Auxin distribution during embryogenesis and seed germination were studied with transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing GUS gene driven by a synthetic DR5 promoter,an auxin responsive promoter. The results showed that...Auxin distribution during embryogenesis and seed germination were studied with transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing GUS gene driven by a synthetic DR5 promoter,an auxin responsive promoter. The results showed that GUS activity is higher in ends of hypophysis and cotyledon primordia of heart-, torpedo- and cotyledon-stage embryos, leaf tip area, lateral root primordia, root apex and cotyledon of young seedlings. And GUS accumulated in root apex of the seedlings grown on auxin transport inhibitor containing media. All these suggested that above-mentioned part of the organs and tissues have a higher level of auxin, and auxin polar transport inhibitor could cause the accumulation of auxin in root apex. And auxin transport inhibitor also resulted in aberration of Arabidopsis leaf pattern formation, root gravitropism and elongation.展开更多
Irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder. According to the Rome m criteria, IBS is defined as recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort for at least 3 d per month during the previ...Irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder. According to the Rome m criteria, IBS is defined as recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort for at least 3 d per month during the previous 3 mo associated with two or more of the following symptoms： improvement with defecation, onset associated with a change in the frequency of stool and/or onset associated with a change in form or appearance of stool. There is growing evidence regarding the genetic contribution in IBS, however the precise etiology of IBS is still unknown. The evaluation of the genetic influence is based on twin studies, familial aggregation and genetic epidemiological investigations. Most studies showed a concordance for IBS significantly greater in monozygotic than in dizygotic twins. The majority of the studies have shown that familial aggregation may represent exposures to a similar environment, as well as the influence of genetic factors. Whereas no specific gene has been identified in association with IBS, recent studies have noticed the importance of polymorphisms in the promoter region of the serotonin reuptake transporter gene, G-protein beta 3 subunit gene （C825T）, cholecystokinin receptor （CCKAR gene 779T〉C）, and high-producer tumor necrosis factor genotype. Further studies are necessary to determine how genetic factors influence the clinical manifestations and therapeutical response in IBS patients.展开更多
Vigna unguiculata L. Walp is a recalcitrant plant in terms of in vitro cell, tissue and organ differentiation, which makes it difficult to apply tissue-culture dependant approaches for obtaining stable genetic transfo...Vigna unguiculata L. Walp is a recalcitrant plant in terms of in vitro cell, tissue and organ differentiation, which makes it difficult to apply tissue-culture dependant approaches for obtaining stable genetic transformation in cowpea. Despite this, sporadic efforts have been made to develop regeneration systems in cowpea during the past 40 years. This review presents the considerable progress on cowpea regeneration （organogenesis and embryogenesis） and especially focuses on the regeneration mode of organogenesis, including highlights of the effect of genotypes, explants, medium and plant hormones used in tissue culture. The existing problems and the future research directions were also discussed.展开更多
Hirschsprung's disease is a congenital disorder that occurs in 1:5000 live births. It is characterised by an absence of enteric neurons along a variable region of the gastrointestinal tract. Hirschsprung's dis...Hirschsprung's disease is a congenital disorder that occurs in 1:5000 live births. It is characterised by an absence of enteric neurons along a variable region of the gastrointestinal tract. Hirschsprung's disease is classified as a multigenic disorder, because the same phenotype is associated with mutations in multiple distinct genes. Furthermore, the genetics of Hirschsprung's disease are highly complex and not strictly Mendelian. The phenotypic variability and incomplete penetrance observed in Hirschsprung' s disease also suggests the involvement of modifier genes. Here, we summarise the current knowledge of the genetics underlying Hirschsprung's disease based on human and animal studies, focusing on the principal causative genes, their interactions, and the role of modif ier genes.展开更多
An instnmaent awakened by means of vibration for single hydraulic prop pressame measuring is described in this paper. The principle and implementation of this metlmd are introduced in detail. The instnznent uses the h...An instnmaent awakened by means of vibration for single hydraulic prop pressame measuring is described in this paper. The principle and implementation of this metlmd are introduced in detail. The instnznent uses the hgh-perftmnance single chip C8051F310 as its MCU and vibration sensor as its awaking device. It has such advantages as small vohane and low power consmnption, and moreover it could resolve the problem that traditional pressure measming instrument on single hydraulic prop can＇t be used in coal mine.展开更多
