This paper describes changes in the structure of buds and vascular cambium as well as in protein content of one-year-old dormant branches of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. in water-culture conditions. Results confirm the exi...This paper describes changes in the structure of buds and vascular cambium as well as in protein content of one-year-old dormant branches of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. in water-culture conditions. Results confirm the existence of 2 quiescences (Q1, Q2) and 1 rest (R) phases in this tree during the dormancy period. In the R time, the E. ulmoides cambium was unable to reactivate even though the tree was subjected to exogenous IAA, suitable temperature or required luminosity. Furthermore, pistillate trees entered the dormant phase earlier than staminate ones. The protein content in the bark during Q1 increased significantly ( P < 0.01), but drastically decreased in the R period, before rising up again at the onset of Q2 ( P < 0.01). Even though the change pattern of protein content was similar, its occurrence is much earlier in staminate than in pistillate plants. SDS-PAGE revealed a 'special' protein band of 11.8 kD in the transitional Q1-R-Q2 stages. This 'special' protein bands would be related to the cambial dormancy and to the regulation of the Q1-R-Q2 transition.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the effects of two fluid resuscitations on the bacterial translocation and the inflammatory factors of small intestine in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Methods： Fifty SD healthy male rats we...Objective： To investigate the effects of two fluid resuscitations on the bacterial translocation and the inflammatory factors of small intestine in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Methods： Fifty SD healthy male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups （ n = 10 per group） ： Group A （ Sham group）, Group B （ Ringer＇ s solution for 1 h ）, Group C （Ringer＇ s solution for 24 h ）, Group D （ hydroxyethyl starch for 1 h ） and Group E （（ hydroxyethyl starch for 24 h）. A model of rats with hemorrhagic shock was established. The bacterial translocation in liver, content of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and changes of myeloperoxidase enzyme （MPO） activities in small intestine were pathologically investigated after these two fluid resuscitations, respectively. Results ： The bacterial translocation and the expression of TNF-α in the small intestine were detected at 1 h and 24 h after fluid resuscitation. There were significant increase in the number of translocated bacteria, TNF-α and MPO activities in Group C compared with Group B, significant decrease in Group E compared with Group D and in Group B compared with Group D. The number of translocated bacteria and TNF-α expression significantly decreased in Group E as compared with Group C. Conclusions： The bacterial translocation and the expression of TNF-α in the small intestine exist 24 h after fluid resuscitation. 6 % hydroxyethyl starch can improve the intestinal mucosa barrier function better than the Ringer＇ s solution.展开更多
Objective: To examine whether pancreatic proteolytic enzymes involve in lung injury induced by trauma/hemorrhagic shock (T/HS). Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats received intraluminal or intravenous pancreatic serine ...Objective: To examine whether pancreatic proteolytic enzymes involve in lung injury induced by trauma/hemorrhagic shock (T/HS). Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats received intraluminal or intravenous pancreatic serine protease inhibitor, 6 amidino 2 naphthyl p guanidinobenzoate dimethanesulfate (ANGD) during laparotomy (trauma), and were subjected to 90 minutes of T/HS or trauma sham shock (T/SS). Degree of lung injury was assessed 3 hours after resuscitation with Ringer’s lactate solution. Results: Lung permeability, pulmonary myeloperoxidase levels and the ratio of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein to plasma protein increased after T/HS, and significantly decreased in intraluminal ANGD treated but not in intravenous ANGD treated rats. Histological analysis demonstrated fewer injured villi in the intraluminal ANGD treated rats compared with those in the control rats. Linear regression analysis revealed that the percentage of injured ileal mucosal villi directly related to pulmonary polymorphic neutrophil sequestration and lung permeability to Evans blue dye. Conclusions: Pancreatic proteolytic enzymes in the ischemic gut may be important toxic factors contributing to lung injury after T/HS.展开更多
