To protect mining areas from electrical fire, it is very important to install electrical nre momtormg system to ensure safety in development of mineral resources and for buildings. In this paper, design for electrical...To protect mining areas from electrical fire, it is very important to install electrical nre momtormg system to ensure safety in development of mineral resources and for buildings. In this paper, design for electrical fire monitoring and detection system with optional sensor modules has been proposed. In addition, necessity and suitability of electrical fire monitoring and detection system with optional sensor modules in mining areas have been reviewed. The designed electrical fire monitoring and detection system suit- able for work environment of mining industry is composed by host-computer monitoring software and slave-computer detectors. Monitoring detectors are manufactured by using embedded technology. Exter- nal shells deployed have superior enclosure performances and explosion-proof properties. It is easy to install and maintain the system. In general, the system has reached, or even exceeded standards specified in national standards for performances and appearances of such devices. Test results show application of electrical fire monitoring and detection system can effectively enhance monitoring intensity over the mining areas and provide reliable guarantee to ensure orderly development of mineral resources and to protect physical and property safety of citizens in these areas.展开更多
Security is a nonfunctional information system attribute that plays a crucial role in wide sensor network application domains. Security risk can be quantified as the combination of the probability that a sensor networ...Security is a nonfunctional information system attribute that plays a crucial role in wide sensor network application domains. Security risk can be quantified as the combination of the probability that a sensor network system may fail and the evaluation of the severity of the damage caused by the failure. In this paper, we devise a methodology of Rough Outlier Detection (ROD) for the detection of security-based risk factor, which originates from violations of attack requirements (namely, attack risks). The methodology elaborates dimension reduction method to analyze the attack risk probability from high dimensional and nonlinear data set, and combines it with rough redundancy reduction and the distance measurement of kernel function which is obtained using the ROD. In this way, it is possible to determine the risky scenarios, and the analysis feedback can be used to improve the sensor network system design. We illustrate the methodology in the DARPA case set study using step-by-step approach and then prove that the method is effective in lowering the rate of false alarm.展开更多
This paper reviews recent advances in radar sensor design for low-power healthcare,indoor real-time positioning and other applications of IoT.Various radar front-end architectures and digital processing methods are pr...This paper reviews recent advances in radar sensor design for low-power healthcare,indoor real-time positioning and other applications of IoT.Various radar front-end architectures and digital processing methods are proposed to improve the detection performance including detection accuracy,detection range and power consumption.While many of the reported designs were prototypes for concept verification,several integrated radar systems have been demonstrated with reliable measured results with demo systems.A performance comparison of latest radar chip designs has been provided to show their features of different architectures.With great development of IoT,short-range low-power radar sensors for healthcare and indoor positioning applications will attract more and more research interests in the near future.展开更多
Various technologies have recently been developed for high-speed railways, in order to boost commercial speeds from 300 km.h: to 400 km.h-1. Among these technologies, this paper introduces the 400 km-h-1 class curren...Various technologies have recently been developed for high-speed railways, in order to boost commercial speeds from 300 km.h: to 400 km.h-1. Among these technologies, this paper introduces the 400 km-h-1 class current collection performance evaluation methods that have been developed and demonstrated by Korea. Specifically, this paper reports details of the video-based monitoring techniques that have been adopted to inspect the stability of overhead contact line (OCL) components at 400 km.h-1 without direct contact with any components of the power supply system. Unlike conventional OCL monitoring systems, which detect contact wire positions using either laser sensors or line cameras, the developed system measures parameters in the active state by video data. According to experimental results that were obtained at a field-test site established at a commercial line, it is claimed that the proposed mea- surement system is capable of effectively measuring OCL parameters.展开更多
