Social capital has been recognised as a factor affecting sustainable development in every discipline. A network or a partnership is identified as a ＂structural＂ form of social capital and a tool to empower participa...Social capital has been recognised as a factor affecting sustainable development in every discipline. A network or a partnership is identified as a ＂structural＂ form of social capital and a tool to empower participants in the networks. There is a belief that social networks can be initiated or created at every level of social capital, from micro to macro. However, the concept of community is the key component of social capital, creating both physical ties （geographical locality） and normative behaviours （sense of belonging）. Therefore, this study is intended to enhance social capital at the community or micro-level, in order to sustain tourism development in those areas, and networking is initiated to enhance social capital. Participatory Action Research （PAR） was applied to tourism development in Kon Kaen Province. Tools and techniques used during this study included： observations, preliminary meetings, community meetings, tourism audits, workshops, and network meetings. Eleven districts in Khon Kaen were actively involved in the planning process.展开更多
Since the 1990s, indigenous people in Taiwan have engaged in tribal councils for the purpose of integrating the tribal authority and the modern administrative system. The establishment of tribal councils provides a co...Since the 1990s, indigenous people in Taiwan have engaged in tribal councils for the purpose of integrating the tribal authority and the modern administrative system. The establishment of tribal councils provides a communicative forum for tribal leaders, village, and the association of community development to make decisions of common tribal affairs. When disasters happen, the internal tribal response strategies and external assistance mechanisms might cooperate through either traditional or modern administrative systems. The research focused on how these organizations, while in interim housing, influenced the reconstruction and rehabilitation after disasters. The research＇s findings suggested that tribal councils, a pre-existing mechanism, seemed to be an appropriate forum for negotiation and decision-making for tribal affairs.展开更多
文摘Social capital has been recognised as a factor affecting sustainable development in every discipline. A network or a partnership is identified as a ＂structural＂ form of social capital and a tool to empower participants in the networks. There is a belief that social networks can be initiated or created at every level of social capital, from micro to macro. However, the concept of community is the key component of social capital, creating both physical ties （geographical locality） and normative behaviours （sense of belonging）. Therefore, this study is intended to enhance social capital at the community or micro-level, in order to sustain tourism development in those areas, and networking is initiated to enhance social capital. Participatory Action Research （PAR） was applied to tourism development in Kon Kaen Province. Tools and techniques used during this study included： observations, preliminary meetings, community meetings, tourism audits, workshops, and network meetings. Eleven districts in Khon Kaen were actively involved in the planning process.
文摘Since the 1990s, indigenous people in Taiwan have engaged in tribal councils for the purpose of integrating the tribal authority and the modern administrative system. The establishment of tribal councils provides a communicative forum for tribal leaders, village, and the association of community development to make decisions of common tribal affairs. When disasters happen, the internal tribal response strategies and external assistance mechanisms might cooperate through either traditional or modern administrative systems. The research focused on how these organizations, while in interim housing, influenced the reconstruction and rehabilitation after disasters. The research＇s findings suggested that tribal councils, a pre-existing mechanism, seemed to be an appropriate forum for negotiation and decision-making for tribal affairs.
