印度社会深层结构与传统探析

印度是一个历史悠久、文化古老的东方大国 ,对人类的物质文明和精神文明的发展做出了重大的贡献。印度又是一个神秘的国度 ,它特殊的社会结构和文化传统直接影响了印度的发展。那么探索印度深层社会结构的三个基本层面 :公社结构、身份种姓和文化断裂 。

分析安徽花鼓灯兰花表演艺术的特点和创新

安徽花鼓灯是我国汉族的一种民间歌舞艺术,主要流传于安徽皖北一带,她是沿淮人民在生活中所创造出来的,表达自己美好心理愿望的,适合当时历史背景的一种群众性自娱自乐的表演艺术。随着时代的发展,人们生活水平的不断提高,所以对花鼓灯的歌舞艺术有了更高的希望和更新的追求。本文以花鼓灯中的"兰花"这一表演角色来探索花鼓灯艺术的形成和发展趋势,以及"兰花"表演艺术的继承和创新。

坎儿井的故事——2000—2001ACSA/OTIS国际大学生设计竞赛方案介绍

本方案在2000—2001年度由美国国际建筑院校联合会(ACSA)组织的OTIS国际大学生设计竞赛中取得一等奖第一名,荣获GRAND PRIZE奖;方案设计围绕坎儿井展开构思,以沙化土地的改造和城市的再生主题,讲述了一个沙化土地上创造人居环境的连续变化过程;表达了对传统文化、环境治理、城市发展、人居环境等问题的关注。

Reconstructing Spatial Distribution of Historical Cropland in China′s Traditional Cultivated Region: Methods and Case Study

As an important part of land use/cover change(LUCC), historical LUCC in long time series attracts much more attention from scholars. Currently, based on the view of combining the overall control of cropland area and ′top-down′ decision-making behaviors, here are two global historical land-use datasets, generally referred as the Sustainability and the Global Environment datasets(SAGE datasets) and History Database of the Global Environment datasets(HYDE datasets). However, at the regional level, these global datasets have coarse resolutions and inevitable errors. Considering various factors that influenced cropland distribution, including cropland connectivity and the limitation of natural and human factors, this study developed a reconstruction model of historical cropland based on constrained Cellular Automaton(CA) of ′bottom-up′. Then, an available labor force index is used as a proxy for the amount of cropland to inspect and calibrate these spatial patterns. Applied the reconstruction model to Shandong Province, we reconstructed its spatial distribution of cropland during 8 periods. The reconstructed results show that: 1) it is properly suitable for constrained CA to simulate and reconstruct the spatial distribution of cropland in traditional cultivated region of China; 2) compared with ′SAGE datasets′ and ′HYDE datasets′, this study have formed higher-resolution Boolean spatial distribution datasets of historical cropland with a more definitive concept of spatial pattern in terms of fractional format.

经济新常态下区域经济发展路径探析

在我国改革开放的大趋势下,区域经济发展受到刺激,发挥出前所未有的新动力,展示出了我国社会主义经济的强大生命和活力,在党和国家的带领下,我国社会生产力水平快速增长,人们生活质量获得极大提高,物质生活极大丰富,我国已经成为世界第二大经济体。但是随着国家发展水平的逐渐稳定,我国区域经济逐渐展示出新的特征,发展节奏逐渐缓慢,持平稳趋势,这是我国当前的经济新常态。刺激区域经济建设成为当前我国社会主义发展的重要目标。为了进一步探索经济新常态下区域经济发展建设的主要路径,本文从当前时代背景下社会区域经济发展的表现入手,详细分析了经济新常态的内涵和在当前社会发展背景下展示出的新特点,明确了我国区域经济发展面临的主要挑战,并进一步明确了经济新常态下区域经济发展的关键方向。

英国东北部的民间音乐生活

本文以笔者的目击和采访，对英国东北部的民间音乐生活作音乐民族志式的描述，从文化人类学的视角，以实例探讨音乐表演的社会文化功能、社会对音乐表演的影响、表演的背景、模式及风格、表演群体的性质、结构及运转方式，并作历史与民俗渊源的考证。

Study on the Evolution of the Contemporary Political Values in China and the United States and the Enlightenment

The importance of setting up a correct political value is self-evident. In the era of many changes, it is necessary for Chinese people to not only learn the advanced concepts and experience from other countries and also constantly absorb nutrition from traditional Chinese culture. Also, the inappropriate composition in the political values should be rethought and criticized profoundly, so that not only the political values of Chinese people can give a reflection to the superiority of socialism, and also people＇s personality and vitality are fully respected and developed.