Aims In species with morphophysiological seed dormancy(MPD),little is known about the effects of desiccation of imbibed seeds on embryo growth and germination.We studied seed responses to dehydration in nine species w...Aims In species with morphophysiological seed dormancy(MPD),little is known about the effects of desiccation of imbibed seeds on embryo growth and germination.We studied seed responses to dehydration in nine species with different levels of MPD.Methods For each species,a control test was conducted by keeping seeds permanently hydrated and exposed to the optimal stratification-incubation sequenee to promote embryo growth.Simultaneously,tests were run in which seed stratification was interrupted for 1 month by desiccation at room temperature.Important Findings In Clematis vitalba and Ribes alpinum,with non deep simple MPD,desiccation affected neither embryo growth nor seed viability,but the desiccation led to a decrease of germinative ability in R.alpinum by 16%.The seeds of Narcissus pseudonarcissus subsp.munozii-garmendiae,with deep simple epicotyl MPD,tolerated desiccation in different embryo growth stages,but their germinative ability decreased slightly.The response of species with complex levels of MPD to desiccation was more variable:Delphinium fissum subsp.sordidum,with intermediate complex MPD,and Anthriscus sylvestris and Meum athamanticum,both with deep complex MPD,tolerated desiccation.In contrast,Ribes uva-crispa with nondeep complex MPD,Lonicera pyrenaica with intermediate complex MPD and Chaerophyllum aureum with deep complex MPD,had diminished germination ability by desiccation.Although seeds of the species with simple levels of MPD tolerated desiccation,those of some species with complex levels were also highly tolerant.Thus,desiccation did not induce secondary dormancy in late embryo growth stages.The desiccation tolerance of imbibed seeds of most of the nine species may show their adaptability to climate change in the Mediterranean region.展开更多
Sichuan Province has abundant leisure sports resources.An evaluation of the competitiveness of its leisure sports resources can provide a scientific basis for the selection and development of leisure sports industry c...Sichuan Province has abundant leisure sports resources.An evaluation of the competitiveness of its leisure sports resources can provide a scientific basis for the selection and development of leisure sports industry clusters in Sichuan Province.In addition,a competitiveness evaluation index system for leisure sports resources was constructed to assess the competitiveness of leisure sports resources for 21 regions in Sichuan Province.The results showed significant differences among the 21 regions,and they could be divided into three levels.Specifically,the first level included the seven regions of Chengdu,Leshan,Yibin,Mianyang,Zigong,Aba and Luzhou;the second level included the 11 regions of Ya’an,Guangyuan,Ganzi,Neijiang,Deyang,Guang’an,Liangshan,Nanchong,Panzhihua,Bazhong and Dazhou;and the third level included Meishan,Suining and Ziyang.In view of the resource conditions,environmental conditions,and development conditions,Chengdu,Leshan,Yibin,Mianyang,and Zigong were chosen as the most suitable areas for leisure sports industry clusters in Sichuan Province.Furthermore,suggestions for these five potential leisure sports industry clusters were proposed to promote the high-quality development of the sports industry in Sichuan Province.展开更多
文摘This paper describes changes in the structure of buds and vascular cambium as well as in protein content of one-year-old dormant branches of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. in water-culture conditions. Results confirm the existence of 2 quiescences (Q1, Q2) and 1 rest (R) phases in this tree during the dormancy period. In the R time, the E. ulmoides cambium was unable to reactivate even though the tree was subjected to exogenous IAA, suitable temperature or required luminosity. Furthermore, pistillate trees entered the dormant phase earlier than staminate ones. The protein content in the bark during Q1 increased significantly ( P < 0.01), but drastically decreased in the R period, before rising up again at the onset of Q2 ( P < 0.01). Even though the change pattern of protein content was similar, its occurrence is much earlier in staminate than in pistillate plants. SDS-PAGE revealed a 'special' protein band of 11.8 kD in the transitional Q1-R-Q2 stages. This 'special' protein bands would be related to the cambial dormancy and to the regulation of the Q1-R-Q2 transition.
文摘Objective： To investigate the effects of two fluid resuscitations on the bacterial translocation and the inflammatory factors of small intestine in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Methods： Fifty SD healthy male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups （ n = 10 per group） ： Group A （ Sham group）, Group B （ Ringer＇ s solution for 1 h ）, Group C （Ringer＇ s solution for 24 h ）, Group D （ hydroxyethyl starch for 1 h ） and Group E （（ hydroxyethyl starch for 24 h）. A model of rats with hemorrhagic shock was established. The bacterial translocation in liver, content of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and changes of myeloperoxidase enzyme （MPO） activities in small intestine were pathologically investigated after these two fluid resuscitations, respectively. Results ： The bacterial translocation and the expression of TNF-α in the small intestine were detected at 1 h and 24 h after fluid resuscitation. There were significant increase in the number of translocated bacteria, TNF-α and MPO activities in Group C compared with Group B, significant decrease in Group E compared with Group D and in Group B compared with Group D. The number of translocated bacteria and TNF-α expression significantly decreased in Group E as compared with Group C. Conclusions： The bacterial translocation and the expression of TNF-α in the small intestine exist 24 h after fluid resuscitation. 6 % hydroxyethyl starch can improve the intestinal mucosa barrier function better than the Ringer＇ s solution.
