甘肃省牛蜱传性血液原虫生物学特性研究及病原的分离

用病原检查法对甘肃省４２个县市的１３１１头牛进行了牛蜱传性血液原虫病的大面积调查，证实该省牛蜱传染性血液原虫的种类为双芽巴贝斯虫、大巴贝斯虫、瑟氏泰勒虫、环形泰勒虫及边缘边虫等５种病原，并描述了它们在不同生态区的分布特征；通过蜱传播试验证实了主要病原的媒介蜱；利用虫种分离繁殖技术分离了５种病原，并进行了低温保藏试验，建立了甘肃省蜱传性血液原虫虫种库。

甘肃省牛的蜱传性血液原虫虫种和分布特征的调查

利用病原检查法在甘肃省42个县市对1311头牛进行了牛蜱传性血液原虫调查,并研究了不同生态地区虫种的分布特征。调查共发现双芽巴贝西虫、大巴贝西虫、边缘边虫、瑟氏泰勒虫、环形泰勒虫5种病原。双芽巴贝西虫分布于文县、康县,感染率为3.33％～6.25％;大巴贝西虫分布于两当、天水北道、康县、成县、清水、崇信等地;瑟氏泰勒虫分布于陇南山区、陇东高原 及夏河、临夏、天祝、武威、张掖、定西、临洮等地,感染率为4.16％～100％;环形泰勒虫分布于临泽、民乐、安西、高台、敦煌、永昌、民勤等地,感染率为24.3％～90.32％;边缘边虫主要分布于陇南各县及崇信县。这次调查中发现的大巴西虫和边缘边虫在甘肃系首次报道。

甘肃省中部地区羊蜱传性血液原虫病的调查

本文报道的是甘肃中部地区永靖、七里河等１０县区的羊蜱传性血液原虫病的调查。共调查羊４６６只，其中绵羊３７４只，山羊５２只，黄羊４０只，每只羊抹血片２张，共镜检血片９３２张。发现绵羊泰勒虫和绵羊边虫两种病原。绵羊泰勒虫的感染为主，羊只感染率平均为４５．２４％，高的可达６３．４６％。共采集蜱１９７１只，经鉴定有青海血蜱、长角血蜱、森林革蜱和银盾革蜱４种。青海血蜱是绵羊泰勒虫的媒介蜱。

牛羊蜱传性血液原虫超微结构的研究——边缘无浆体的超微结构观察

电镜观察显示,人工感染边缘无浆体,多数位于红细胞内边缘部位,外面有一个不规则的边缘和一个界限膜,带有6个或7个周边突起.边缘无浆体内由3个、4个或8个初级小体组成.每个初级小体都有一个细胞壁和原生质的膜.初级小体有一个时呈卵圆形、或椭圆形。叵初级小体数目增加时,边缘无浆体大部份呈不定形,四角形或五角形.

牛羊蜱传性血液原虫的人工繁殖技术探讨

牛羊血液原虫病属于常见的一种地方性以及蜱传性的寄生虫疾病,如果牛羊感染疾病,就会严重的危害到身体健康,因此需要养殖户非常的重视牛羊血液原虫病的防控工作。牛羊血液原虫病的发病率与死亡率非常高,会严重的影响到养殖户经济效益与畜牧养殖业的良性发展。本文主要分析牛羊血液原虫的人工繁殖技术。

不同杂交组合牛及云南瘤牛抗蜱性能研究

对小哨、曼中田、六六呼和南京里4个牧场的牛蜱类进行调查，发现有微小牛蜱（B．microplus）、镰形扇头蜱（R．haemaphysalaides）和二棘血蜱（H.bispinsa）3种硬蜱。其中微小牛蜱为优势种，感染数量和对牛的为害程度远高于其他2个种。全放牧条件下午蜱感染情况调查发现：小哨的年蜱高发期为6－9月，曼中田为2－5月。不同品种的牛，其抗蜱性能差别较大。莫累灰及其血缘含量高的牛抗蜱能力相对较差，即使在寒冷及其它恶劣的气候环境下，也能让较多的蜱完成其生活史。选择不同杂文组合肉牛做人工感染试验，每组3头，每头接种500只幼蜱。结果奖累灰半身上成活的蜱最多。平均达94只／头，并且蜱能较快饱血，迅速、大量地污染草场。云南黄牛、婆罗门及其血缘含量高的牛抗蜱能力相对较强。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Three Guizhou Local Pig Breeds Using Microsatellite DNA Markers

