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苯并[α]芘对不同修复潜力羊茅属植物的根系分泌物中几种低分子量有机物的影响 被引量:20
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作者 潘声旺 袁馨 +3 位作者 刘灿 李亚阑 杨婷 唐海云 《植物生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2016年第6期604-614,共11页
根系分泌物是植物与土壤间进行物质交换和信息传递的重要载体,是植物响应外界胁迫的重要途径,也是构成根际微生态特征的关键因素。根系分泌物与有机污染物的植物修复密切相关,研究胁迫条件下不同修复潜力植物间根系分泌物的释放特征有... 根系分泌物是植物与土壤间进行物质交换和信息传递的重要载体,是植物响应外界胁迫的重要途径,也是构成根际微生态特征的关键因素。根系分泌物与有机污染物的植物修复密切相关,研究胁迫条件下不同修复潜力植物间根系分泌物的释放特征有助于揭示植物修复的内在机制。该文借助根际袋土培试验研究了苯并[α]芘(Ba P)胁迫下5种羊茅属(Festuca)植物根系不同生长期(30–70天)几种低分子量有机物的分泌特征。结果表明:1)Ba P浓度在10.25–161.74 mg·kg^(–1)范围内时,待试植物能有效地促进土壤中Ba P的去除,其修复潜力依次为苇状羊茅(F.arundinacea)>草原羊茅(F.chelungkiangnica)≥毛稃羊茅(F.rubra subsp.arctica)≥贫芒羊茅(F.sinomutica)>细芒羊茅(F.stapfii)。2)Ba P胁迫增强了植物根系对可溶性糖的分泌:随着胁迫强度的增大、胁迫期的延长,其分泌量变化呈"先升后降"趋势。3)Ba P胁迫促进了植物根系低分子量有机酸的释放,植物的修复潜力越大,有机酸高峰值出现时的胁迫浓度越高;组成成分较稳定,草酸、乙酸、乳酸和苹果酸为主要组分(>97.34%),在修复潜力较强植物的根系分泌物中检测出微量的反丁烯二酸。4)Ba P胁迫对氨基酸种类影响不大,但对分泌量影响较大。其中,苏氨酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸的分泌量随Ba P胁迫强度的增强而剧增;脯氨酸、羟脯氨酸和天冬氨酸近乎以加和效应甚至协同效应的形式参与植物对Ba P胁迫的应激反应:参与应激组分的分泌量随胁迫强度的增强而剧增,植物的修复潜力越强,参与的组分越多。可见Ba P胁迫下,5种羊茅属植物根系分泌物中几种低分子量有机物的释放特征与植物自身的修复潜力有关:修复潜力越强,释放量越多且成分也越复杂,并呈现出较强的环境适应性及生理可塑性。 展开更多
关键词 苯并[α]芘 羊茅属植物 根系分泌物 低分子量有机物 种间差异
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芘胁迫对5种羊茅属植物根系分泌的几类低分子量有机物的影响 被引量:8
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作者 潘声旺 袁馨 +4 位作者 刘灿 李亚阑 杨婷 唐海云 黄方玉 《环境科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2016年第6期2368-2375,共8页
根系分泌物与有机污染物的植物修复过程密切相关,研究胁迫条件下不同修复潜力植物根系分泌物的释放特征有助于揭示植物修复的内在机制.借助根际袋土培试验研究了芘胁迫(10~160 mg·kg^(-1))下5种羊茅属植物在不同胁迫期(30~70d)时... 根系分泌物与有机污染物的植物修复过程密切相关,研究胁迫条件下不同修复潜力植物根系分泌物的释放特征有助于揭示植物修复的内在机制.借助根际袋土培试验研究了芘胁迫(10~160 mg·kg^(-1))下5种羊茅属植物在不同胁迫期(30~70d)时根系分泌物中几种低分子量有机物的释放特征.结果表明:1芘胁迫促进了根系对可溶性糖的分泌:随着胁迫水平的升高、胁迫期的延长,其分泌量呈"先升后降"变化趋势,胁迫水平为C3(40.36 mg·kg^(-1))、胁迫期为40 d时达到最大值;修复潜力越大,趋势越明显.2芘胁迫增强了根系对低分子量有机酸的释放,修复潜力越大,释放高峰值出现时的胁迫浓度越高,且主要以草酸、乙酸、乳酸和苹果酸为主(>98.15%),但修复潜力较强物种的根系分泌物中也检测到微量反丁烯二酸.3芘胁迫对氨基酸的种类影响不大,但对分泌量影响较大:苏氨酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸的分泌量随着胁迫水平的升高而剧增;脯氨酸、羟脯氨酸和天冬氨酸对芘胁迫的响应近乎以功能群的形式参与植物修复过程,参与的组分越多,修复潜力越强.可见,芘胁迫下根系分泌物中可溶性糖、低分子量有机酸以及氨基酸的释放特征与植物自身的修复潜力有关;修复潜力越强,释放量越多且成分越复杂,并表现出更强的环境适应性及生理可塑性. 展开更多
关键词 羊茅属 根系分泌物 低分子量有机物 种间差异
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A New Method for Comparing Hospital and Municipal Wastewater
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作者 Melina Kotti Evangelos Piliouris Athanasios Vlessidis 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A)》 2013年第3期141-146,共6页