4-Nonylphenol(NP)is a kind of estrogen belonging to the endocrine disrupter,widely used in various agricultural and industrial goods.However,extensive use of NP with direct release to environment poses high risks to b...4-Nonylphenol(NP)is a kind of estrogen belonging to the endocrine disrupter,widely used in various agricultural and industrial goods.However,extensive use of NP with direct release to environment poses high risks to both human health and ecosystems.Herein,for the first time,we developed near-infrared(NIR)responsive upconversion luminescence nanosensor for NP detection.The Förster resonance energy transfer based upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)-graphene oxide sensor offers highly selective and sensitive detection of NP in linear ranges of 5−200 ng/mL and 200−1000 ng/mL under 980 nm and 808 nm excitation,respectively,with LOD at 4.2 ng/mL.The sensors were successfully tested for NP detection in real liquid milk samples with excellent recovery results.The rare-earth fluoride based upconversion luminescence nanosensor with NIR excitation wavelength,holds promise for sensing food,environmental,and biological samples due to their high sensitivity,specific recognition,low LOD,negligible autofluorescence,along with the deep penetration of NIR excitation sources.展开更多
While STING(STimulator of INterferon Genes) has been shown to be essential for cytosolic DNA-triggered innate immune activation, accumulated evidence obtained from various studies suggested that an intrinsic relevance...While STING(STimulator of INterferon Genes) has been shown to be essential for cytosolic DNA-triggered innate immune activation, accumulated evidence obtained from various studies suggested that an intrinsic relevance of STING-associated signaling in tumorigenesis can be observed. Also, several clinical trials using immunostimulatory adjuvants, particularly agonistic as well as non-agonistic ligands for STING, have revealed their therapeutic potential not only as vaccine adjuvants but also as anti-tumor agents. However, cases have also been reported where the involvement of STING shows a protective role in tumor growth. Here we summarize recent findings that have pointed towards the STING pathway as an innate immune sensing mechanism driving type I interferon production in the tumor context. Better understanding of this pathway can guide further development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies in the treatment of cancer.展开更多
文摘Auxin distribution during embryogenesis and seed germination were studied with transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing GUS gene driven by a synthetic DR5 promoter,an auxin responsive promoter. The results showed that GUS activity is higher in ends of hypophysis and cotyledon primordia of heart-, torpedo- and cotyledon-stage embryos, leaf tip area, lateral root primordia, root apex and cotyledon of young seedlings. And GUS accumulated in root apex of the seedlings grown on auxin transport inhibitor containing media. All these suggested that above-mentioned part of the organs and tissues have a higher level of auxin, and auxin polar transport inhibitor could cause the accumulation of auxin in root apex. And auxin transport inhibitor also resulted in aberration of Arabidopsis leaf pattern formation, root gravitropism and elongation.
文摘Irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder. According to the Rome m criteria, IBS is defined as recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort for at least 3 d per month during the previous 3 mo associated with two or more of the following symptoms： improvement with defecation, onset associated with a change in the frequency of stool and/or onset associated with a change in form or appearance of stool. There is growing evidence regarding the genetic contribution in IBS, however the precise etiology of IBS is still unknown. The evaluation of the genetic influence is based on twin studies, familial aggregation and genetic epidemiological investigations. Most studies showed a concordance for IBS significantly greater in monozygotic than in dizygotic twins. The majority of the studies have shown that familial aggregation may represent exposures to a similar environment, as well as the influence of genetic factors. Whereas no specific gene has been identified in association with IBS, recent studies have noticed the importance of polymorphisms in the promoter region of the serotonin reuptake transporter gene, G-protein beta 3 subunit gene （C825T）, cholecystokinin receptor （CCKAR gene 779T〉C）, and high-producer tumor necrosis factor genotype. Further studies are necessary to determine how genetic factors influence the clinical manifestations and therapeutical response in IBS patients.
