技术进步与粮食安全

从G函数的范式结构出发,以两部门的价格增长模型耦合耕地数量和粮食需求数量等约束条件,陈述了产品供给、非农业出口和农业进口与耕地、劳动力、资本和粮食需求约束数量的基本结构,表示了贸易市场与这些固定数量之间存在的统一关系。将分析的焦点集中于非农业出口和国内农业供给进步方面,结果表明,粮食安全和耕地保护问题的缓解,主要取决于经济体内生产能力的不断提高,即科技进步。耕地固定数量和粮食需求数量的实际约束作用,将逐步被技术进步所突破。

科技进步与通货膨胀

经济学的本质是研究市场不变下的技术组合,因此科技进步始终是经济研究的焦点,而在经济工业化的快速增长期里,科技进步更值得关注。此外,在工业化快速增长期里同样值得关注的是通货膨胀。因此,科技进步与通货膨胀的关系格外引起经济学家的兴趣。关于通货膨胀的定义以及有关分析,都基于固定替代弹性定律。这令人们想到,从已有的有关通货膨胀模型出发,融入技术的初始陈述,再运用固定替代弹性定律,便可以对科技进步与通货膨胀的基本关系进行分析。结果表明,技术进步会导致经济容量扩大,对货币的需求趋于宽松,在现有的经济学模型和统计手段里,会有助于通货膨胀。

中美利差对我国跨境收支影响的实证研究

利率作为资金成本与收益的重要衡量指标,对跨境资金流动具有举足轻重的影响。尤其是在当前中美利差不断扩大的现实情况下,研究国内外利差变动对跨境收支的影响具有较强的现实意义。通过实证研究发现,中美利差变动对跨境收支具有较大影响,并带来套利资金的加快流入,并提出了相应的政策建议。

The Chaotic Monopoly Price Growth Model

Deterministic chaos refers to an irregular or chaotic motion that is generated by nonlinear systems. The chaotic behavior is not to quantum-mechanical-like uncertainty. Chaos theory is used to prove that erratic and chaotic fluctuations can indeed arise in completely deterministic models. Chaotic systems exhibit a sensitive dependence on initial conditions. Seemingly insignificant changes in the initial conditions produce large differences in outcomes. To maximize profit, the monopolist must first determine its costs and the characteristics of market demand. Given this knowledge, the monopoly firm must then decide how much to produce. The monopoly firm can determine price, and the quantity it will sell at that price follows from the market demand curve. The basic aim of this paper is to construct a relatively simple chaotic growth model of the monopoly price that is capable of generating stable equilibria, cycles, or chaos. A key hypothesis of this work is based on the idea that the coefficient,π=[m（a-1）（e-1）^-eb]plays a crucial role in explaining local stability of the monopoly price, where,b^the coefficient of the marginal cost function of the monopoly firm, m--the coefficient of the inverse demand function, e--the coefficient of the price elasticity of the monopoly demand, a--the coefficient.