论伦理人类学视域下的儒家伦理及其现代合理性

儒家伦理存在普适性和特殊性的论争所隐藏的意义是儒家伦理具有丰富多彩的样态。以伦理人类学为视角并通过"意义—实践"、"理一—分殊"的文化意义考察表明,儒家伦理之所以成为伦理传统是中国伦理型文化的必然,儒家伦理的合理性的解释力和价值只有在文化形态之中才具有可信性,儒家伦理只有在文化形态中才能展现其现代合理性,才能推动社会发展。

伦理人类学对当代中国卫生政策的指导价值

伦理人类学对于医学 ,尤其是对非西方国家和地区的民族医学发展 ,对贫困和少数民族地区人民的基本卫生保健政策的制定是一门重要的、不可忽视的学科。伦理人类学将对中国医疗改革和卫生政策产生重大影响。

人类学在中国的伦理转向:去向何方?

借助研究方法优势,人类学走在伦理转向的前面。观察、描述和解释演变中的中国伦理道德现象是人类学转向的主要任务。相对于欧美国家而言,伦理人类学在转型期的中国有着更为现实和深刻的意义,担负着观察和解释中国伦理变革与伦理重建的使命。构建中国本土化的伦理人类学需要明确研究的理论基础与基本假说,确定更有价值的研究视角和研究对象。中国的伦理人类学应广泛借鉴社会科学中关于伦理道德认知的理论洞见;在研究对象上从独特群体转向普通大众;在研究视野上从本地现象转向全球视野。依据上述三个方面形成的研究框架,企业组织、政府组织和宗教组织是推动中国社会及伦理道德剧烈转变的先行者,也是中国未来人类学“伦理转向”的主要研究目标。

Ethical Implications of Systems Methodology Applied to Industrial Ecology

The systemic view on industry and on production and consumption pattern is an essential feature of the industrial ecology （IE） concept. One consequence of this view is to investigate industrial flows and consumer activities, and their effects on the environment in order to evaluate and eventually optimize these flows with the help of a systems methodology. Industrial ecology has been developed by engineers and natural scientists and its ethical core canon often manifests in anthropocentric assertions such as harmonizing the contradiction between nature and culture with scientific expertise, appropriate technology and socio-economic management. This paper argues however for a biocentric inspired, normative reading of some characteristics of industrial ecology＇s systems methodology. The presumption for the value of this endeavor is that industrial ecology＇s systems methodology has a potential for developing directions for the design of a possible sustainable world.