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2006-2016中国茶叶出口国际市场势力的实证研究 被引量:7
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作者 许咏梅 《茶叶》 2018年第2期65-71,共7页
中国是世界茶叶的发源地,也是世界最重要的茶叶贸易国之一。本文采用国际市场势力的测度方法:进出口差比与进出口价格差比、市场占有率、产成品的出口额与价格控制力对2006-2016年间中国茶叶出口的国际市场势力进行了测度与分析。结果表... 中国是世界茶叶的发源地,也是世界最重要的茶叶贸易国之一。本文采用国际市场势力的测度方法:进出口差比与进出口价格差比、市场占有率、产成品的出口额与价格控制力对2006-2016年间中国茶叶出口的国际市场势力进行了测度与分析。结果表明:中国茶叶出口国际市场具有一定的市场势力,其中,绿茶具有较大的国际市场势力,红茶不具有国际市场势力,乌龙茶的国际市场势力近年来有所下降,普洱茶的国际市场势力逐年增长,花茶则呈现波动态势。文章最后提出了重视茶叶生产,重视茶叶出口商的行为规则,发挥绿茶和特种茶的比较优势,提高茶叶产品质量卫生水平,加大宣传力度,从而进一步提高中国茶叶出口国际市场的势力。 展开更多
关键词 中国茶叶出口 国际市场势力 贸易差比 贸易单价差比 市场占有率 价格控制力
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On stochastic optimal control of partially observable nonlinear quasi Hamiltonian systems 被引量:10
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作者 朱位秋 应祖光 《Journal of Zhejiang University Science》 EI CSCD 2004年第11期1313-1317,共5页
A stochastic optimal control strategy for partially observable nonlinear quasi Hamiltonian systems is proposed. The optimal control forces consist of two parts. The first part is determined by the conditions under whi... A stochastic optimal control strategy for partially observable nonlinear quasi Hamiltonian systems is proposed. The optimal control forces consist of two parts. The first part is determined by the conditions under which the stochastic optimal control problem of a partially observable nonlinear system is converted into that of a completely observable linear system. The second part is determined by solving the dynamical programming equation derived by applying the stochastic averaging method and stochastic dynamical programming principle to the completely observable linear control system. The response of the optimally controlled quasi Hamiltonian system is predicted by solving the averaged Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation associated with the optimally controlled completely observable linear system and solving the Riccati equation for the estimated error of system states. An example is given to illustrate the procedure and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. 展开更多
关键词 Nonlinear system Partially observation Stochastic optimal control Separation principle Stochastic averaging Dynamical programming
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