An optically powered sensor for measuring pressure which is linked by optical fiber is developed in new scheme. Its pulse position modulation (PPM) optical signal and optical supply power for electronics in probe are...An optically powered sensor for measuring pressure which is linked by optical fiber is developed in new scheme. Its pulse position modulation (PPM) optical signal and optical supply power for electronics in probe are transmitted via a single optical fiber. The optical power is carried by a 1 300 nm laser diode (LD) and the sensing data are carried by a 850 nm LED. The remote probe uses all CMOS chips and particular modulations (PPM and PWM). Its electrical consumption including signal manipulation and LED driven current from optically converted is less than 100 μW. The laser diode supplies 5 mW optical power into the fiber. A photodetector converts sufficiently this power into electrical power to drive the whole probe operation. The optically powered distance gets up to 500 m. The novel sensor combines optical fiber and electronics technology into a system. Because of using the principle of ratio measurement between measured and reference signals, as well as light feedback,the system is available with high reliable, outstanding accuracy and repeatability.展开更多
In order to solve the distributed detection fusion problem of underwater target detection, when the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the acoustic channel is low, a new strategy for united detection fusion and communicat...In order to solve the distributed detection fusion problem of underwater target detection, when the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the acoustic channel is low, a new strategy for united detection fusion and communication using multiple sensors was proposed. The performance of detection fusion was studied and compared based on the Neyman-Pearson principle when the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and on-off keying (OOK) modes were used by the local sensors. The comparative simulation and analysis between the optimal likelihood ratio test and the proposed strategy was completed, and both the theoretical analysis and simulation indicate that using the proposed new strategy could improve the detection performance effectively. In theory, the proposed strategy of united detection fusion and communication is of great significance to the establishment of an underwater target detection system.展开更多
This paper deals with a method for building a mobile robot in order to transform the material into a practical guide for beginners in the study of mobile robotics. The project is divided into layers that can define th...This paper deals with a method for building a mobile robot in order to transform the material into a practical guide for beginners in the study of mobile robotics. The project is divided into layers that can define the topics related to the areas of knowledge that will be used in carrying out the project. These areas are the mechanics, electronics and computing system. The mobile robot named Fable was developed accordingly to this method. It is composed by two active wheels, each one driven by DC motor with a high torque and a transmission system containing two spur gears. It has three sonars for detection of the opponent and two infrared sensors to detect a line and an Arduino Uno board is used to control all the actions of the robot.展开更多
Collaboration in wireless sensor systems must be fault-tolerant due to the harsh environmental conditions at which such systems can be deployed. This paper focuses on finding the signal processing algorithms for colla...Collaboration in wireless sensor systems must be fault-tolerant due to the harsh environmental conditions at which such systems can be deployed. This paper focuses on finding the signal processing algorithms for collaborative target detection based on the generalized approach to signal processing (GASP) in the presence of noise. The signal processing algorithms are efficient in terms of communication cost, precision, accuracy, and number of faulty sensors tolerable in the wireless sensor systems. Two types of generalized signal processing algorithms, namely, value fusion and decision fusion constructed according to GASP in the presence of noise, are identified first. When comparing their performance and communication overhead, the decision fusion algorithm is found to become superior to the value fusion algorithm as the ratio of faulty sensors to fault free sensors increases. The use of GASP under designing the value and decision fusion algorithms in wireless sensor systems allows us to obtain the same performance, but at low values of signal energy, as well as under employment of the universally adopted signal processing algorithms widely used in practice.展开更多
Nowadays, at a time of growing concern for sustainable development and compliance with environmental standards and legislation, the detection of heavy metal contaminants in environmental matrices represents a difficul...Nowadays, at a time of growing concern for sustainable development and compliance with environmental standards and legislation, the detection of heavy metal contaminants in environmental matrices represents a difficult but important task. The current major limitation lies in the poor detection limits of the targeted pollutant's trace concentrations by the available conventional techniques. In order to elaborate a novel "living" self assembled electrochemical 3-D biosensor, the authors propose a new concept to overcome this shortcoming. The advantages of the properties of polyelectrolyte-functionalized NBs (nanobeads) are combined along with the use of non covalently strongly bound micro-organisms. The designed 3-D biosensor is all the more promising as it has showed a significantly improved sensitivity. In fact, the detection limits of the tested heavy metals (cadmium and mercury) were as low as 1.0 × 10^-12 mol.L-1 and six to seven orders of magnitude lower than those provided by conventional 2-D biosensors. Furthermore, it is potentially applicable to a wide range of bioreceptor-pollutant detection systems.展开更多
