现代法治建设中的帮家“众节”习惯法——以2009年二月初一广西金秀帮家“众节”为考察对象

瑶族是历史悠久、文化丰富的居住在我国南方的民族。通过对广西金秀瑶族自治县六巷乡帮家屯"众节"的考察,可以进一步探究习惯法在现代法治建设中的地位与意义。"众节"习惯法由组织规范、程序规范、责任规范构成,它对村民自治制度具有补充作用,发挥着重要的自我管理功能。现代法治建设应当尊重习惯法的客观存在,吸纳和弘扬优秀的习惯法内容。

Wave Effect on the Ocean Circulations Through Mass Transport and Wave-Induced Pumping

The wave Coriolis-Stokes-Force-modified ocean momentum equations are reviewed in this paper and the wave Stokes transport is pointed out to be part of the ocean circulations. Using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts 40-year reanalysis data(ERA-40 data) and the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation(SODA) version 2.2.4 data, the magnitude of this transport is compared with that of wind-driven Sverdrup transport and a 5-to-10-precent contribution by the wave Stokes transport is found. Both transports are stronger in boreal winter than in summers. The wave effect can be either contribution or cancellation in different seasons. Examination with Kuroshio transport verifies similar seasonal variations. The clarification of the efficient wave boundary condition helps to understand the role of waves in mass transport. It acts as surface wind stress and can be functional down to the bottom of the ageostrophic layer. The pumping velocities resulting from wave-induced stress are zonally distributed and are significant in relatively high latitudes. Further work will focus on the model performance of the wave-stress-changed-boundary and the role of swells in the eastern part of the oceans.

CBS and NBC Expand Nightly News to 30 Minutes： A History of the 1963 Expansion

The year 1963 was pivotal for broadcast news. Walter Cronkite forever changed how the American people receive their news when he anchored the first 30 minute nightly news. During the 60s, television news had two strong rivals： the newspaper and the radio. The target audience for nightly newscasts was to a generation of people that were used to getting news elsewhere. Since people were familiar with getting the news from radio, news stations relayed the news the same way as it was done on the radio： as talking heads. In other words, the news stations used a trusted face to read the news to people without any improvements on presentation. This all changed when CBS and NBC saw a robust and lucrative future for the nightly news. This paper will outline the steps taken by the two networks to make an extended half hour evening news a reality.

Mechanisms of ＂Moral Panic＂ Generation in Modem Media： Ukrainian Experience

In this research, it considers the manipulative influence of mass communication on the society especially in the formation of moral panic in times of social-politics crisis--Revolution of Dignity （November 2013-February 2014） and during social-political stability. An attempt was made to determine the mechanism of implementation of this phenomenon in these periods the example of the news program ＂Facts＂ on ICTV channel and news on the TV channel ＂1＋1＂. The author makes two models of moral panic mechanism＇s formation： during the period of sociopolitical stability and in the period of sociopolitical crisis. Furthermore, it identifies the comparative characteristics of moral panic formation during the period of the sociopolitical stability and sociopolitical crisis.

Taking the ＂Local＂ out of Local News： Implications for an Informed Public

The meaning of ＂local＂ in TV news is not as straightforward as one might imagine. ＂Local＂ newscasts in several U.S. markets are outsourced to an independent company located hundreds of miles from the communities served. What are the implications of such a delivery system for coverage of local issues and the Jeffersonian ideal of an informed citizenry？ This study employs a content analysis of outsourced and local newscasts, using a data set of more than 1,000 stories from more than 30 hours of newscasts to determine if differences exist on story topics and source types. Does one type of station cover more public affairs stories than the other？ Does one type use more official sources, or more perspective from private individuals？ Even with the wide array of news sources currently available, local TV news still ranks as the most widely used information source. How well that source delivers information to local audiences is an important question to ask, particularly when the information may be coming from a great distance.

Tangents on TV： The Tangential Relationship of Narrative and Educational Content in Children＇s Television Through the Capacity Model

Previous studies have shown that children learn from educational television; however, these studies have not explored how closely the educational content of the program is integrated to the narrative. The following study uses a systematic content analysis of 100 top-rated U.S. children＇s television programs to explore the tangential relationship （i.e., distance） of narrative and educational content through the lens of the capacity model--which is built upon three basic components： narrative content, educational content, and the distance between them. Programs were analyzed for distance by examining lesson clarity and integration, show type, target audience age, and station type. One-way ANOVAs indicates significant differences between the means of these variables. Programs targeting younger children presented educational content that was closely integrated into the plotline of the program and helped further the story. However, as the target audience aged, the educational content became more tangential to the narrative content and was less tied to the plotline of the program.