In order to investigate more realistic group scheduling problems with position-dependent effects,the model of general position-dependent group scheduling is proposed,where the actual group setup times and actual proce...In order to investigate more realistic group scheduling problems with position-dependent effects,the model of general position-dependent group scheduling is proposed,where the actual group setup times and actual processing times are described by general functions of the normal group setup time and position in the sequence.These general functions are not assumed to have specific function structures,and are not restricted to be monotone.By mathematical analysis and proof,each considered problem is decomposed into a group scheduling process and a job scheduling process,and each scheduling process is transferred into the classic assignment problem or the classic single-machine sequence problem,and then the computational complexity to solve the considered problem is analyzed.Analysis results show that,even with general position-dependent job processing times,both the single machine makespan minimization group scheduling problems and the parallel-machine total load minimization group scheduling problems remain polynomially solvable.展开更多
The aim of the research was to discuss the genetic relationships between Piper methysticum, Pepper and other wild species in Pepper genus. DNA was extracted from leaves which belonged to 28 germplasms including 6 mate...The aim of the research was to discuss the genetic relationships between Piper methysticum, Pepper and other wild species in Pepper genus. DNA was extracted from leaves which belonged to 28 germplasms including 6 materials of P. methysticum, 21 maerials of cultivated and wild Pepper, 1 material of Peperomia pellucida belonged to different genus. Premiers with good band-type and high polymorphism and resolution were selected from 64 pairs of primers for AFLP amplification and the clustering analysis was conducted with MVSP3.13f software. 191 bands were amplified by 4 pairs of premiers, 189 of which had polymorphism, being 98.6%. 28 germplasms were classified into 6 different groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.52 by silver staining AFLP, in which 6 materials of Piper methysticum were clustered into a single group, indicating that P. methysticum belonged to Pepper family of Pepper genus but were distantly related to the others. The research provided the basis for selecting rootstocks for P. methysticum graft, molecular identification of P. methysticum and the fingerprint construction of P. methysticum.展开更多
The similarity transformation model between different coordinate systems is not accurate enough to describe the discrepancy of them.Therefore,the coordinate transformation from the coordinate frame with poor accuracy ...The similarity transformation model between different coordinate systems is not accurate enough to describe the discrepancy of them.Therefore,the coordinate transformation from the coordinate frame with poor accuracy to that with high accuracy cannot guarantee a high precision of transformation.In this paper,a combined method of similarity transformation and regressive approximating is presented.The local error accumulation and distortion are taken into consideration and the precision of coordinate system is improved by using the recommended method展开更多
The possible collapse of different circumstances is derived with the help of the limit analysis theory.Analytical equations related to collapsing mechanisms in deep tunnel with smooth three-centered arc cross sections...The possible collapse of different circumstances is derived with the help of the limit analysis theory.Analytical equations related to collapsing mechanisms in deep tunnel with smooth three-centered arc cross sections are derived on the basis of Hoek-Brown failure criterion and upper bound limit analysis.The pore water pressure is considered in the analysis,as a work rate of external force.Numerical results about the shape of detaching curve and the weight of collapsing block per unit length corresponding to different parameters are obtained with the help of mathematical software.The shapes of collapsing block are drawn with respected to different parameters.Furthermore,the effects of different parameters on the shape of detaching curve and the weight of the collapsing block are discussed.展开更多
Background Disturbed circadian rhythm is a potential cause of delirium and is linked to disorganisation of the circadian rhythmicity. Dynamic light （DL） could reset the circadian rhythm by activation of the suprachi...Background Disturbed circadian rhythm is a potential cause of delirium and is linked to disorganisation of the circadian rhythmicity. Dynamic light （DL） could reset the circadian rhythm by activation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus to prevent delirium. Evidence regarding the effects of light therapy is predominantly focused on psychiatric disorders and circadian rhythm sleep disorders. In this study, we investi- gated the effect of DL on the total hospital length of stay （LOS） and occurrence of delirium in patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit （CCU）. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study. Patients older than 18 years, who were hospitalized longer than 12 h at the CCU and had a total hospital LOS for at least 24 h, were included. Patients were assigned to a room with DL （n = 369） or regular lighting condi- tions （n = 379）. DL was administered at the CCU by two ceiling-mounted light panels delivering light with a colour temperature between 2700 and 6500 degrees Kelvin. Reported outcome data were： total hospital LOS, delirium incidence, consultation of a geriatrician and the amount of prescripted antipsychotics. Results Between May 2015 and May 2016, data from 748 patients were collected. Baseline charac- teristics, including risk factors provoking delirium, were equal in both groups. Median total hospital LOS in the DL group was 100.5 （70.8-186.0） and 101.0 （73.0-176.4） h in the control group （P = 0.935）. The incidence of delirium in the DL and control group was 5.4% （20/369） and 5.0% （19/379）, respectively （P = 0.802）. No significant differences between the DL and control group were observed in secon- dary endpoints. Subgroup analysis based on age and CCU LOS also showed no differences. Conclusion Our study suggests exposure to DL as an early single approach does not result in a reduction of total hospital LOS or reduced incidence of delirium. When delirium was diagnosed, it was associated with poor hospital outcome.展开更多
