用Lennard-Jones和Kihara位能模型预测真实流体的PVT性质

分别采用ＬｅｎｎａｒｄＪｏｎｅｓ（ＬＪ）和Ｋｉｈａｒａ位能模型并结合顺序解析法计算了径向分布函数，然后代入统计热力学所给出的严格理论状态方程来预测真实流体的ＰＶＴ性质。位能模型参数由纯流体的临界温度性质确定。计算结果表明，该方法可用于预测较宽广的压力、温度范围内的非极性和弱极性纯流体的ＰＶＴ性质。当分子尺寸小于正己烷时，近临界区除外，由ＬＪ模型预测的饱和液体体积的相对平均误差一般小于５％。对于分子尺寸更大的流体。

分子动力学模拟方法及其误差分析

以液态水体系为例进行了正则系综的分子动力学模拟计算 ,并将模拟结果与实验和文献结果进行比较。分析认为误差的产生主要是由于模拟过程中所采用的位能模型、算法和其他模拟参量不够准确造成的。由于误差产生的原因具有多样性 ,且各种因素是相互影响、相互制约的 ,所以实际模拟时 ,应在精度和误差之间作出平衡 。

由L-J流体的FMSA状态方程计算流体的PVT性质

运用Tang等提出的Lennard-Jones(L-J)流体两参数的一阶平均球形近似(FMSA)状态方程,计算了流体的汽液共存相图和饱和蒸汽压曲线,以及非饱和区的PVT性质,并与文献数据进行比较.L-J参数由Tr<0.95的汽液相共存数据回归得到.计算结果表明,对于分子较接近球形的流体,除临界点附近外,该方程可以在较大的温度和压力范围内计算真实流体的PVT性质,结果满意.对于球形分子,该方程的精确度随分子尺寸的变大基本保持稳定.该方程不适用于强极性物质.在高密度区,该方程的计算结果明显优于P-R方程.对于分子偏离球形较远的流体,该方程的适用性变差,此时要考虑分子形状的影响,可采用三参数的FMSA状态方程进行计算.

径向分布函数法关联过量

通过求解ＰＹ积分方程，得到了Ｓｕｔｈｅｒｌａｎｄ位能模型径向分布函数式。由纯物质的蒸发热数据确定位能模型参数，采用二次型混合法则，将导出的径向分布函数和上述参数关联了二元物系的过量焓。关联过程引入两个相互作用参数。计算结果优于局部组成模型。

Bearing capacity of foundation on slope determined by energy dissipation method and model experiments

To determine the ultimate bearing capacity of foundations on sloping ground surface in practice, energy dissipation method was used to formulate the beating capacity as programming problem, and full-scale model experiments were investigated to analyze the performance of the soil slopes loaded by a strip footing in laboratory. The soil failure is governed by a linear Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion, and soil deformation follows an associated flow rule. Based on the energy dissipation method of plastic mechanics, a multi-wedge translational failure mechanism was employed to obtain the three bearing capacity factors related to cohesion, equivalent surcharge load and the unit gravity for various slope inclination angles. Numerical results were compared with those of the published solutions using finite element method and those of model experiments. The bearing capacity factors were presented in the form of design charts for practical use in engineering. The results show that limit analysis solutions approximate to those of model tests, and that the energy dissipation method is effective to estimate bearing capacity of soil slope.

Influence of impurities on damping properties of ZK60 magnesium alloy

The influence of impurities on damping capacities of ZK60 magnesium alloys in the as-cast,as-extruded and T4-treated states was investigated by dynamically mechanical analyzer at room temperature.Granato and Lucke dislocation pinning model was employed to explain damping properties of the alloys.It is found that reducing impurity content can decrease the amount of second-phase particles,increase grain size and improve damping capacity of the as-cast alloy slightly.The as-extruded alloy with lower impurity content is found to possess obviously higher damping capacity in the relatively high strain region than that with higher impurity concentration,which appears to originate mainly from different dislocation characteristics.The variation tendency of damping property with change of impurity content after solution-treatment is also similar to that in the as-extruded and as-cast states. Meanwhile,the purification of the alloy results in an evident improvement in tensile yield strength in the as-extruded state.

Distribution characteristics and impact on pump＇s efficiency of hydro-mechanical losses of axial piston pump over wide operating ranges

A novel performance model of losses of pump was presented,which allows an explicit insight into the losses of various friction pairs of pump.The aim is to clarify that to what extent the hydro-mechanical losses affect efficiency,and to further gain an insight into the variation and distribution characteristics of hydro-mechanical losses over wide operating ranges.A good agreement is found in the comparisons between simulation and experimental results.At rated speed,the hydro-mechanical losses take a proportion ranging from 87% to 89% and from 68% to 97%,respectively,of the total power losses of pump working under 5 MPa pressure conditions,and 13% of full displacement conditions.Furthermore,within the variation of speed ranging from 48% to 100% of rated speed,and pressure ranging from 14% to 100% of rated pressure,the main sources of hydro-mechanical losses change to slipper swash plate pair and valve plate cylinder pair at low displacement conditions,from the piston cylinder pair and slipper swash plate pair at full displacement conditions.Besides,the hydro-mechanical losses in ball guide retainer pair are found to be almost independent of pressure.The derived conclusions clarify the main orientations of efforts to improve the efficiency performance of pump,and the proposed model can service for the design of pump with higher efficiency performance.

