Objectives: To review the incidence and characteristics of preventable childho od deaths in an urban population in the UK and to determine whether the excess o f preventable deaths seen previously in Asian girls still...Objectives: To review the incidence and characteristics of preventable childho od deaths in an urban population in the UK and to determine whether the excess o f preventable deaths seen previously in Asian girls still exists. Design: A retr ospective survey of childhood deaths from 1996-2002 classified in terms of prev entability and compared with a previous study conducted 20 years earlier from 19 76-82. Setting: The city of Wolverhampton in the UK. Main outcome measures: Dea ths from all causes in children under the age of 5 years. Results: There has bee n a reduction in the number of deaths in all age groups and from all causes. The postneonatal mortality rate fell from 6.5/1000 in 1976 to 3.1/1000 live births in 2002 largely because of the fall in the numbers of deaths caused by sudden in fant death syndrome (SIDS). Preventable deaths are still associated with low bir th weight (p< 0.001) and poverty (unemployment and overcrowding in the earlier s tudy (p< 0.05) and with the Townsend score in this study (p< 0.02)). There were fewer deaths among Asians and no female excess. There was a new category not see n in the previous study, deaths caused by homicide. The death rate for homicide in the first year of life was much higher in Wolverhampton (18.7/100 000) than i n England and Wales (4.6/100 000). Conclusions: Low birth weight and adverse soc ioeconomic conditions remain important factors associated with preventable death s. There is no longer an increased risk of preventable death in Asian girls. The number of non-accidental deaths is a major cause for concern.展开更多
韩少芙(Han Sai Por,1943-)是一位新加坡女性雕塑家,曾先后毕业于新加坡南洋美术学院(Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts)、东汉姆艺术学院(East Ham College of Art)、伍尔弗汉普顿艺术设计学院(the School of Art and Design of the Unive...韩少芙(Han Sai Por,1943-)是一位新加坡女性雕塑家,曾先后毕业于新加坡南洋美术学院(Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts)、东汉姆艺术学院(East Ham College of Art)、伍尔弗汉普顿艺术设计学院(the School of Art and Design of the University of Wolverhampton)和新西兰的林肯大学。她当过老师,后来又相继在多所艺术学院和教育学院做兼职讲师。展开更多
文摘Objectives: To review the incidence and characteristics of preventable childho od deaths in an urban population in the UK and to determine whether the excess o f preventable deaths seen previously in Asian girls still exists. Design: A retr ospective survey of childhood deaths from 1996-2002 classified in terms of prev entability and compared with a previous study conducted 20 years earlier from 19 76-82. Setting: The city of Wolverhampton in the UK. Main outcome measures: Dea ths from all causes in children under the age of 5 years. Results: There has bee n a reduction in the number of deaths in all age groups and from all causes. The postneonatal mortality rate fell from 6.5/1000 in 1976 to 3.1/1000 live births in 2002 largely because of the fall in the numbers of deaths caused by sudden in fant death syndrome (SIDS). Preventable deaths are still associated with low bir th weight (p< 0.001) and poverty (unemployment and overcrowding in the earlier s tudy (p< 0.05) and with the Townsend score in this study (p< 0.02)). There were fewer deaths among Asians and no female excess. There was a new category not see n in the previous study, deaths caused by homicide. The death rate for homicide in the first year of life was much higher in Wolverhampton (18.7/100 000) than i n England and Wales (4.6/100 000). Conclusions: Low birth weight and adverse soc ioeconomic conditions remain important factors associated with preventable death s. There is no longer an increased risk of preventable death in Asian girls. The number of non-accidental deaths is a major cause for concern.
文摘韩少芙(Han Sai Por,1943-)是一位新加坡女性雕塑家,曾先后毕业于新加坡南洋美术学院(Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts)、东汉姆艺术学院(East Ham College of Art)、伍尔弗汉普顿艺术设计学院(the School of Art and Design of the University of Wolverhampton)和新西兰的林肯大学。她当过老师,后来又相继在多所艺术学院和教育学院做兼职讲师。