A cable circuit of a substation in the United Kingdom showed high level of PD activities during a survey using hand hold PD testing equipment. The authors were invited to carry out on-site PD testing experiment to fur...A cable circuit of a substation in the United Kingdom showed high level of PD activities during a survey using hand hold PD testing equipment. The authors were invited to carry out on-site PD testing experiment to further diagnose and locate the potential problem of the cable system. This paper presents the experience of the present authors carrying out the cable test. Following a brief introduction to the experiment equipments and physical connections, the paper analyses the data collected from the testing, including PD pulse shape analysis, frequency spectrum analysis and phase resolved PD pattern analysis. Associated with PD propagation direction identification, PD source diagnosis and localisation was made. Four different types of sensors, which were adapted during the testing, are shown to have different frequency bandwidths and performed differently. Aider comparing the parameters of the sensor and the PD signals detected by individual sensor, optimal PD monitoring bandwidth for cable system is suggested.展开更多
Objective To explore the relationship between the receptor temperature and moxibustion distance of mild moxibustion, and provide evidence for clinical moxibustion distance. Methods Mild moxibustion was carried out for...Objective To explore the relationship between the receptor temperature and moxibustion distance of mild moxibustion, and provide evidence for clinical moxibustion distance. Methods Mild moxibustion was carried out for 15min by adopting moxibustion shelf, and the moxibustion ash was shook off automatically for once every 3 min. The distance between moxa stick and temperature sensor was set as 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm, respectively, by ruler. The temperature was recorded for once every 2 s with photothermal detection system for moxibustion combustion to form a temperature profile. The initial temperature, maximum temperature and average temperature were observed, and the experimental data were analyzed via SPSS18.0 statistical software. Results The initial receptor temperature was (25.33±0.29) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 2 cm, (25.29±0.05) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 3 cm, (25.43±0.17) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 4cm, and (25.16±0.22) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 5 cm, respectively. The maximum temperature was (74.96±1.20) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 2 cm, (51.70±0.74) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 3 cm, (49.33±0.40) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 4 cm, and (42.50±0.26) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 5 cm, respectively. The average temperature was (62.40±7.84) ℃-(62.68±7.58) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 2 cm, (44.77±3.31) ℃-(45.11±3.21) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 3 cm, (42.72+3.86) ℃-(43.12±3.54) ℃ when the moxibust-ion distance was 4 cm, and (38.45±1.67) ℃-(38.50±1.63) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 5 cm, respectively. The temperature curve showed that the fluctuation range was the maximum when the moxibustion distance was 2 cm, larger when the moxibustion distance was 3 cm, smaller when the moxibustion distance was 4 cm, and minimum when the moxibustion distance was 5 cmo There was no significant difference in the initial temperature of mild moxibustion at different distances, however, the maximum temperature, average temperature and the fluctuation range of temperature curve were closely related to the moxibustion distance. Conclusion The nearer the distance is, the higher the maximum temperature and average temperature as well as the larger the fluctuation range will be, and the farther the distance is, the lower the maximum temperature and average temperature as well as the smaller the fluctuation range will be. Accordin8 to preliminary analysis, the temperature will be the most suitable when the moxibust-ion distance is 3 cm-4 cm.展开更多
基金the Science & Technology Research and Development Project of Langfang Municipal City for the Year 2013 (No.2013011048)Baoding GEEHO Electric Technology Development Co.,Ltd.for financial support and help in data acquisition and statistics during preparation of this paper
文摘To protect mining areas from electrical fire, it is very important to install electrical nre momtormg system to ensure safety in development of mineral resources and for buildings. In this paper, design for electrical fire monitoring and detection system with optional sensor modules has been proposed. In addition, necessity and suitability of electrical fire monitoring and detection system with optional sensor modules in mining areas have been reviewed. The designed electrical fire monitoring and detection system suit- able for work environment of mining industry is composed by host-computer monitoring software and slave-computer detectors. Monitoring detectors are manufactured by using embedded technology. Exter- nal shells deployed have superior enclosure performances and explosion-proof properties. It is easy to install and maintain the system. In general, the system has reached, or even exceeded standards specified in national standards for performances and appearances of such devices. Test results show application of electrical fire monitoring and detection system can effectively enhance monitoring intensity over the mining areas and provide reliable guarantee to ensure orderly development of mineral resources and to protect physical and property safety of citizens in these areas.