[Objective] The research aimed to provide the genetic basis for the protection, development and utilization of Guizhou local pig breeds. [Method] From 27 pairs of porcine microsatellite primers recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations （FAO） and international Society for Animal Genetics （ISAG）, six pairs （S0155, SW240, IGF1, SW951, SW857, SW24） were selected for microsatellite DNA detection of three Guizhou local pig breeds, including Nuogu Pig, Kele Pig and Guanling Pig. Subsequently, their genetic diversities were analyzed. [ Result] The three pig breeds were high polymorphic at the six microsatellite loci （PIC 〉0.5）. The Nei＇s standard genetic distance of them was 0.206 3 -0.481 5. The genetic distance between Nuogu Pig and Kele Pig Was the closest, and that between Nuogu Pig and Guanling Pig was the furthest. [ Conclusion] The three Guizhou local pig breeds are in high genetic diversities. Nuogu Pig is a special type of Kele Pig, an excellent Chinese local pig breed.

Efficiency and safety of lamivudine therapy in patients with chronic HBV infection, dialysis or after kidney transplantation

AIM: To analyze the effectiveness and safety of lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic HBV infection undergoing hemodialysis or after kidney transplantation, and to study the frequency of tyrosine - methionine - aspartate - aspartate (YMDD) mutation occurrence after lamivudine treatment. METHODS: We analyzed 91 patients with chronic hepatitis B, among whom, 16 patients underwent hemodialysis, 7 patients had kidney transplantation and 68 patients had normal function of kidney. The hemodialysis patients were treated by lamivudine 300 mg/wk. patients after kidney transplantation and patiente with normal function of kidney were treated with lamivudine 100 mg/d. Therapy lasted for 12 mo. HBV-DNA, HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBe, and anti-HCV antibodies were assessed in sera of patients. The analysis was performed before and 6 mo after the end of lamivudine treatment. Before, during and after the lamivudine therapy, the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets and hemoglobin concentration, ALT and AST activity, as well as bilirubin, urea and creatinine concentrations were analyzed in sera from patients. RESULTS: After the 12-mo lamivudine treatment, elimination of HBV - DNA was observed in 56% patients undergoing hemodialysis and in 53% patients with normal kidney function. Only 1 from 7 (14%) kidney-transplanted patients eliminated HBV-DNA. Furthermore, HBeAg elimination was observed in 36% hemodialysis patients, in 51% patients with normal function of kidneys and in 43% kidney transplanted patients. Among the patients undergoing dialysis, no YMDD mutation was found after 12 mo of therapy, while it was detected in 9 patients (13%) with normal function of kidney and in 2 kidney-transplanted patients (29%, P<0.006). We did not observe significant side effecte of lamivudine treatment in studied patiente. CONCLUSION: Effectiveness of lamivudine therapy in dialysis patients is comparable with that in patiente with normal function of kidney. Lamivudine treatment is well tolerated and safe in patiente with renal insufficiency undergoing hemodialysis and kidney-transplantation. However, in the latter group, high incidence of YMDD mutation after lamivudine treatment was observed.

He/icobacter py/ori infection in hemodialysis patients: Susceptibility to amoxicillin and clarithromycin

AIM: To evaluate susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to amoxicillin and clarithromycin in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and non-uremic controls. METHODS: The subjects with dyspeptic complaints were 33 ESRD patients and 46 age- and sex-matched non-uremic controls who exhibited H pylori on antral biopsy specimens. The two groups were age and sex matched. The H pylori strains' pattern of susceptibility to amoxicillin and clarithromycin was investigated with the agar dilution technique. RESULTS: None of the H pylori strains from either group showed resistance to amoxicillin with the agar dilution method. Twelve (36.4%) of the ESRD group strains and 7 (15.2%) of the control group strains showed resistance to clarithromycin, and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Resistance to amoxicillin does not appear to be an important problem in H py/ori-infected ESRD and non-uremic patients in our region. In contrast, the rates of resistance to clarithromycin are high, particularly in the ESRD population.