There has been carried out a comparative research, which allow us to determine the quantities and the central points of accumulation ofPb, Cu, Zn and Cd in the vegetative and reproductive organs of the four sorghum va...There has been carried out a comparative research, which allow us to determine the quantities and the central points of accumulation ofPb, Cu, Zn and Cd in the vegetative and reproductive organs of the four sorghum varieties （technical sorghtan, sugar sorghum, sudan grass and grain sorghnm）, as well as to ascertain the possibilities for their growth in soils contaminated with heavy metals and their application for phytoremediation purposes. The experimental plots were situated at different distances （0.1 and 15.0 kin） from the source of pollution-the Non-Ferrous Metal Works near Plovdiv, Bulgaria. On reaching commercial ripeness, the crops were gathered and the concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in their different parts-roots, stems, leaves and gains-were determined through dry mineralization. To determine the heavy metal content in the samples, ICP was used. A clearly distinguished trend exists which describes the accumulation of heavy metals within the vegetative and reproductive organs of the studied crops. Sudan grass and technical sorghum accumulated larger heavy metal quantities compared to sugar sorghum and grain sorghum, as the majority of the heavy metals was retained by the roots and a very small amount was translocated to epigeous parts. The depots for accumulation were in the following order： roots 〉 leaves 〉 stems 〉 grains. The studied crops can be related to metal-tolerant crops and can be cultivated on softs which are of low, medium or high contamination with lead, zinc and cadmium, as they do not exhibit a tendency of accumulating these elements in grains at levels above the maximum permissible concentrations for fodder. The selective accumulation of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in the roots and the possibility to remove the root-remains makes technical sorghum, sugar sorghum and Sudan grass extremely suitable for phytoremediation purposes. The possible use of grains for animal food guarantees the economic expedience upon the selection of these crops.展开更多
Existing optimization methodologies for intersection operations assumes a fixed geometric design, however the geometry and operational system should be simultaneously optimized to produce the best performance. Signali...Existing optimization methodologies for intersection operations assumes a fixed geometric design, however the geometry and operational system should be simultaneously optimized to produce the best performance. Signalized crosswalks are complex and critical pedestrian facilities. Their geometry and configuration directly affect the safety, cycle length and resulting delays for all users. As crosswalks become wider or they are placed further upstream, the cycle length will increase due to the all-red time requirement, which deteriorates the overall mobility levels of signalized intersections. In contrast, when crosswalk width decreases, the required minimum pedestrian crossing time increases due to the bi-directional pedestrian flow effects, which leads to longer cycle length. Furthermore, existing manuals and guidelines do not offer any specification for the required crosswalk width under various pedestrian demand conditions. This study aims to propose new criteria for designing crosswalk width at signalized intersections, which can optimize the performance from the viewpoint of vehicular traffic and pedestrians. The proposed methodology considers pedestrian demand and its characteristics （such as bi-directional flow effects）, vehicle demand and the geometric characteristics of the intersection The concept of optimized crosswalk width is proposed and demonstrated through a case study. Moreover, a comprehensive discussion regarding the merits and drawbacks of existing strategies on positioning crosswalks is presented. It was found that at signalized intersections, which are characterized by low pedestrian and high vehicle demands, crosswalk width of 2 meters is appropriate to minimize cycle length and resulting delays for all users including pedestrians.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.71171046)the Scientific Research Innovation Project for College Graduates in Jiangsu Province(No.CXLX_0162)
文摘In order to investigate more realistic group scheduling problems with position-dependent effects,the model of general position-dependent group scheduling is proposed,where the actual group setup times and actual processing times are described by general functions of the normal group setup time and position in the sequence.These general functions are not assumed to have specific function structures,and are not restricted to be monotone.By mathematical analysis and proof,each considered problem is decomposed into a group scheduling process and a job scheduling process,and each scheduling process is transferred into the classic assignment problem or the classic single-machine sequence problem,and then the computational complexity to solve the considered problem is analyzed.Analysis results show that,even with general position-dependent job processing times,both the single machine makespan minimization group scheduling problems and the parallel-machine total load minimization group scheduling problems remain polynomially solvable.
