猪伪狂犬病病毒LAMP可视化检测方法的建立

根据Gen Bank中猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)g B基因的保守序列,设计一套特异性引物,在对反应条件进行优化后,建立了PRV环介导等温扩增(LAMP)可视化检测方法。结果显示:该方法能在常规65℃水浴锅中30 min内实现对目的片段的特异性扩增,并且可通过肉眼观察颜色直接判定检测结果 ;该方法具有很高的特异性,与猪瘟病毒、猪圆环病毒2型等均无交叉反应;该方法的敏感性可达1 fg;将该方法应用于临床样品检测,结果与普通PCR方法一致。研究表明,本研究建立的LAMP方法简便、快速、灵敏、特异,适合基层PRV感染的快速检测。

伪狂犬病油乳剂灭活苗对新生仔猪的安全性和免疫原性研究

用不同剂量的伪狂犬病油乳制灵活苗肌肉注射新生仔猪，随后用伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）鄂A强毒株攻击免疫仔猪和感染非免疫仔猪，现察仔猪体温、采食、精神等临床症状，采用乳胶凝集试验（LAT）检测仔猪的抗体水平。结果表明油剂苗对新生仔猪安全可靠，并产生较好的应答反应，能抵抗强毒的攻击。

A Preliminary Study on Genetic Variation of g E Gene of an Epidemic Pseudorabies Virus Strain and Its Pathogenicity to Piglets

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the genetic variation of g E gene of an epidemic pseudorabies virus（PRV） strain and its pathogenicity to piglets. [Method] By serial passage in Vero cells, a PRV strain was isolated from the brain tissues of stillborn fetuses delivered by sows with suspected PRV infection and preliminarily identified by PCR. g E gene of the isolated PRV strain was amplified and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. In addition, the pathogenicity of the isolated PRV strain to 6-week-old piglets was evaluated. [Result] A PRV strain was successfully isolated and named PRV N5 B strain, which could proliferate in Vero cells and TCID50 of the 15 thgeneration virus liquid reached 10^7.125/0.1 ml. Specific bands could be amplified by PCR. g E gene in the isolated PRV strain was 1 740 bp in length. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on full-length g E sequences, which showed that PRV N5 B strain and PRV strains isolated since 2012 were clustered into the same independent category and shared 99.7%-100% homology of nucleotide sequences. Compared with related sequences published previously, there were insertions of three consecutive bases at two loci. Animal experiments showed that intranasal inoculation of 6-week-old piglets with 2 ml of PRV N5 B strain（10^6/0.1 ml） led to a mortality rate of 100%. [Conclusion] In this study,genetic variability of g E gene in PRV N5 B isolate and its pathogenicity to piglets were analyzed, which provided a theoretical basis for the development of new vaccines to prevent and control porcine pseudorabies.

Construction of Recombinant Pseudorabies Virus Expressing Canine Distemper Virus H Gene and Analysis on Its Biological Characters

[Objective] The aim was to construct a recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing canine distemper virus H gene and investigate its biological characters.[Method] H gene of canine distemper virus（CDV）strain Onderstepoort was produced by RT-PCR,inserted into pcDNA3.1（＋）vector to construct a expression cassette,which was then subcloned into transfer vector p8AA,prior to the insertion of LacZ expression cassette.The resulting new transfer vector was named as p8AAZH.Subsequently,p8AAZH was co-transfected with the genome of pseudorabies virus（PRV）Bartha-K61 into BHK-21 cells to enable gene recombination and virus package,and the virus solution was collected as cytopathic effect occurring.A series of procedures including blue plaque purification,PCR identification,observation under electron microscope and Western blot were carried out to screen the recombinant pseudorabies virus and identify the protein expression of target gene.Meanwhile,growth curve of the recombinant virus was determined in BHK-21 cells.[Result] The H gene had been inserted into the genome of Bartha-K61 strain,and RPRV-H was the same as Bartha-K61 in the one-step growth curve and cytopathic effect in BHK-21 cells.[Conclusion] The recombinant pseudorabies virus was constructed,and the insertion of H gene did not influence proliferation of recombinant virus,which laid a foundation for development of recombinant canine distemper virus vaccine.

