含路径和终端约束的动态多目标优化是过程系统工程的一个重要研究方向,难度较高。传统蚁群算法仅适于离散问题,今采用混合正态分布描述信息素分布,并设计相应的解构造操作,使之拓宽至连续优化问题。通过对目标函数和约束矩阵的非劣排序...含路径和终端约束的动态多目标优化是过程系统工程的一个重要研究方向,难度较高。传统蚁群算法仅适于离散问题,今采用混合正态分布描述信息素分布,并设计相应的解构造操作,使之拓宽至连续优化问题。通过对目标函数和约束矩阵的非劣排序,确定解的等级,用以克服传统约束处理方法的局限性。借鉴了免疫系统的浓度概念,将其与解的等级结合,共同确定解的适应度,有助于保持种群的多样性。在更新信息素时将利用外部优解库和种群信息,可加快收敛速度。基于拥挤度距离更新外部优解库可更均匀地逼近Pareto最优解集。由此构建了一种基于免疫机制的多目标蚁群算法(Immune Mechanism based Multi-Objective Ant Colony Algorithm,IM-MOACA),并用于间歇反应器的动态多目标优化问题,效果良好,显示出较强的全局优化性能,能以较快的速度逼近真实的Pareto最优前沿,可为用户进行合理的决策分析提供有效的支持。展开更多
One-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous model of an axial flow converter and one-dimensional heteroge-neous model of a horizontal converter have been presented, which describe the distribution of gaseous composition,temper...One-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous model of an axial flow converter and one-dimensional heteroge-neous model of a horizontal converter have been presented, which describe the distribution of gaseous composition,temperature and pressure along the height in the two converters, respectively. Design optimization methods of the two converters have been proposed, by which the minimum catalyst volume can be obtained to satisfy the productive capacity of 1000 tons per day, when the operating pressure is 15.0, 10.0 and 7.5 MPa, respectively.展开更多
In order to increase the productivity of microreactors, the parallelization of the microreactors is required. The performances of flow distributors can affect the product yield and fault detection ability when blockag...In order to increase the productivity of microreactors, the parallelization of the microreactors is required. The performances of flow distributors can affect the product yield and fault detection ability when blockage happens.In this research, an optimal design method to calculate the channel diameters and to determine the flow sensor location is derived based on mass balance and pressure balance models of split-and-recombine-type flow distributors(SRFDs). The model accuracy is verified by experiment data. The proposed method is applied to optimal design of SRFDs under constant flow rate operation conditions. The maximum angle difference between normal and blockage conditions at one sensor to those at the other sensors is set to be the objective function and the uniformity of flow distribution in microreactors under normal condition is also required. The diameters of each pipe in SRFDs are selected as the design variables. Simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the optimization problem. The effectiveness of the optimal design results is demonstrated by fluid dynamics simulations. The results show that using the optimal channel diameters of SRFDs, the pressure drop in SRFD section is lower than that of the microreactor section. Meanwhile, in the case studies, only a few sensors that are located inside the SRFDs can easily detect the blockage abnormal condition in the parallelized microreactor system.展开更多
The present investigation targets minimum cost of reactors in series for the case of one single chemical reaction, considering plug flow and stirred tank reactor(s) in the sequence of flow reactors. Using Guthrie'...The present investigation targets minimum cost of reactors in series for the case of one single chemical reaction, considering plug flow and stirred tank reactor(s) in the sequence of flow reactors. Using Guthrie's cost correlations three typical cases were considered based on the profile of the reaction rate reciprocal versus conversion. Significant differences were found compared to the classical approach targeting minimum total reactor volume.展开更多
A novel photocatalytic reactor was developed to remove （1,1-bis（4-chlorophenyl）-2,2,2-trichloroethane） （DDT） from water. In the reactor, a cenosphere was used to support TiO2 film made by means of sol-gel. Becau...A novel photocatalytic reactor was developed to remove （1,1-bis（4-chlorophenyl）-2,2,2-trichloroethane） （DDT） from water. In the reactor, a cenosphere was used to support TiO2 film made by means of sol-gel. Because the cenospheres were coated with TiO2, their specific gravity was slightly increased from the original 0.6-0.8 to 0.8-0.9, so that they were able to be suspended in water. With the mixed operation of a bubbler, the water in the reactor was in a well-fluidized state. The bottom of the reactor is a sand filter bed, which can be used to prevent the photocatalyst from being lost. A mathematical model of the reactor has been developed in the two primary influential factors： ultraviolet （UV） light intensity and photocatalyst concentration. With such a model, the reactor can be designed more reasonably.展开更多
