The organizational structure change of enterprises should be subject to the change of strategy,and strategy change is the reaction to the environment change.This paper studied the expansion strategies and evolution pa...The organizational structure change of enterprises should be subject to the change of strategy,and strategy change is the reaction to the environment change.This paper studied the expansion strategies and evolution paths of hotel groups in China by a survey in 2007,in which the research objects were 91 hotel groups listed by China Tourist Hotels Association.The conclusions are drawn:based on the two dimensions of unification management function scope and the unification management degree,hotel groups can be divided into four strategic types,including strategically concentrated group,close function group,widespread alliance group and loose union group.Simultaneously there are three different expansion paths:stability path,growth path and undulation path.About 72.5% of Chinese hotel groups have a stability or growth expansion path.展开更多
The process of innovative development is stimulated by cities as centers of accumulated （regional） growth and innovative enterprises as elements of urban space. Cities stimulate innovations by creating a specific de...The process of innovative development is stimulated by cities as centers of accumulated （regional） growth and innovative enterprises as elements of urban space. Cities stimulate innovations by creating a specific demand for innovations and innovative products as well as specific incentives such as preferable conditions for creation, accumulation, usage, and exchange of knowledge and information. Diffusion of ideas has an impact on changes in environment resulting in increase in dynamics of innovation, which means possibilities of innovative development for local firms. The paper highlights the idea of an innovative city with respect to the impact of innovations on city development. The concept of an innovative city is not clearly defined because the interpretation of innovation is differentiated and ambiguous except for common denominator of the novelty. The paper underlines the role of city＇s environment for innovations＇ creation acting as an incubator for clusters of firms, particularly those engaged in the process of high-tech involvement （technology parks）. The option of an innovative city approach presented here is the author＇s view on an innovative city＇s growth and it is based on the role of synergic interaction between innovative firms as elements of a city space and an innovative city itself.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Social Science Foundation of China (No. 08BJY037)Ph. D. Programs Fundation of Ministry of Education of China (No. 200805581046)Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Ministry of Education of China (No. 09YJC630233)
文摘The organizational structure change of enterprises should be subject to the change of strategy,and strategy change is the reaction to the environment change.This paper studied the expansion strategies and evolution paths of hotel groups in China by a survey in 2007,in which the research objects were 91 hotel groups listed by China Tourist Hotels Association.The conclusions are drawn:based on the two dimensions of unification management function scope and the unification management degree,hotel groups can be divided into four strategic types,including strategically concentrated group,close function group,widespread alliance group and loose union group.Simultaneously there are three different expansion paths:stability path,growth path and undulation path.About 72.5% of Chinese hotel groups have a stability or growth expansion path.
文摘The process of innovative development is stimulated by cities as centers of accumulated （regional） growth and innovative enterprises as elements of urban space. Cities stimulate innovations by creating a specific demand for innovations and innovative products as well as specific incentives such as preferable conditions for creation, accumulation, usage, and exchange of knowledge and information. Diffusion of ideas has an impact on changes in environment resulting in increase in dynamics of innovation, which means possibilities of innovative development for local firms. The paper highlights the idea of an innovative city with respect to the impact of innovations on city development. The concept of an innovative city is not clearly defined because the interpretation of innovation is differentiated and ambiguous except for common denominator of the novelty. The paper underlines the role of city＇s environment for innovations＇ creation acting as an incubator for clusters of firms, particularly those engaged in the process of high-tech involvement （technology parks）. The option of an innovative city approach presented here is the author＇s view on an innovative city＇s growth and it is based on the role of synergic interaction between innovative firms as elements of a city space and an innovative city itself.
