对产自湖北武当山的柴黄姜(Dioscorea nipponicasubsp.rosthorniiPrain et Burkill)的花部特征和访花昆虫种类及访花行为、访花频率和携粉量进行了研究,并对柴黄姜的传粉方式、结实和种子萌发状况进行了检测。结果表明,柴黄姜具有虫媒...对产自湖北武当山的柴黄姜(Dioscorea nipponicasubsp.rosthorniiPrain et Burkill)的花部特征和访花昆虫种类及访花行为、访花频率和携粉量进行了研究,并对柴黄姜的传粉方式、结实和种子萌发状况进行了检测。结果表明,柴黄姜具有虫媒花的典型花部特征,共观测到访花昆虫4目34种,其中传粉昆虫6种,隧蜂属(Halictussp.)和地蜂属(Andrenasp.)的2种昆虫是柴黄姜的主要传粉昆虫。访花昆虫对雄株的访花高峰时段为11:00至14:00,对雌花没有明显的访花高峰时段。在自然条件下,柴黄姜的座果率为18.86%,结实率为7.12%,种子萌发率为64.76%。在武当山,柴黄姜种群扩展仍以有性繁殖为主,无性繁殖为重要补充。展开更多
对陇东子午岭林区内自然居群紫斑牡丹（Paeonia rockii Hong et Li）的访花昆虫种类、昆虫访花频次、昆虫访花时间及昆虫访花行为进行了初步研究．发现有7目、25科、59种访花昆虫，其中传粉昆虫有13科44种．根据传粉行为和数量的比较，...对陇东子午岭林区内自然居群紫斑牡丹（Paeonia rockii Hong et Li）的访花昆虫种类、昆虫访花频次、昆虫访花时间及昆虫访花行为进行了初步研究．发现有7目、25科、59种访花昆虫，其中传粉昆虫有13科44种．根据传粉行为和数量的比较，初步确定了午岭林区内紫斑牡丹主要传粉昆虫为蜜蜂科9种、食蚜蝇科8种、地蜂科4种、隧蜂科和纹蓟马科及天牛科均为3种．展开更多
Aims Adaptive convergence in floral phenotype among plants sharing a pollinator guild has been acknowledged in the concept of pollination syndrome.However,many plants display traits associated with a given syndrome,bu...Aims Adaptive convergence in floral phenotype among plants sharing a pollinator guild has been acknowledged in the concept of pollination syndrome.However,many plants display traits associated with a given syndrome,but are visited by multiple pollinators.This situation may indicate the beginning of a pollinator shift or may result in a stable situation with adaptations to different pollinators.In Salvia stachydifolia,a previous study suggested that flower shape is optimized to maximize the contribution to pollination of bees and hummingbirds.Here,we studied three additional aspects of its floral biology:sexual phases,nectar dynamics and breeding system,and examined their connection with pollinators’behaviour to explore the presence of adaptations to bee and/or hummingbird pollination.Methods Using a greenhouse population,we applied five pollination treatments to characterize breeding system.To determine sexual phases,we recorded flower opening,anther dehiscence,corolla fall and stigma receptivity.Additionally,we characterized nectar volume and concentration dynamics along the day.Finally,to determine pollinator assemblage and visitation patterns,we performed field observations and recorded pollinators’behaviour.Important Findings Salvia stachydifolia was partially protandrous and self-compatible,but open-pollinated plants attained the highest reproductive success,suggesting that reproduction is mainly dependent on pollinator activity.Bombus opifex bumblebees were the most frequent visitors,but Sappho sparganura hummingbirds dominated visits early in the morning and at dusk.Nectar was typical of bumblebee pollination.We suggest that the bee–hummingbird mixed visitation constitutes an unstable evolutionary situation,making S.stachydifolia an ideal system to understand the ecological circumstances in which pollination shifts occur.展开更多
文摘对产自湖北武当山的柴黄姜(Dioscorea nipponicasubsp.rosthorniiPrain et Burkill)的花部特征和访花昆虫种类及访花行为、访花频率和携粉量进行了研究,并对柴黄姜的传粉方式、结实和种子萌发状况进行了检测。结果表明,柴黄姜具有虫媒花的典型花部特征,共观测到访花昆虫4目34种,其中传粉昆虫6种,隧蜂属(Halictussp.)和地蜂属(Andrenasp.)的2种昆虫是柴黄姜的主要传粉昆虫。访花昆虫对雄株的访花高峰时段为11:00至14:00,对雌花没有明显的访花高峰时段。在自然条件下,柴黄姜的座果率为18.86%,结实率为7.12%,种子萌发率为64.76%。在武当山,柴黄姜种群扩展仍以有性繁殖为主,无性繁殖为重要补充。
文摘对陇东子午岭林区内自然居群紫斑牡丹（Paeonia rockii Hong et Li）的访花昆虫种类、昆虫访花频次、昆虫访花时间及昆虫访花行为进行了初步研究．发现有7目、25科、59种访花昆虫，其中传粉昆虫有13科44种．根据传粉行为和数量的比较，初步确定了午岭林区内紫斑牡丹主要传粉昆虫为蜜蜂科9种、食蚜蝇科8种、地蜂科4种、隧蜂科和纹蓟马科及天牛科均为3种．
基金This study was supported by Fondo para la Investigacion Cientffica y Tecnoldgica(FONCyT)grant PICT 2017-2196 to S.B.V.and by FONCyT grant PICT-2018-03192 to F.S.
文摘Aims Adaptive convergence in floral phenotype among plants sharing a pollinator guild has been acknowledged in the concept of pollination syndrome.However,many plants display traits associated with a given syndrome,but are visited by multiple pollinators.This situation may indicate the beginning of a pollinator shift or may result in a stable situation with adaptations to different pollinators.In Salvia stachydifolia,a previous study suggested that flower shape is optimized to maximize the contribution to pollination of bees and hummingbirds.Here,we studied three additional aspects of its floral biology:sexual phases,nectar dynamics and breeding system,and examined their connection with pollinators’behaviour to explore the presence of adaptations to bee and/or hummingbird pollination.Methods Using a greenhouse population,we applied five pollination treatments to characterize breeding system.To determine sexual phases,we recorded flower opening,anther dehiscence,corolla fall and stigma receptivity.Additionally,we characterized nectar volume and concentration dynamics along the day.Finally,to determine pollinator assemblage and visitation patterns,we performed field observations and recorded pollinators’behaviour.Important Findings Salvia stachydifolia was partially protandrous and self-compatible,but open-pollinated plants attained the highest reproductive success,suggesting that reproduction is mainly dependent on pollinator activity.Bombus opifex bumblebees were the most frequent visitors,but Sappho sparganura hummingbirds dominated visits early in the morning and at dusk.Nectar was typical of bumblebee pollination.We suggest that the bee–hummingbird mixed visitation constitutes an unstable evolutionary situation,making S.stachydifolia an ideal system to understand the ecological circumstances in which pollination shifts occur.