借用西方管理学工具浅析《参考消息》所处新媒体环境

中国的媒体大环境正在经历以新媒体(移动多媒体和公民记者)的出现为标志的新一代大革命,传统报业的角色正在悄然发生着变化。《参考消息》有必要在新的媒体环境中保持对自身的清醒认识,方能有的放矢。本文借用西方的管理学工具,比如SWOT、波特五力和PEST分析模型,对《参考消息》所处的新媒体环境和自身情况做一些简要分析,旨在为这份报纸的未来发展策略提供思路。

Multi-variable Optimization of HVAC System Using a Genetic Algorithm

Geothermal is a fast-growing alternative heat source for HVAC systems, however, the initial cost of using a ground source HVAC system is higher compared to an air source system. Studies about system design and operation are necessary to reduce the initial cost and ensure that the ground source heat pump system has high efficiency, resulting in a lower total life-time cost. In this study, a multi-variable evolutionary computation algorithm is proposed for generating optimal parameters for a geothermal source HVAC system. The system was modeled and simulated using MATLAB. The design parameters were calculated by minimizing the energy consumption, Based on an experimental building, a case study was presented. Using this model, the optimal set points were calculated and used as a designed system. Energy consumption of this system was reduced by about 10% compared to the system operated with a fixed supply cold water temperature （7 ℃）.

Challenges of Tomorrowm——Fire Hazards of Systems Using Renewable Sources of Energy

Dramatic climate change, caused by over consumption of coal, oil and other traditional energy sources, as well as exhaustion of their reserves, imposed technological need to look for their substitution with new, renewable energy sources. The exploitation of these new forms of energy, solar, wind, earth and bio-fuels, initiated the development and application of new technologies, so far unused in practice. Rapid development and wide application of installations for use of renewable energy in many households and companies opened a whole new risk and danger in the fire protection field. With the purpose of introducing this problem to engineers in the area of fire protection, health and safety at work, this paper systematically presents various types of facilities for exploitation of renewable energy sources as well as potential dangers, risks and issues related to their safe operation.

＂They Are Married to kunqu＂ ——Cultural Studies Inspired by a Chinese Traditional Theatre

In recent decades, a new type of cultural upsurge surrounding kunqu1 has arisen in Chinese language sphere, though respectively due to different reasons in China's Mainland, Hong Kong, Taiwan and other Chinese diaspora. Against the global trend of culture heritage nationalization context, via the new media platform, the performative staging of individual emotions and reverie in the market society2, the longings to redeem various alienation in a vertical modernity3, as well as the yearnings for emotional balance in a burgeoning feministic modernity, all integrate with each other and together generate a restless transforming memory for kunqu. Just like a misty veil, this complex, contentious, contradictory and long-lasting collective memory-making process blurs kunqu＇s appearance, expands its layers, and ultimately generates a cultural myth. With detailed case studies this paper aims to reflect upon the deep reasons for the kunqu myth and to probe the transformative powers of a performative space in enabling remembrance and/or forgetting.

Genetic Optimization Algorithm of PID Decoupling Control for VAV Air-Conditioning System

Variable-air-volume (VAV) air-conditioning system is a multi-variable system and has multi coupling control loops. While all of the control loops are working together, they interfere and influence each other. A multivariable decoupling PID controller is designed for VAV air-conditioning system. Diagonal matrix decoupling method is employed to eliminate the coupling between the loop of supply air temperature and that of thermal-space air temperature. The PID controller parameters are optimized by means of an improved genetic algorithm in floating point representations to obtain better performance. The population in the improved genetic algorithm mutates before crossover, which is helpful for the convergence. Additionally the micro mutation algorithm is proposed and applied to improve the convergence during the later evolution. To search the best parameters, the optimized parameters ranges should be amplified 10 times the initial ideal parameters. The simulation and experiment results show that the decoupling control system is effective and feasible. The method can overcome the strong coupling feature of the system and has shorter governing time and less over-shoot than non-optimization PID control.

Reconfiguration in the Transmission System of the Slovak Republic

Topology changes （reconfigurations） in the transmission system are effective remedial actions to restore fulfilling N-I security principle. In the transmission system, Slovak Republic prepares several scenarios of possible reconfigurations, especially in the substation Varin and substation Lemesany. The paper describes reasons of reconfiguration necessity, preparation process, testing process, test results and comparison with expected results from simulation calculations. The conclusion summarizes advantages and disadvantages of the reconfiguration implementation in the transmission system, recommendations for real-time operation, including coordination with neighbouring transmission system operators and affected distribution system operators.