文摘Vigna unguiculata L. Walp is a recalcitrant plant in terms of in vitro cell, tissue and organ differentiation, which makes it difficult to apply tissue-culture dependant approaches for obtaining stable genetic transformation in cowpea. Despite this, sporadic efforts have been made to develop regeneration systems in cowpea during the past 40 years. This review presents the considerable progress on cowpea regeneration （organogenesis and embryogenesis） and especially focuses on the regeneration mode of organogenesis, including highlights of the effect of genotypes, explants, medium and plant hormones used in tissue culture. The existing problems and the future research directions were also discussed.
基金Supported by The National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia to Anderson RB: Project grant, No. 509219a CDA Fellowship, No. 454773
文摘Hirschsprung's disease is a congenital disorder that occurs in 1:5000 live births. It is characterised by an absence of enteric neurons along a variable region of the gastrointestinal tract. Hirschsprung's disease is classified as a multigenic disorder, because the same phenotype is associated with mutations in multiple distinct genes. Furthermore, the genetics of Hirschsprung's disease are highly complex and not strictly Mendelian. The phenotypic variability and incomplete penetrance observed in Hirschsprung' s disease also suggests the involvement of modifier genes. Here, we summarise the current knowledge of the genetics underlying Hirschsprung's disease based on human and animal studies, focusing on the principal causative genes, their interactions, and the role of modif ier genes.
文摘An instnmaent awakened by means of vibration for single hydraulic prop pressame measuring is described in this paper. The principle and implementation of this metlmd are introduced in detail. The instnznent uses the hgh-perftmnance single chip C8051F310 as its MCU and vibration sensor as its awaking device. It has such advantages as small vohane and low power consmnption, and moreover it could resolve the problem that traditional pressure measming instrument on single hydraulic prop can＇t be used in coal mine.
文摘4-Nonylphenol(NP)is a kind of estrogen belonging to the endocrine disrupter,widely used in various agricultural and industrial goods.However,extensive use of NP with direct release to environment poses high risks to both human health and ecosystems.Herein,for the first time,we developed near-infrared(NIR)responsive upconversion luminescence nanosensor for NP detection.The Förster resonance energy transfer based upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)-graphene oxide sensor offers highly selective and sensitive detection of NP in linear ranges of 5−200 ng/mL and 200−1000 ng/mL under 980 nm and 808 nm excitation,respectively,with LOD at 4.2 ng/mL.The sensors were successfully tested for NP detection in real liquid milk samples with excellent recovery results.The rare-earth fluoride based upconversion luminescence nanosensor with NIR excitation wavelength,holds promise for sensing food,environmental,and biological samples due to their high sensitivity,specific recognition,low LOD,negligible autofluorescence,along with the deep penetration of NIR excitation sources.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91129000)
文摘While STING(STimulator of INterferon Genes) has been shown to be essential for cytosolic DNA-triggered innate immune activation, accumulated evidence obtained from various studies suggested that an intrinsic relevance of STING-associated signaling in tumorigenesis can be observed. Also, several clinical trials using immunostimulatory adjuvants, particularly agonistic as well as non-agonistic ligands for STING, have revealed their therapeutic potential not only as vaccine adjuvants but also as anti-tumor agents. However, cases have also been reported where the involvement of STING shows a protective role in tumor growth. Here we summarize recent findings that have pointed towards the STING pathway as an innate immune sensing mechanism driving type I interferon production in the tumor context. Better understanding of this pathway can guide further development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies in the treatment of cancer.
