[Objective] The aim was to carry out RAPD analysis on genetic diversity of Varanus salvator. [Method] 20 random primers were used for PCR amplification of genomic DNA of 36 individuals of V. salvator. [Result] 10 prim...[Objective] The aim was to carry out RAPD analysis on genetic diversity of Varanus salvator. [Method] 20 random primers were used for PCR amplification of genomic DNA of 36 individuals of V. salvator. [Result] 10 primers could produce highly reproducible RAPD bands. A total of 2 952 DNA fragments were successfully amplified. Each individual got 82 amplified bands on average,47 of which showed polymorphism. The polymorphic locus percent was 57.32%. The genetic distance among 36 individuals ranged from 0.035 9 to 0.335 9 with an average of 0.135 9. The Nei＇s gene diversity index （H） and Shannon＇s information index （I） were 0.181 9 and 0.263 0,respectively,indicating that V. salvator had greater genetic diversity. [Conclusion] The phylogenetic tree was inferred by using UPGMA analysis,it was found that the 36 individuals could be classified as one group,and there was no obvious population differentiation.展开更多
Found in the Trans-Himalayas of north-west Yunnan and south-east Tibet, the black-and-white snub-nosed monkey （Rhinopithecus bieti） is one of the world’s most endangered primates. A recent survey indicates that onl...Found in the Trans-Himalayas of north-west Yunnan and south-east Tibet, the black-and-white snub-nosed monkey （Rhinopithecus bieti） is one of the world’s most endangered primates. A recent survey indicates that only 15 groups with 2500 individuals remain in the wild. However, the Tibetan Xiaochangdu group may be the only equilibrium group in the field since the last investigation in 1988. To evaluate the effects of traditional culture and socioeconomic activity on biodiversity conservation of R. bieti, we conducted a case study in the Honglaxueshan National Nature Reserve in southeast Tibet from June 2003 to May 2005. Interviews, direct observations, and analysis of socioeconomic data indicated major advantages to the conservation of R. bieti, which included that： 1） traditional culture mainly depended on raising livestock and collecting non-timber products rather than forest planting of Tibetan highland barley; 2） religious beliefs, against to kill any wildlife living on the sacred mountain, were mainly influenced by Tibetan Buddhism; and 3） bigger household numbers were induced by the polyandrous marriage system, which resulted in lower per capita resource consumption than smaller ones.展开更多
Although the PHMG （polyhexamethylene guanidine） and other oligomer guanidines are known as highly efficient biocides against a broad spectrum of microorganisms and eukaryotic cells, the cell protection by PHMG deriv...Although the PHMG （polyhexamethylene guanidine） and other oligomer guanidines are known as highly efficient biocides against a broad spectrum of microorganisms and eukaryotic cells, the cell protection by PHMG derivatives has been established firstly in this study. The antiviral protection was also exhibited after 15 min pretreatment of different cell cultures with low-concentration of PHMG salts. Monolayers of the continuous bovine tracheal cells culture （TCC） and primary culture of chicken embryo fibroblasts （FCE） were treated with aqueous solutions of PHMG chloride salts or PHMG succinate. The molecules of PHMG polycation adhered to the plasma membrane of the cells tested as they were treated with PHMG for 15-30 min. The viral material was added to the cell cultures after the wash-out carried out twice to rid of unbound PHMG. The viruses of Equine herpesvirus type 1, Rhinotracheitis infectious bovine and Equine infectious anemia virus were used. The protective effect from the cytopathic action of herpes and retroviruses was exhibited after 15 min pretreatment of cell monolayer with PHMG chloride at the TCC concentrations of 10^-3 - 10^-2% and FCE concentrations of 10^-5 - 10^-4%. The unique antiviral properties of PHMG salts represented in our research had never been shown before.展开更多
Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） plays a major role in predicting the flow behavior of a ship. With the development of fast computers and robust CFD software, CFD has become an important tool for designers and eng...Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） plays a major role in predicting the flow behavior of a ship. With the development of fast computers and robust CFD software, CFD has become an important tool for designers and engineers in the ship industry. In this paper, the hull form of a ship was optimized for total resistance using CFD as a calculation tool and a genetic algorithm as an optimization tool. CFD based optimization consists of major steps involving automatic generation of geometry based on design parameters, automatic generation of mesh, automatic analysis of fluid flow to calculate the required objective/cost function, and finally an optimization tool to evaluate the cost for optimization. In this paper, integration of a genetic algorithm program, written in MATLAB, was carried out with the geometry and meshing software GAMBIT and CFD analysis software FLUENT. Different geometries of additive bulbous bow were incorporated in the original hull based on design parameters. These design variables were optimized to achieve a minimum cost function of ＂total resistance＂. Integration of a genetic algorithm with CFD tools proves to be effective for hull form ootimization.展开更多
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） was mostly common in Guangdong Province and Guangxi Chuang Autonomous Region. This cancer jeopardized people＇s health in the above areas. In order to understand the mechanisms for NPC...Nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） was mostly common in Guangdong Province and Guangxi Chuang Autonomous Region. This cancer jeopardized people＇s health in the above areas. In order to understand the mechanisms for NPC, and further promote NPC＇s early diagnosis and therapy, the molecular genetic analysis research of NPC in China and in its outbreak areas becomes an emergent topic. Since NPC is a rare disease in developed countries of Europe and America, the research in this field has not been well-recognized in these countries. Furthermore,展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province( 9151026001000003 )Outstanding Young Scientists Fund of Guangdong Province Academy ( 200704 )Wildlife Conservation and Utilization Public Laboratories Fund of Guangdong Province(200901)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to carry out RAPD analysis on genetic diversity of Varanus salvator. [Method] 20 random primers were used for PCR amplification of genomic DNA of 36 individuals of V. salvator. [Result] 10 primers could produce highly reproducible RAPD bands. A total of 2 952 DNA fragments were successfully amplified. Each individual got 82 amplified bands on average,47 of which showed polymorphism. The polymorphic locus percent was 57.32%. The genetic distance among 36 individuals ranged from 0.035 9 to 0.335 9 with an average of 0.135 9. The Nei＇s gene diversity index （H） and Shannon＇s information index （I） were 0.181 9 and 0.263 0,respectively,indicating that V. salvator had greater genetic diversity. [Conclusion] The phylogenetic tree was inferred by using UPGMA analysis,it was found that the 36 individuals could be classified as one group,and there was no obvious population differentiation.