民族音乐学家,请你也将目光投向城市

改革开放以来,随着我国城市化步伐的加快,中国传统音乐中的许多品种出现了流行地域城市化、演出目的商业化、活动性质世俗化、表演曲目流行化和形式内容西方化等多方面的转变。民族音乐学界应面对客观情况,将目光投向城市,大力开展城市民族音乐学研究。

Customary Management System of Irrigation Ponds in Japana Case Study in a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) Site of Noto Island,Ishikawa Prefecture

Recent research has showed increasing interest at the vital role of irrigation ponds that plays at biodiversity conservation,and provides ecological functions at a wide range.However,many irrigation ponds were abolished due to the economic and societal transformation in the rural.In particular,small-scale ponds were abolished and rebuilt to other public uses based on the consensus building process among the community.At the same time,civil organizations also launched initiatives to conserve irrigation ponds for its ecological significance or landscape scenery.However,study pertinent to the small scale ponds in the rural setting is largely neglected.This research aims at revealing the current situation of the utilization and management of small irrigation ponds using a case study of Noto Island in Ishikawa Prefecture.It was found that irrigation ponds are still under the traditional co-management of rural community.The most important finding in this study is that the traditional management of pond water use largely contributes to mitigate the harvest loss from natural disasters such as drought in the face of extreme climate.However,irrigation ponds are facing the threat of degradation due to the sharp decrease of farm population and the existing large number of part time farmers.Therefore,the small scale irrigation ponds and pertinent management and water use allotment should be revalued for its functions at a wide range from the biological and ecological functions and human knowledge system to mitigate disaster threats.

新的媒介生态环境背景下电视体育新闻传播格局的改变——体育电视媒体与新媒体互补发展

新媒体的发展一方面使得大众传播网可以无限扩张,另一方面又在不断威胁着传统媒体的生存空间。本文在界定体育电视媒体及新媒体概念的基础上,对我国体育电视媒体与新媒体的体育传播现状进行研究。从国家政策、传播技术、传媒市场等方面分析我国体育电视媒体与新媒体互补发展的可行性,从而从而提出体育电视媒体与新媒体互补发展的路径。

Estimation of spatiotemporal response of rooted soil using a machine learning approach

In this study,a machine learning method,i.e.genetic programming(GP),is employed to obtain a simplified statistical model to describe the variation of soil suction in drying cycles using five selected influential parameters.The data used for model development was recorded by an in-situ experiment.The image processing technology is used to quantify several tree canopy parameters.Based on four accuracy metrics,i.e.root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute percentage error(MAPE),coefficient of determination(R2),and relative error,the performance of the proposed GP model was evaluated.The results indicate that the model can give a reasonable estimation for the spatiotemporal variations of soil suction around a tree with acceptable errors.Global sensitivity analysis for the statistical model obtained using limited data of a specific region demonstrates the drying time as the most influential variable and the initial soil suction as the second most influential variable for the soil suction variations.A case study was conducted using a set of assumed input variable values and validated that the simplified GP model can be used to estimate and predict the spatiotemporal variations of soil suction in rooted soil at a certain range.

Two centuries of April-July temperature change in southeastern China and its influence on grain productivity

China is a traditional agriculture based country and one main region for crop production is southeastern China where temperature is a dominant climate variable affecting agriculture. Temperature and social disturbances both influence crop production, yet distinguishing their relative impacts is difficult due to a lack of reliable, high-resolution historical climatic records before the very recent period. Here we present the first tree-ring based warm-season temperature reconstruction for southeastern China, a core region of the East Asian monsoon, for the past 227 years. The reconstruction target was April-July mean temperature, and our model explained 60.6% of the observed temperature variance during 1953–2012.Spatial correlation analysis showed that the reconstruction is representative of April-July temperature change over most of eastern China. The reconstructed temperature series agrees well with China-scale(heavily weighted in eastern China) agricultural production index values quite well at decadal timescales.The impacts of social upheavals on food production, such as those in the period 1920–1949, were confirmed after climatic influences were excluded. Our study should help distinguish the influence of social disturbance and warm-season temperature on grain productivity in the core agricultural region of China during the past two centuries.

近代列强入侵与岭南各通商口岸地位的变迁

近代岭南通商口岸不仅数量多、种类复杂,各埠功能亦不尽相同。除了广州、澳门等少数传统的通商口岸外,大多数都是被迫新开的,20世纪以后则出现了少数自动开埠的情况。这些通商口岸属于殖民地或半殖民地的性质,发展机遇与列强侵华政策及资本主义国际市场密切关联,并以其需求为转移。虽然众多通商口岸的开辟在客观上促进了岭南地区的对外开放和对外贸易。

试论记者角色定位在采访中的作用

新媒体的发展一方面使得大众传播网可以无限扩张,另一方面又在不断威胁着传统媒体的生存空间。本文在界定体育电视媒体及新媒体概念的基础上,对我国体育电视媒体与新媒体的体育传播现状进行研究。从国家政策、传播技术、传媒市场等方面分析我国体育电视媒体与新媒体互补发展的可行性,从而从而提出体育电视媒体与新媒体互补发展的路径。