影响司法独立的相关因素

我国的司法独立主要是指审判独立，而审判独立又包括两个具体原则：法院独立和法官独立。目前，司法独立受到严重破坏，导致这一现象的原因是多方面的，本文仅对司法独立有影响的三个因素进行分析，并对此提出了作者的见解。

Task Oriented Optimal Grasp Planning by Three Fingered Robot Hands

This paper presents a way for research on grasp planning of three fingered robot hands. According to the assortment of human hand grasping, two typical grasping poses for three finger grasps are summarized. The task requirements, the geometrical and physical features of the object and the information from the environment are synthesized. Grasp pose is deduced by task analysis, and the graspable plane is sought and determined. The process of grasp planning is finally carried out by determining three grasp points on the feasible grasp plane.

Optimized nonhyperbolic moveout correction equation of long-offset seismic data for TI media with an arbitrary spatial orientation

The conventional long-offset nonhyperbolic moveout equation is derived for the transverse isotropic media with a vertical symmetric axis（VTI）.It cannot be extended to the transverse isotropic media with an arbitrary spatial orientation of symmetry axis（ATI）.In this paper,we optimize a modified long-offset nonhyperbolic moveout equation for ATI media based on the conventional nonhyperbolic moveout equation and the exact analytical solution of the quartic moveout coefficient（A_4） and NMO velocity for ATI media that were derived in our previous work.Compared with the exact traveltimes of the ray-tracing algorithm for anisotropic media,this optimized equation can be used to calculate the traveltime varying with survey line azimuth in arbitrary strong or weak ATI media.It can replace the time-consuming, multi-offset,and multi-azimuth ray tracing method for forward modeling of long-offset reflection traveltimes in ATI media,which is useful to further anisotropic parameter inversion using long-offset nonhyperbolic moveout.

Scenario-based Participatory Design for Pervasive Computing

Lots of pervasive computing researchers are working on how to realize the user-centered intelligent pervasive computing environment as Mark Weiser figured out.Task abstraction is the fundamentation of configuration for pervasive application.Based on task-oriented and descriptive properties of scenario,a scenario-based participatory design model was proposed to realize the task abstraction.The design model provided users and domain experts a useful mechanism to build the customized applications by separating system model into domain model and design model.In this design model,domain experts,together with users,stakeholders focus on the logic rules(domain model)and programmers work on the implementation(design model).In order to formalize the model description,a human-agent interaction language to transform users' goals and domain rules into executable scenarios was also discussed.An agent platform-describer used to link design and implementation of scenarios was developed to realize the configuration of applications according to different requirements.The demand bus application showed the design process and the usability of this model.

Is Microcredit Targeted to Poor People？ Evidences From a Cambodian Microfinance Institution

This study extends research on the social performance of microfinance institutions. The research methodology is based on Grameen Progress out of Poverty IndexTM （PPITM） for Cambodia applied to a sample of borrowers randomly extracted from a Cambodian microfinance institution＇s loan portfolio. Dataset has been directly collected through in-house interviews. Main questions discussed here are： （1） Is microcredit targeted to poor people？ （2） Has the poverty rate of the sample changed in last six months？ and （3） What percentage of male vs. female clients is poor？ We found an average poverty likelihood of about 8.1%, estimated at the day of the interview, steady over a period of six months and not statistically different between male and female borrowers. This evidence might be related to business geographical location or targeting. Actually, PPI too much relies on asset ownership rather than on cash flows and saving capacity. Despite the general wisdom microcredit is targeted to the ＂poorest among the poor people＂, this is utterly consistent with a sound and safe （micro）banking activity, aimed at sustainable results. Here comes a call for a triple bottom line performance evaluation on microflnance institutions： economic, social and environmental effects of their activities

“GB/T 1348-2009球墨铸铁件”中值得商榷的几个问题

提出了2009年新版国家标准"GB/T 1348-2009球墨铸铁件"中的10个问题,与大家商榷。作者一一评析,阐明了自己的观点;重点对"试验结果的评定与复验"的规定详细讨论,分析了新国标中各种复验结果的评定方法对产品存在的风险概率;文章将新国标与1988年版国标、国际标准ISO 1083:2004、美国标准ASTM A536-84(R2004)作比较,指出了新国标的不足,得出新国标难以贯彻执行的原因不是过严而是过松的结论。给出了几点修订的意见,提出了加验的概念,强调加验不能在产品高风险的情况下进行。