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-1-03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30870375, 31071937)the Central South University of Forestry & Technology (101-0654)
文摘Found in the Trans-Himalayas of north-west Yunnan and south-east Tibet, the black-and-white snub-nosed monkey （Rhinopithecus bieti） is one of the world’s most endangered primates. A recent survey indicates that only 15 groups with 2500 individuals remain in the wild. However, the Tibetan Xiaochangdu group may be the only equilibrium group in the field since the last investigation in 1988. To evaluate the effects of traditional culture and socioeconomic activity on biodiversity conservation of R. bieti, we conducted a case study in the Honglaxueshan National Nature Reserve in southeast Tibet from June 2003 to May 2005. Interviews, direct observations, and analysis of socioeconomic data indicated major advantages to the conservation of R. bieti, which included that： 1） traditional culture mainly depended on raising livestock and collecting non-timber products rather than forest planting of Tibetan highland barley; 2） religious beliefs, against to kill any wildlife living on the sacred mountain, were mainly influenced by Tibetan Buddhism; and 3） bigger household numbers were induced by the polyandrous marriage system, which resulted in lower per capita resource consumption than smaller ones.
文摘Although the PHMG （polyhexamethylene guanidine） and other oligomer guanidines are known as highly efficient biocides against a broad spectrum of microorganisms and eukaryotic cells, the cell protection by PHMG derivatives has been established firstly in this study. The antiviral protection was also exhibited after 15 min pretreatment of different cell cultures with low-concentration of PHMG salts. Monolayers of the continuous bovine tracheal cells culture （TCC） and primary culture of chicken embryo fibroblasts （FCE） were treated with aqueous solutions of PHMG chloride salts or PHMG succinate. The molecules of PHMG polycation adhered to the plasma membrane of the cells tested as they were treated with PHMG for 15-30 min. The viral material was added to the cell cultures after the wash-out carried out twice to rid of unbound PHMG. The viruses of Equine herpesvirus type 1, Rhinotracheitis infectious bovine and Equine infectious anemia virus were used. The protective effect from the cytopathic action of herpes and retroviruses was exhibited after 15 min pretreatment of cell monolayer with PHMG chloride at the TCC concentrations of 10^-3 - 10^-2% and FCE concentrations of 10^-5 - 10^-4%. The unique antiviral properties of PHMG salts represented in our research had never been shown before.
文摘Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） plays a major role in predicting the flow behavior of a ship. With the development of fast computers and robust CFD software, CFD has become an important tool for designers and engineers in the ship industry. In this paper, the hull form of a ship was optimized for total resistance using CFD as a calculation tool and a genetic algorithm as an optimization tool. CFD based optimization consists of major steps involving automatic generation of geometry based on design parameters, automatic generation of mesh, automatic analysis of fluid flow to calculate the required objective/cost function, and finally an optimization tool to evaluate the cost for optimization. In this paper, integration of a genetic algorithm program, written in MATLAB, was carried out with the geometry and meshing software GAMBIT and CFD analysis software FLUENT. Different geometries of additive bulbous bow were incorporated in the original hull based on design parameters. These design variables were optimized to achieve a minimum cost function of ＂total resistance＂. Integration of a genetic algorithm with CFD tools proves to be effective for hull form ootimization.
文摘Nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） was mostly common in Guangdong Province and Guangxi Chuang Autonomous Region. This cancer jeopardized people＇s health in the above areas. In order to understand the mechanisms for NPC, and further promote NPC＇s early diagnosis and therapy, the molecular genetic analysis research of NPC in China and in its outbreak areas becomes an emergent topic. Since NPC is a rare disease in developed countries of Europe and America, the research in this field has not been well-recognized in these countries. Furthermore,