Numerical Simulation of Multi-Directional Random Wave Transformation in a Yacht Port

This paper extends a prediction model for multi-directional random wave transformation based on an energy balance equation by Mase with the consideration of wave shoaling, refraction, diffraction, reflection and breaking. This numerical model is improved by 1) introducing Wen's frequency spectrum and Mitsuyasu's directional function, which are more suitable to the coastal area of China; 2) considering energy dissipation caused by bottom friction, which ensures more accurate results for large-scale and shallow water areas; 3) taking into account a non-linear dispersion relation. Predictions using the extended wave model are carried out to study the feasibility of constructing the Ai Hua yacht port in Qingdao, China, with a comparison between two port layouts in design. Wave fields inside the port for different incident wave directions, water levels and return periods are simulated, and then two kinds of parameters are calculated to evaluate the wave conditions for the two layouts. Analyses show that Layout I is better than Layout II. Calculation results also show that the harbor will be calm for different wave directions under the design water level. On the contrary, the wave conditions do not wholly meet the requirements of a yacht port for ship berthing under the extreme water level. For safety consideration, the elevation of the breakwater might need to be properly increased to prevent wave overtopping under such water level. The extended numerical simulation model may provide an effective approach to computing wave heights in a harbor.

Study on fault locating technology for satellite power system

It is currently prevalent to locate faults for a satellite power system based on an expert system, not utilizing all the available information provided by tests. The casual network model for a satellite power system is presented. Considerations for failure probability of each component of the power system, the cost of applying each test, the influence of a precedent test result on the next test selection, and an optimal sequential testing algorithm for fault location is presented. This program is applied to locate the failure component of the power system of a satellite. The results show this program is very effective and it is very fast to generate an optimal diagnosis tree.

Structural transformation and energy analysis for pile-up dislocations at triple junction of grain boundary

An energy model for the structure transformation of pile-ups of grain boundary dislocations(GBD)at the triple-junction of the grain boundary of ultrafine-grain materials was proposed.The energy of the pile-up of the GBD in the system was calculated by the energy model,the critical geometric and mechanical conditions for the structure transformation of head dislocation of the pile-up were analyzed,and the influence of the number density of the dislocations and the angle between Burgers vectors of two decomposed dislocations on the transformation mode of head dislocation was discussed.The results show when the GBD is accumulated at triple junction,the head dislocation of the GBD is decomposed into two Burgers vectors of these dislocations unless the angle between the two vectors is less than 90°,and the increase of applied external stress can reduce the energy barrier of the dislocation decomposition.The mechanism that the ultrafine-grained metal material has both high strength and plasticity owing to the structure transformation of the pile-up of the GBD at the triple junction of the grain boundary is revealed.

System to Control Upright Posture with Alcoholic Intake

Equilibrium function in the cerebellum （vestibulo-cerebellar system） can deteriorate under the influence of alcohol. In the Romberg posture, the center of gravity, which was measured every 50 ms by stabilometry, appeared to shift with alcohol ingestion. In the previous study, a locus in the center of gravity （stabilogram） was converted to values of statistical indices such as area of sway, total locus length, sparse density, and locus length per unit area, although these indices could not always distinguish between the stabilograms sampled from seven healthy young males in sober and intoxicated states. This measurement was made with an AMTI force plate. In this study, ＂translation error＂ was estimated in a d-dimensional embedding space in order to compare stabilograms recorded before and after the ingestion of doubly diluted brandy in 30 s （1 ≤ d ≤ 10）. The authors succeeded in validating stochastic differential equations as a mathematical model of the body sway. Although the postural control system shows different patterns in the lateral and anterior-posterior directions, the randomness in the model was preserved after alcohol intake and significantly increased in the medial/lateral direction. Visual information referred by the postural conlrol system when standing might be interfered by the effects of intoxication, which was regarded as disturbance. The possibility of detecting alcohol-ingestion-induced reduction of the equilibrium function and its recovery process are also suggested in this paper. This method is considered to be useful to diagnose the disorders of the vestibulo-cerebellar system.

Acid Dissociation Constants of Functional Groups in Humic Substances:I.Affinity Spectrum Model Analysis of Potentiometric Data of Fulvic and Humic Acids Solutions from Weathered Coal and Dark Loessial Soil

Potentiometric experiments were carried out on the proton binding equilibria of FA extracted from a weathered coal and HA and Fa extracted from a dark loessial soil.The affinity spectrum model was employed to treat the experimental data.The affinity spectrum model technique could“magnify” the heterogeneity of the proton binding equilibria.so it was useful for comparing and studying the characteristics of humic substances with similar properties.According to the affinity spectra,we also found that the direction of the titration could affect the properties of the equilibria of FA from the weathered coal,and the acidic functional groups contained in FA from the weathered coal were larger in quantity than those contained in HA and FA from the dark loessial soil.

Study on WSN Localization Algorithm and Simulation Model for Intelligent Transportation System

This paper conducts research on the algorithm to improve the location of Wireless Sensor Network （WSN） in Intelligent Transportation System （ITS）. The localization algorithm introduced an improved RSSI vehicle localization algorithm based on multi-path effect and Gaussian white noise. The localization results under different values of Gaussian white noise and different density of beacon nodes are analyzes, and Kalman filtering algorithm is introduced to reduce the influence of signal noise. Finally, a simulation model of ITS is developed to test the algorithm based on mixed noise and Kalman filtering algorithm, which is used to simulate the localization of real vehicles. The simulation shows the algorithm has effect to improve location accuracy and to application