基金the Jiangsu 973 Scientific Project,the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation,the Aerospace Innovation Fund,the Lianyungang Science & Technology Project
文摘Security is a nonfunctional information system attribute that plays a crucial role in wide sensor network application domains. Security risk can be quantified as the combination of the probability that a sensor network system may fail and the evaluation of the severity of the damage caused by the failure. In this paper, we devise a methodology of Rough Outlier Detection (ROD) for the detection of security-based risk factor, which originates from violations of attack requirements (namely, attack risks). The methodology elaborates dimension reduction method to analyze the attack risk probability from high dimensional and nonlinear data set, and combines it with rough redundancy reduction and the distance measurement of kernel function which is obtained using the ROD. In this way, it is possible to determine the risky scenarios, and the analysis feedback can be used to improve the sensor network system design. We illustrate the methodology in the DARPA case set study using step-by-step approach and then prove that the method is effective in lowering the rate of false alarm.
文摘This paper reviews recent advances in radar sensor design for low-power healthcare,indoor real-time positioning and other applications of IoT.Various radar front-end architectures and digital processing methods are proposed to improve the detection performance including detection accuracy,detection range and power consumption.While many of the reported designs were prototypes for concept verification,several integrated radar systems have been demonstrated with reliable measured results with demo systems.A performance comparison of latest radar chip designs has been provided to show their features of different architectures.With great development of IoT,short-range low-power radar sensors for healthcare and indoor positioning applications will attract more and more research interests in the near future.
文摘Various technologies have recently been developed for high-speed railways, in order to boost commercial speeds from 300 km.h: to 400 km.h-1. Among these technologies, this paper introduces the 400 km-h-1 class current collection performance evaluation methods that have been developed and demonstrated by Korea. Specifically, this paper reports details of the video-based monitoring techniques that have been adopted to inspect the stability of overhead contact line (OCL) components at 400 km.h-1 without direct contact with any components of the power supply system. Unlike conventional OCL monitoring systems, which detect contact wire positions using either laser sensors or line cameras, the developed system measures parameters in the active state by video data. According to experimental results that were obtained at a field-test site established at a commercial line, it is claimed that the proposed mea- surement system is capable of effectively measuring OCL parameters.
文摘An optically powered sensor for measuring pressure which is linked by optical fiber is developed in new scheme. Its pulse position modulation (PPM) optical signal and optical supply power for electronics in probe are transmitted via a single optical fiber. The optical power is carried by a 1 300 nm laser diode (LD) and the sensing data are carried by a 850 nm LED. The remote probe uses all CMOS chips and particular modulations (PPM and PWM). Its electrical consumption including signal manipulation and LED driven current from optically converted is less than 100 μW. The laser diode supplies 5 mW optical power into the fiber. A photodetector converts sufficiently this power into electrical power to drive the whole probe operation. The optically powered distance gets up to 500 m. The novel sensor combines optical fiber and electronics technology into a system. Because of using the principle of ratio measurement between measured and reference signals, as well as light feedback,the system is available with high reliable, outstanding accuracy and repeatability.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60972152
文摘In order to solve the distributed detection fusion problem of underwater target detection, when the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the acoustic channel is low, a new strategy for united detection fusion and communication using multiple sensors was proposed. The performance of detection fusion was studied and compared based on the Neyman-Pearson principle when the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and on-off keying (OOK) modes were used by the local sensors. The comparative simulation and analysis between the optimal likelihood ratio test and the proposed strategy was completed, and both the theoretical analysis and simulation indicate that using the proposed new strategy could improve the detection performance effectively. In theory, the proposed strategy of united detection fusion and communication is of great significance to the establishment of an underwater target detection system.
文摘This paper deals with a method for building a mobile robot in order to transform the material into a practical guide for beginners in the study of mobile robotics. The project is divided into layers that can define the topics related to the areas of knowledge that will be used in carrying out the project. These areas are the mechanics, electronics and computing system. The mobile robot named Fable was developed accordingly to this method. It is composed by two active wheels, each one driven by DC motor with a high torque and a transmission system containing two spur gears. It has three sonars for detection of the opponent and two infrared sensors to detect a line and an Arduino Uno board is used to control all the actions of the robot.
文摘Collaboration in wireless sensor systems must be fault-tolerant due to the harsh environmental conditions at which such systems can be deployed. This paper focuses on finding the signal processing algorithms for collaborative target detection based on the generalized approach to signal processing (GASP) in the presence of noise. The signal processing algorithms are efficient in terms of communication cost, precision, accuracy, and number of faulty sensors tolerable in the wireless sensor systems. Two types of generalized signal processing algorithms, namely, value fusion and decision fusion constructed according to GASP in the presence of noise, are identified first. When comparing their performance and communication overhead, the decision fusion algorithm is found to become superior to the value fusion algorithm as the ratio of faulty sensors to fault free sensors increases. The use of GASP under designing the value and decision fusion algorithms in wireless sensor systems allows us to obtain the same performance, but at low values of signal energy, as well as under employment of the universally adopted signal processing algorithms widely used in practice.
