脉冲超声辅助提取双低菜籽蛋白的试验

以传统菜籽加工工艺制得的脱脂双低菜籽饼粕为原料,用脉冲超声辅助提取技术制备双低菜籽蛋白,由单因素试验和正交试验确定的最佳提取工艺参数为:pH=12,超声功率875 W,料液比1∶35(g/mL),提取时间85 min,料液温度48±3℃,脉冲超声工作时间3 s,间歇时间2 s.在此条件下,菜籽蛋白的提取率为83.97%.在pH=4.5的条件下进行菜籽蛋白的沉淀,测得提取产物的得率为52.18%,产物中蛋白的质量分数为68.18%.与传统碱法相比,在提取液的pH值、温度和料液比取值相当的情况下,脉冲超声辅助提取蛋白的提取率提高了38.04%,得率提高了94.56%,提取时间缩短了15%,提取物中蛋白质质量分数显著优于传统碱法.提取产物中硫甙质量分数为0.06%,远远低于国家相关标准(w(硫甙)<1.85%).

Determination of photosynthetic parameters in two seawater-tolerant vegetables

It is difficult to determine the photosynthetic parameters of non-fiat leaves/green stems using photosynthetic instruments, due to the unusual morphology of both organs, especially for Suaeda salsa and Salicornia bigelovii as two seawater-tolerant vegetables. To solve the problem, we developed a simple, practical, and effective method to measure and calculate the photosynthetic parameters （such as PN, gs, E） based on unit fresh mass, instead of leaf area. The light/COftemperature response curves of the plants can also be measured by this method. This new method is more effective, stable, and reliable than conventional methods for plants with non-flat leaves. In addition, the relative notes on measurements and calculation of photosynthetic parameters were discussed in this paper. This method solves technical difficulties in photosynthetic parameter determination of the two seawater-tolerant vegetables and similar plants.

岩溶区表土与第四纪孢粉样处理方法研究

目前孢粉提取主要有两种方法:即传统酸碱处理法和过筛法。笔者根据西南岩溶区现代以及第四纪沉积物化学组成特点及实践经验,将以上两种方法稍作改进,创制了一种新方法:HF-碱处理法。该方法与传统酸碱法相比具有用时短、效率高、成本低、污染少、花粉孢子破坏少的优点。