[ Objective] The aim was to observe the ultrastructure of different callus structures in Heiya No. 14 by transmission electron microscopy. [Methods] Sample preparation and observation were both carried out by conventi...[ Objective] The aim was to observe the ultrastructure of different callus structures in Heiya No. 14 by transmission electron microscopy. [Methods] Sample preparation and observation were both carried out by conventional transmission electron microscopy. [ Results] It was showed by transmission electron microscopy that the initial callus cells had a large central vacuole, which squeezed its cytoplasm to be a thin layer around the brim of cell, Meanwhile the nuclear was also squeezed to distribute in the corner of cell, but its nucleolus could be still observed; Compared embryogenic callus with initial callus, its cell wall became thick, and many starch grains and chloroplasts including starch grains could be observed in the cytoplasm area of cell membrane; In non-embryoenic callus, no organelles except for the vacuole could be observed; In browning callus, there was almost no organelles in cells. [ Conclusion] There are significant differences in different types of flax callus at the cell ultrastructure level, which can be as an index for reflecting the differentiation ability of callus cell.展开更多
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the complications for the mother and newborn, using vacuum extraction, and to compare them with spontaneous delivery. This study included group of vacuum-assisted deliverie...The purpose of this research was to evaluate the complications for the mother and newborn, using vacuum extraction, and to compare them with spontaneous delivery. This study included group of vacuum-assisted deliveries in time period 2014-2016 （n = 726） in Riga Maternity Hospital, and it was compared to the group of spontaneous vaginal deliveries （n = 726）. Data statistically processed in Microsoft Excel mid SPSS Statistics 22.0. Results of the study： in vacuum-assisted deliveries vaginal lacerations was 13.8% more, cervical lacerations was 9.8% more than in group of spontaneous vaginal deliveries, perineal lacerations were 25.6% less in group with vacuum extraction, neonatal cephalohematomas was 26.9% more, and clavicle factures was 3.3% more in vacuum-assisted deliveries. Vacuum extraction was used for the first delivery in 86.9% of cases, for the second delivery 10,9% of cases. Vacuum-assisted deliveries in comparison with spontaneous vaginal deliveries are associated with higher risks for maternal soft tissue ruptures and neonatal cephalohematomas, clavicle factures. It is important to evaluate the indications for use of vacuum extractor. Staff skills, using vacuum extraction method, should be at a high level.展开更多
基金Supported by Harbin Postdoctoral Foundation(LRB08-491)~~
文摘[ Objective] The aim was to observe the ultrastructure of different callus structures in Heiya No. 14 by transmission electron microscopy. [Methods] Sample preparation and observation were both carried out by conventional transmission electron microscopy. [ Results] It was showed by transmission electron microscopy that the initial callus cells had a large central vacuole, which squeezed its cytoplasm to be a thin layer around the brim of cell, Meanwhile the nuclear was also squeezed to distribute in the corner of cell, but its nucleolus could be still observed; Compared embryogenic callus with initial callus, its cell wall became thick, and many starch grains and chloroplasts including starch grains could be observed in the cytoplasm area of cell membrane; In non-embryoenic callus, no organelles except for the vacuole could be observed; In browning callus, there was almost no organelles in cells. [ Conclusion] There are significant differences in different types of flax callus at the cell ultrastructure level, which can be as an index for reflecting the differentiation ability of callus cell.
文摘The purpose of this research was to evaluate the complications for the mother and newborn, using vacuum extraction, and to compare them with spontaneous delivery. This study included group of vacuum-assisted deliveries in time period 2014-2016 （n = 726） in Riga Maternity Hospital, and it was compared to the group of spontaneous vaginal deliveries （n = 726）. Data statistically processed in Microsoft Excel mid SPSS Statistics 22.0. Results of the study： in vacuum-assisted deliveries vaginal lacerations was 13.8% more, cervical lacerations was 9.8% more than in group of spontaneous vaginal deliveries, perineal lacerations were 25.6% less in group with vacuum extraction, neonatal cephalohematomas was 26.9% more, and clavicle factures was 3.3% more in vacuum-assisted deliveries. Vacuum extraction was used for the first delivery in 86.9% of cases, for the second delivery 10,9% of cases. Vacuum-assisted deliveries in comparison with spontaneous vaginal deliveries are associated with higher risks for maternal soft tissue ruptures and neonatal cephalohematomas, clavicle factures. It is important to evaluate the indications for use of vacuum extractor. Staff skills, using vacuum extraction method, should be at a high level.
