affects the value of listed company losses. Research results show that, among corporate governance factors, the largest shareholder and the market for corporate control have obvious positive effects on the financial value of loss listed companies; the proportion of state-owned shares, the type of audit opinion, and corporate govemance factors have obvious negative effects on the financial value of loss listed companies; and managerial ownership, the proportion of independent directors, and the size of the board have no obvious driving effect on the financial value of loss listed companies.
文摘The current study represents an attempt at experiential value, perceived quality and customer satisfaction influence on customer lifetime value. The sampling frame consisted of Star Cruises purchases in Taiwan. The authors have collected yield 268 questionnaires, by screening out 13 questionnaires, including those missing value or incomplete answer, and finally a usable sample of 255 questionnaires were utilized in this study. The results show that experiential value, perceived quality and customer satisfaction have positive effects to customer lifetime value. Especially, experiential value has the strongest direct effect. Therefore, if resources are limited, the manager should focus on shaping the experiential value to increase customer lifetime value. Implications for marketing theory and practitioners are discussed, and possible directions for future research are sketched.