基金Supported by the National Key Project of Tenth-five Year Plan(2001BA707B)School Foundation Program of Henan Science and Technology University~~
文摘The aim of the research was to discuss the genetic relationships between Piper methysticum, Pepper and other wild species in Pepper genus. DNA was extracted from leaves which belonged to 28 germplasms including 6 materials of P. methysticum, 21 maerials of cultivated and wild Pepper, 1 material of Peperomia pellucida belonged to different genus. Premiers with good band-type and high polymorphism and resolution were selected from 64 pairs of primers for AFLP amplification and the clustering analysis was conducted with MVSP3.13f software. 191 bands were amplified by 4 pairs of premiers, 189 of which had polymorphism, being 98.6%. 28 germplasms were classified into 6 different groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.52 by silver staining AFLP, in which 6 materials of Piper methysticum were clustered into a single group, indicating that P. methysticum belonged to Pepper family of Pepper genus but were distantly related to the others. The research provided the basis for selecting rootstocks for P. methysticum graft, molecular identification of P. methysticum and the fingerprint construction of P. methysticum.
文摘The similarity transformation model between different coordinate systems is not accurate enough to describe the discrepancy of them.Therefore,the coordinate transformation from the coordinate frame with poor accuracy to that with high accuracy cannot guarantee a high precision of transformation.In this paper,a combined method of similarity transformation and regressive approximating is presented.The local error accumulation and distortion are taken into consideration and the precision of coordinate system is improved by using the recommended method
基金Project(2013CB036004)supported by Basic Research Program of ChinaProjects(51378510,41302226)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2016zzts062)supported by Doctorial Innovation Foundation of Central South University,China
文摘The possible collapse of different circumstances is derived with the help of the limit analysis theory.Analytical equations related to collapsing mechanisms in deep tunnel with smooth three-centered arc cross sections are derived on the basis of Hoek-Brown failure criterion and upper bound limit analysis.The pore water pressure is considered in the analysis,as a work rate of external force.Numerical results about the shape of detaching curve and the weight of collapsing block per unit length corresponding to different parameters are obtained with the help of mathematical software.The shapes of collapsing block are drawn with respected to different parameters.Furthermore,the effects of different parameters on the shape of detaching curve and the weight of the collapsing block are discussed.