文摘含路径和终端约束的动态多目标优化是过程系统工程的一个重要研究方向,难度较高。传统蚁群算法仅适于离散问题,今采用混合正态分布描述信息素分布,并设计相应的解构造操作,使之拓宽至连续优化问题。通过对目标函数和约束矩阵的非劣排序,确定解的等级,用以克服传统约束处理方法的局限性。借鉴了免疫系统的浓度概念,将其与解的等级结合,共同确定解的适应度,有助于保持种群的多样性。在更新信息素时将利用外部优解库和种群信息,可加快收敛速度。基于拥挤度距离更新外部优解库可更均匀地逼近Pareto最优解集。由此构建了一种基于免疫机制的多目标蚁群算法(Immune Mechanism based Multi-Objective Ant Colony Algorithm,IM-MOACA),并用于间歇反应器的动态多目标优化问题,效果良好,显示出较强的全局优化性能,能以较快的速度逼近真实的Pareto最优前沿,可为用户进行合理的决策分析提供有效的支持。
文摘One-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous model of an axial flow converter and one-dimensional heteroge-neous model of a horizontal converter have been presented, which describe the distribution of gaseous composition,temperature and pressure along the height in the two converters, respectively. Design optimization methods of the two converters have been proposed, by which the minimum catalyst volume can be obtained to satisfy the productive capacity of 1000 tons per day, when the operating pressure is 15.0, 10.0 and 7.5 MPa, respectively.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21466026,61364009)NJZZ(14054)
文摘In order to increase the productivity of microreactors, the parallelization of the microreactors is required. The performances of flow distributors can affect the product yield and fault detection ability when blockage happens.In this research, an optimal design method to calculate the channel diameters and to determine the flow sensor location is derived based on mass balance and pressure balance models of split-and-recombine-type flow distributors(SRFDs). The model accuracy is verified by experiment data. The proposed method is applied to optimal design of SRFDs under constant flow rate operation conditions. The maximum angle difference between normal and blockage conditions at one sensor to those at the other sensors is set to be the objective function and the uniformity of flow distribution in microreactors under normal condition is also required. The diameters of each pipe in SRFDs are selected as the design variables. Simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the optimization problem. The effectiveness of the optimal design results is demonstrated by fluid dynamics simulations. The results show that using the optimal channel diameters of SRFDs, the pressure drop in SRFD section is lower than that of the microreactor section. Meanwhile, in the case studies, only a few sensors that are located inside the SRFDs can easily detect the blockage abnormal condition in the parallelized microreactor system.
文摘The present investigation targets minimum cost of reactors in series for the case of one single chemical reaction, considering plug flow and stirred tank reactor(s) in the sequence of flow reactors. Using Guthrie's cost correlations three typical cases were considered based on the profile of the reaction rate reciprocal versus conversion. Significant differences were found compared to the classical approach targeting minimum total reactor volume.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program of China (No. 2006BAJ08B06)the Major Projects on Control and Rectification of Water Body Pollution by Ministry of Environmental Protection (No. 2008ZX07421-002), China
文摘A novel photocatalytic reactor was developed to remove （1,1-bis（4-chlorophenyl）-2,2,2-trichloroethane） （DDT） from water. In the reactor, a cenosphere was used to support TiO2 film made by means of sol-gel. Because the cenospheres were coated with TiO2, their specific gravity was slightly increased from the original 0.6-0.8 to 0.8-0.9, so that they were able to be suspended in water. With the mixed operation of a bubbler, the water in the reactor was in a well-fluidized state. The bottom of the reactor is a sand filter bed, which can be used to prevent the photocatalyst from being lost. A mathematical model of the reactor has been developed in the two primary influential factors： ultraviolet （UV） light intensity and photocatalyst concentration. With such a model, the reactor can be designed more reasonably.