The objective of this study is to investigate the differences in organic compounds that are present in hospital and municipal wastewater samples. Two samples with the same COD (chemical oxygen demand) values were ch... The objective of this study is to investigate the differences in organic compounds that are present in hospital and municipal wastewater samples. Two samples with the same COD (chemical oxygen demand) values were chosen for this study. The results have shown that both samples consist of the same compounds with low molecular weights and high polarities in high concentrations. The hospital wastewater consisted of more compounds arithmetically. Differences were found in the organic compound with low molecular weight and low polarities. Pharmaceutical compounds such as caffeine, acetanilide and phenacetin were detected only in the hospital wastewater. 展开更多
关键词 DIALYSIS hospital wastewater high performance liquid chromatography molecular weight municipal wastewater polarity wastewater treatment.
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Prediction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bioaccessibility to Earthworms in Spiked Soils by Composite Extraction with Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin and Organic Acids 被引量:2
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作者 ZHANG Yanan YANG Xinglun +6 位作者 GU Chenggang BIAN Yongrong LIU Zongtang JIA Mingyun WANG Fang WANG Daizhang JIANG Xin 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第3期502-510,共9页
Traditional exhaustive extraction methods often overestimate the risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) bioaccessibility to biota. Therefore, reliable assessment methods need to be established. In this study, a ... Traditional exhaustive extraction methods often overestimate the risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) bioaccessibility to biota. Therefore, reliable assessment methods need to be established. In this study, a composite extraction with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HPCD) and three low-molecular-weight organic acids, oxalic acid(OA), malic acid(MA), and citric acid(CA), was used to predict the PAH bioaccessibility to earthworms, subjecting to two soils(red soil and yellow soil) spiked with selected PAHs,phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, and benzo(a)pyrene. For both soils,concentrations of PAHs by composite extraction using HPCD-OA(R^2= 0.89–0.92, slope = 1.89–2.03; n = 35), HPCD-MA(R^2=0.92–0.96, slope = 1.43–1.67; n = 35), and HPCD-CA(R^2= 0.92–0.96, slope = 1.26–1.56; n = 35) were significantly correlated with PAH accumulation in the Eisenia fetida earthworms. Moreover, the HPCD-CA-and HPCD-MA-extracted PAH concentrations were closer to the earthworm-accumulated PAH concentration than the extraction using just HPCD. The results indicated that the composite extraction could improve the prediction of PAH bioaccessibility, and therefore can serve as a reliable chemical method to predict PAH bioaccessibility to earthworms in contaminated soils. 展开更多
关键词 chemical extraction citric acid earthworm accumulation low-molecular-weight organic acid malic acid
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