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Risks Matrixes Risks Assessment Tools of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: The Case of Latvia
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作者 Inga Jansone Irina Voronova 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2014年第5期575-582,共8页
The enterprises need to assess the risk dynamic of financial instability and its impact on small and medium-sized enterprises' development, because it is important for enterprises to extend commercial activity and to... The enterprises need to assess the risk dynamic of financial instability and its impact on small and medium-sized enterprises' development, because it is important for enterprises to extend commercial activity and to open a new structural subdivision. We have researched types of risks, their identification, classification, and assessment possibilities in activities of small and medium-sized enterprises. We have used our own algorithm of identification, classification, and assessment of enterprises' risks. The goal of this research is to study the economic and financial risks' impact on small and medium-sized enterprises' development in Latvia. For study purpose, we have carried out the questionnaire of representative small and medium-sized enterprises about the economic and financial risks' impact on enterprises' development in Latvia. We have created classification of Latvian services sectors' economic and financial risks in the period from 2011 to 2012. Those risks have been included in the questionnaire. The risks matrix is a quantitative assessment tool of risks. We have created Latvian service sector economic and financial risks matrix. We have arranged risks by their sizes of possible losses for enterprises. For each risk has been assessed its probability of realization. We have created Latvian accommodations (hotel) and food services technological process risks map. Several parts of the risk map (segments) make it possible to assess each type of the risk separately in its segment. Risks matrix can be used to choose enterprises' strategy of risk management. Enterprise's strategy of risk management is developed by analysing zones of risk level. 展开更多
关键词 classification of risks risks assessment risks matrixes questionnaire of small and medium-sizedenterprises
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企业侵权责任的归责原则 被引量:11
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作者 石一峰 《中外法学》 CSSCI 北大核心 2018年第5期1380-1399,共20页
企业侵权责任是现代组织型社会中的重要责任类型,然而传统归责原则适用于该责任时却存在局限性。其中主观过错归责自无适用余地,而组织过错理论和危险归责本质上都依从于风险控制标准。企业之属性、能力及其责任产生机制表明以风险对企... 企业侵权责任是现代组织型社会中的重要责任类型,然而传统归责原则适用于该责任时却存在局限性。其中主观过错归责自无适用余地,而组织过错理论和危险归责本质上都依从于风险控制标准。企业之属性、能力及其责任产生机制表明以风险对企业归责有其必要性和可行性。依风险双边防范之需求,企业风险归责具有双边性,即需考量企业对于风险产生、持续的控制力和第三人对风险触发、维持的控制力。具体判断由法官依企业风险类型作个案裁决。在诉讼程序中,风险归责的判断一般采推定方式,亦可运用表见证明规则,但允许举反证反驳。在规范表达上,理想的方式是在未来民法典侵权责任编中以一般条款形式规定企业风险归责,权宜之计是引入风险要素对现行法进行解释适用。 展开更多
关键词 企业侵权责任 双边风险归责 企业风险类型 侵权责任编
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