文摘Nowadays, at a time of growing concern for sustainable development and compliance with environmental standards and legislation, the detection of heavy metal contaminants in environmental matrices represents a difficult but important task. The current major limitation lies in the poor detection limits of the targeted pollutant's trace concentrations by the available conventional techniques. In order to elaborate a novel "living" self assembled electrochemical 3-D biosensor, the authors propose a new concept to overcome this shortcoming. The advantages of the properties of polyelectrolyte-functionalized NBs (nanobeads) are combined along with the use of non covalently strongly bound micro-organisms. The designed 3-D biosensor is all the more promising as it has showed a significantly improved sensitivity. In fact, the detection limits of the tested heavy metals (cadmium and mercury) were as low as 1.0 × 10^-12 mol.L-1 and six to seven orders of magnitude lower than those provided by conventional 2-D biosensors. Furthermore, it is potentially applicable to a wide range of bioreceptor-pollutant detection systems.
文摘A cable circuit of a substation in the United Kingdom showed high level of PD activities during a survey using hand hold PD testing equipment. The authors were invited to carry out on-site PD testing experiment to further diagnose and locate the potential problem of the cable system. This paper presents the experience of the present authors carrying out the cable test. Following a brief introduction to the experiment equipments and physical connections, the paper analyses the data collected from the testing, including PD pulse shape analysis, frequency spectrum analysis and phase resolved PD pattern analysis. Associated with PD propagation direction identification, PD source diagnosis and localisation was made. Four different types of sensors, which were adapted during the testing, are shown to have different frequency bandwidths and performed differently. Aider comparing the parameters of the sensor and the PD signals detected by individual sensor, optimal PD monitoring bandwidth for cable system is suggested.
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China:2015CB554502Research Study and Innovative Experimental Planning Project of Hunan Province Undergraduates:NO221+2 种基金Doctor Scientific Research Fund Project of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine:9982-1001-014Popularizing Project of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of ChinaProject of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation:2015M580689
文摘Objective To explore the relationship between the receptor temperature and moxibustion distance of mild moxibustion, and provide evidence for clinical moxibustion distance. Methods Mild moxibustion was carried out for 15min by adopting moxibustion shelf, and the moxibustion ash was shook off automatically for once every 3 min. The distance between moxa stick and temperature sensor was set as 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm, respectively, by ruler. The temperature was recorded for once every 2 s with photothermal detection system for moxibustion combustion to form a temperature profile. The initial temperature, maximum temperature and average temperature were observed, and the experimental data were analyzed via SPSS18.0 statistical software. Results The initial receptor temperature was (25.33±0.29) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 2 cm, (25.29±0.05) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 3 cm, (25.43±0.17) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 4cm, and (25.16±0.22) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 5 cm, respectively. The maximum temperature was (74.96±1.20) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 2 cm, (51.70±0.74) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 3 cm, (49.33±0.40) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 4 cm, and (42.50±0.26) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 5 cm, respectively. The average temperature was (62.40±7.84) ℃-(62.68±7.58) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 2 cm, (44.77±3.31) ℃-(45.11±3.21) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 3 cm, (42.72+3.86) ℃-(43.12±3.54) ℃ when the moxibust-ion distance was 4 cm, and (38.45±1.67) ℃-(38.50±1.63) ℃ when the moxibustion distance was 5 cm, respectively. The temperature curve showed that the fluctuation range was the maximum when the moxibustion distance was 2 cm, larger when the moxibustion distance was 3 cm, smaller when the moxibustion distance was 4 cm, and minimum when the moxibustion distance was 5 cmo There was no significant difference in the initial temperature of mild moxibustion at different distances, however, the maximum temperature, average temperature and the fluctuation range of temperature curve were closely related to the moxibustion distance. Conclusion The nearer the distance is, the higher the maximum temperature and average temperature as well as the larger the fluctuation range will be, and the farther the distance is, the lower the maximum temperature and average temperature as well as the smaller the fluctuation range will be. Accordin8 to preliminary analysis, the temperature will be the most suitable when the moxibust-ion distance is 3 cm-4 cm.