Diagnosis of Mixed Infection of CSFV, PRV and E.coli in a Modern Pig Farm of Guizhou Province

In order to understand the incidence reasons in a scaled pig farm of Guizhou Province, the infected pigs were diagnosed with epidemiological investigation, clinical observation, pathological diagnosis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, PCR/RT-PCR and bacterial isolation and identification. The results showed that the pigs were infected mixedly with classical swine fever virus （CSFV）, pseudorabies virus （PRV） and E. coli. Therefore, some measures should be adopted to control the incidence of CSF, PR and colibacillosis in the pig farm.

Characterization of Synonymous Codon Usage Bias in the Pseudorabies Virus US1 Gene

In the present study, we examined the codon usage bias between pseudorabies virus （PRV） US1 gene and the USl-like genes of 20 reference alphaherpesviruses. Comparative analysis showed noticeable disparities of the synonymous codon usage bias in the 21 alphaherpesviruses, indicated by codon adaptation index, effective number of codons （ENc） and GC3s value. The codon usage pattern of PRV US1 gene was phylogenetically conserved and similar to that of the USl-like genes of the genus Varicellovirus of alphaherpesvirus, with a strong bias towards the codons with C and G at the third codon position. Cluster analysis of codon usage pattern of PRV US1 gene with its reference alphaherpesviruses demonstrated that the codon usage bias of USl-like genes of 21 alphaherpesviruses had a very close relation with their gene functions. ENc-plot revealed that the genetic heterogeneity in PRV US1 gene and the 20 reference alphaherpesviruses was constrained by G＋C content, as well as the gene length. In addition, comparison of codon preferences in the US1 gene of PRV with those ofE. coli, yeast and human revealed that there were 50 codons showing distinct usage differences between PRV and yeast, 49 between PRV and human, but 48 between PRV and E. coil Although there were slightly fewer differences in codon usages between E.coli and PRV, the difference is unlikely to be statistically significant, and experimental studies are necessary to establish the most suitable expression system for PRV US1. In conclusion, these results may improve our understanding of the evolution, pathogenesis and functional studies of PRV, as well as contributing to the area of herpesvirus research or even studies with other viruses.

Identification of CNS neural circuitry involved in the innervation of C7 spinal nerve： a viral transsynaptic tracing study

Objective： Contralateral C7 spinal nerve transfer is a useful operation for the treatment of brachial plexus root avulsion. The recovery of the independent function at the ipsilateral side, however, depends on neural circuitry reorganization in the central nervous system （CNS）.This study tried to locate the CNS neuronal elements involved in the innervation ofC7 spinal nerve.Method： Pseudorabies virus （PRV, TK/gG-,2 μl）, which expressed green fluorescent protein （GFP）, was injected into the left C7 spinal nerve in 20 adult Sprague Dawley rats.After rats survived for 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 36 h, the C1-C7segments of the spinal cord and brain were processed using a polyclonal immunohistochemical antibody against PRV.Results： PRV-labeled neurons were found mainly in gray matter of the C1-C7 segments of the spinal cord and at the following structures of the brain： lateral vestibular nucleus, lateral paragigantocellular nucleus, A5 cells, red nucleus, primary and secondary motor cortexes, primary and secondary somatosensory cortexes. Although located bilaterally, the PRV-labeled neurons existed predominantly in the ipsilateral side of the spinal cord and the contralateral side of the brain at 6-12 h after injection （p.i.）. The number of PRV-labeled neurons in the CNS was increasing with rat＇s survival time and the distribution of these neurons turned bilateral with no obvious dominance to either side at 24 h and 36 h （p.i.）.Conclusion： By use of transsynaptic tracing technique with PRV, the anatomically connected set of neurons,which modulates the activity of C7 spinal nerve, is located successfully in the CNS.