文摘Background Disturbed circadian rhythm is a potential cause of delirium and is linked to disorganisation of the circadian rhythmicity. Dynamic light （DL） could reset the circadian rhythm by activation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus to prevent delirium. Evidence regarding the effects of light therapy is predominantly focused on psychiatric disorders and circadian rhythm sleep disorders. In this study, we investi- gated the effect of DL on the total hospital length of stay （LOS） and occurrence of delirium in patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit （CCU）. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study. Patients older than 18 years, who were hospitalized longer than 12 h at the CCU and had a total hospital LOS for at least 24 h, were included. Patients were assigned to a room with DL （n = 369） or regular lighting condi- tions （n = 379）. DL was administered at the CCU by two ceiling-mounted light panels delivering light with a colour temperature between 2700 and 6500 degrees Kelvin. Reported outcome data were： total hospital LOS, delirium incidence, consultation of a geriatrician and the amount of prescripted antipsychotics. Results Between May 2015 and May 2016, data from 748 patients were collected. Baseline charac- teristics, including risk factors provoking delirium, were equal in both groups. Median total hospital LOS in the DL group was 100.5 （70.8-186.0） and 101.0 （73.0-176.4） h in the control group （P = 0.935）. The incidence of delirium in the DL and control group was 5.4% （20/369） and 5.0% （19/379）, respectively （P = 0.802）. No significant differences between the DL and control group were observed in secon- dary endpoints. Subgroup analysis based on age and CCU LOS also showed no differences. Conclusion Our study suggests exposure to DL as an early single approach does not result in a reduction of total hospital LOS or reduced incidence of delirium. When delirium was diagnosed, it was associated with poor hospital outcome.
文摘There has been carried out a comparative research, which allow us to determine the quantities and the central points of accumulation ofPb, Cu, Zn and Cd in the vegetative and reproductive organs of the four sorghum varieties （technical sorghtan, sugar sorghum, sudan grass and grain sorghnm）, as well as to ascertain the possibilities for their growth in soils contaminated with heavy metals and their application for phytoremediation purposes. The experimental plots were situated at different distances （0.1 and 15.0 kin） from the source of pollution-the Non-Ferrous Metal Works near Plovdiv, Bulgaria. On reaching commercial ripeness, the crops were gathered and the concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in their different parts-roots, stems, leaves and gains-were determined through dry mineralization. To determine the heavy metal content in the samples, ICP was used. A clearly distinguished trend exists which describes the accumulation of heavy metals within the vegetative and reproductive organs of the studied crops. Sudan grass and technical sorghum accumulated larger heavy metal quantities compared to sugar sorghum and grain sorghum, as the majority of the heavy metals was retained by the roots and a very small amount was translocated to epigeous parts. The depots for accumulation were in the following order： roots 〉 leaves 〉 stems 〉 grains. The studied crops can be related to metal-tolerant crops and can be cultivated on softs which are of low, medium or high contamination with lead, zinc and cadmium, as they do not exhibit a tendency of accumulating these elements in grains at levels above the maximum permissible concentrations for fodder. The selective accumulation of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in the roots and the possibility to remove the root-remains makes technical sorghum, sugar sorghum and Sudan grass extremely suitable for phytoremediation purposes. The possible use of grains for animal food guarantees the economic expedience upon the selection of these crops.
文摘Existing optimization methodologies for intersection operations assumes a fixed geometric design, however the geometry and operational system should be simultaneously optimized to produce the best performance. Signalized crosswalks are complex and critical pedestrian facilities. Their geometry and configuration directly affect the safety, cycle length and resulting delays for all users. As crosswalks become wider or they are placed further upstream, the cycle length will increase due to the all-red time requirement, which deteriorates the overall mobility levels of signalized intersections. In contrast, when crosswalk width decreases, the required minimum pedestrian crossing time increases due to the bi-directional pedestrian flow effects, which leads to longer cycle length. Furthermore, existing manuals and guidelines do not offer any specification for the required crosswalk width under various pedestrian demand conditions. This study aims to propose new criteria for designing crosswalk width at signalized intersections, which can optimize the performance from the viewpoint of vehicular traffic and pedestrians. The proposed methodology considers pedestrian demand and its characteristics （such as bi-directional flow effects）, vehicle demand and the geometric characteristics of the intersection The concept of optimized crosswalk width is proposed and demonstrated through a case study. Moreover, a comprehensive discussion regarding the merits and drawbacks of existing strategies on positioning crosswalks is presented. It was found that at signalized intersections, which are characterized by low pedestrian and high vehicle demands, crosswalk width of 2 meters is appropriate to minimize cycle length and resulting delays for all users including pedestrians.