文摘Objective: To examine whether pancreatic proteolytic enzymes involve in lung injury induced by trauma/hemorrhagic shock (T/HS). Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats received intraluminal or intravenous pancreatic serine protease inhibitor, 6 amidino 2 naphthyl p guanidinobenzoate dimethanesulfate (ANGD) during laparotomy (trauma), and were subjected to 90 minutes of T/HS or trauma sham shock (T/SS). Degree of lung injury was assessed 3 hours after resuscitation with Ringer’s lactate solution. Results: Lung permeability, pulmonary myeloperoxidase levels and the ratio of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein to plasma protein increased after T/HS, and significantly decreased in intraluminal ANGD treated but not in intravenous ANGD treated rats. Histological analysis demonstrated fewer injured villi in the intraluminal ANGD treated rats compared with those in the control rats. Linear regression analysis revealed that the percentage of injured ileal mucosal villi directly related to pulmonary polymorphic neutrophil sequestration and lung permeability to Evans blue dye. Conclusions: Pancreatic proteolytic enzymes in the ischemic gut may be important toxic factors contributing to lung injury after T/HS.
基金supported by the local Government of Castilla-La Mancha(Regional Plan for Research and Technological Development,Regional Ministry of Education and ScienceProject:Germination ecology of 12 singular or threatened plant species with morphophysiological dormancy,PEII10-0170-1830).
文摘Aims In species with morphophysiological seed dormancy(MPD),little is known about the effects of desiccation of imbibed seeds on embryo growth and germination.We studied seed responses to dehydration in nine species with different levels of MPD.Methods For each species,a control test was conducted by keeping seeds permanently hydrated and exposed to the optimal stratification-incubation sequenee to promote embryo growth.Simultaneously,tests were run in which seed stratification was interrupted for 1 month by desiccation at room temperature.Important Findings In Clematis vitalba and Ribes alpinum,with non deep simple MPD,desiccation affected neither embryo growth nor seed viability,but the desiccation led to a decrease of germinative ability in R.alpinum by 16%.The seeds of Narcissus pseudonarcissus subsp.munozii-garmendiae,with deep simple epicotyl MPD,tolerated desiccation in different embryo growth stages,but their germinative ability decreased slightly.The response of species with complex levels of MPD to desiccation was more variable:Delphinium fissum subsp.sordidum,with intermediate complex MPD,and Anthriscus sylvestris and Meum athamanticum,both with deep complex MPD,tolerated desiccation.In contrast,Ribes uva-crispa with nondeep complex MPD,Lonicera pyrenaica with intermediate complex MPD and Chaerophyllum aureum with deep complex MPD,had diminished germination ability by desiccation.Although seeds of the species with simple levels of MPD tolerated desiccation,those of some species with complex levels were also highly tolerant.Thus,desiccation did not induce secondary dormancy in late embryo growth stages.The desiccation tolerance of imbibed seeds of most of the nine species may show their adaptability to climate change in the Mediterranean region.
基金The Sichuan Tourism Development Research Center(LY24-03)。
文摘Sichuan Province has abundant leisure sports resources.An evaluation of the competitiveness of its leisure sports resources can provide a scientific basis for the selection and development of leisure sports industry clusters in Sichuan Province.In addition,a competitiveness evaluation index system for leisure sports resources was constructed to assess the competitiveness of leisure sports resources for 21 regions in Sichuan Province.The results showed significant differences among the 21 regions,and they could be divided into three levels.Specifically,the first level included the seven regions of Chengdu,Leshan,Yibin,Mianyang,Zigong,Aba and Luzhou;the second level included the 11 regions of Ya’an,Guangyuan,Ganzi,Neijiang,Deyang,Guang’an,Liangshan,Nanchong,Panzhihua,Bazhong and Dazhou;and the third level included Meishan,Suining and Ziyang.In view of the resource conditions,environmental conditions,and development conditions,Chengdu,Leshan,Yibin,Mianyang,and Zigong were chosen as the most suitable areas for leisure sports industry clusters in Sichuan Province.Furthermore,suggestions for these five potential leisure sports industry clusters were proposed to promote the high-quality development of the sports industry in Sichuan Province.
