低氧预适应是通过亚致死的低氧处理后,激活体内小分子内源性保护机制,让机体对接下来的更严重或致死性低氧刺激产生耐受/抗性。神经细胞是一种能接收和传导兴奋的细胞,对氧含量的变化十分敏感,其能量代谢随氧气变化较为显著。在低氧环境...低氧预适应是通过亚致死的低氧处理后,激活体内小分子内源性保护机制,让机体对接下来的更严重或致死性低氧刺激产生耐受/抗性。神经细胞是一种能接收和传导兴奋的细胞,对氧含量的变化十分敏感,其能量代谢随氧气变化较为显著。在低氧环境下,神经细胞的腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(adenosinetriphosphate,ATP)合成减少可激活AMP激活的蛋白激酶[adenosine5’-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase,AMPK]和TSC1/TSC2复合体抑制哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)。mTOR的一个复合物mTOR复合体1(mTORC1)的表达对机体的能量代谢产生影响。低氧预适应,通过激活或抑制一些基因表达让神经细胞有效利用氧气,使机体产生低氧耐受。在氧浓度低的生存环境下,通过低氧预适应调节能量变化增加机体存活的可能性。高原、航空航天事业、水下作业以及病理性的低氧时,低氧预适应诱导相关分子变化可防止对氧有大量需求的脑组织发生病变,增加神经细胞的存活时间,减少死亡。展开更多
A concept of tissue adaptation to hypoxia(i.e. hypoxic preconditioning) was developed and its corresponding animal models were reproduced in 1966s. The methods of model reproduction in rat,rabbit,and mouse in particul...A concept of tissue adaptation to hypoxia(i.e. hypoxic preconditioning) was developed and its corresponding animal models were reproduced in 1966s. The methods of model reproduction in rat,rabbit,and mouse in particular and the main results are brifly introduced in this review. The tolerance to hypoxia of preconditioned animals is significantly increased. Regular changes in animals’ behavior,neurophysiology,respiratory and circulatory physiology,neuromorphology in vivo and function of brain and spinal cord in vitro are briefly demonstrated.The protective effects in vivo and in vitro of homogenate extract taken from the brain of preconditioned animals,neurochemcals and molecular neurobiological alterations are briefly presented. The essence and significance of tissue adaption to hypoxia/hypoxic preconditioning are discussed in the review in terms of evolution and practical implication.展开更多
目的探讨低氧预适应(HPC)对脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)所致脑缺血性损伤的影响及其可能机制。方法借助已建小鼠整体HPC和脑MCAO模型,应用2,3,5氯-化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色、神经行为学评分、SDS-PAGE和W estern b lot等技术方法,观察脑梗死面...目的探讨低氧预适应(HPC)对脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)所致脑缺血性损伤的影响及其可能机制。方法借助已建小鼠整体HPC和脑MCAO模型,应用2,3,5氯-化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色、神经行为学评分、SDS-PAGE和W estern b lot等技术方法,观察脑梗死面积、水肿率、行为学,以及脑梗死核心和半影区新奇型蛋白激酶C(nPKC)膜转位的变化。结果MCAO可诱发小鼠脑皮层、海马和丘脑(由于发生率很低,数据未统计)等3种典型缺血模式;在皮层缺血模式中,HPC明显减小脑梗死面积(P<0.05,n=12)、缺血区吸光度值(P<0.05,n=12)和水肿率(P<0.05,n=12);而在海马缺血模式上,HPC只明显降低海马梗死区吸光度值(P<0.05,n=12);HPC可在一定程度上缓解MCAO小鼠的行为学改变;此外,HPC可缓解MCAO所致皮层缺血半影区nPKC膜转位水平的降低。结论HPC降低MCAO所致脑缺血性损伤,且nPKC可能参与了这种保护作用。展开更多
文摘低氧预适应是通过亚致死的低氧处理后,激活体内小分子内源性保护机制,让机体对接下来的更严重或致死性低氧刺激产生耐受/抗性。神经细胞是一种能接收和传导兴奋的细胞,对氧含量的变化十分敏感,其能量代谢随氧气变化较为显著。在低氧环境下,神经细胞的腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(adenosinetriphosphate,ATP)合成减少可激活AMP激活的蛋白激酶[adenosine5’-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase,AMPK]和TSC1/TSC2复合体抑制哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)。mTOR的一个复合物mTOR复合体1(mTORC1)的表达对机体的能量代谢产生影响。低氧预适应,通过激活或抑制一些基因表达让神经细胞有效利用氧气,使机体产生低氧耐受。在氧浓度低的生存环境下,通过低氧预适应调节能量变化增加机体存活的可能性。高原、航空航天事业、水下作业以及病理性的低氧时,低氧预适应诱导相关分子变化可防止对氧有大量需求的脑组织发生病变,增加神经细胞的存活时间,减少死亡。
文摘A concept of tissue adaptation to hypoxia(i.e. hypoxic preconditioning) was developed and its corresponding animal models were reproduced in 1966s. The methods of model reproduction in rat,rabbit,and mouse in particular and the main results are brifly introduced in this review. The tolerance to hypoxia of preconditioned animals is significantly increased. Regular changes in animals’ behavior,neurophysiology,respiratory and circulatory physiology,neuromorphology in vivo and function of brain and spinal cord in vitro are briefly demonstrated.The protective effects in vivo and in vitro of homogenate extract taken from the brain of preconditioned animals,neurochemcals and molecular neurobiological alterations are briefly presented. The essence and significance of tissue adaption to hypoxia/hypoxic preconditioning are discussed in the review in terms of evolution and practical implication.
文摘目的探讨低氧预适应(HPC)对脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)所致脑缺血性损伤的影响及其可能机制。方法借助已建小鼠整体HPC和脑MCAO模型,应用2,3,5氯-化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色、神经行为学评分、SDS-PAGE和W estern b lot等技术方法,观察脑梗死面积、水肿率、行为学,以及脑梗死核心和半影区新奇型蛋白激酶C(nPKC)膜转位的变化。结果MCAO可诱发小鼠脑皮层、海马和丘脑(由于发生率很低,数据未统计)等3种典型缺血模式;在皮层缺血模式中,HPC明显减小脑梗死面积(P<0.05,n=12)、缺血区吸光度值(P<0.05,n=12)和水肿率(P<0.05,n=12);而在海马缺血模式上,HPC只明显降低海马梗死区吸光度值(P<0.05,n=12);HPC可在一定程度上缓解MCAO小鼠的行为学改变;此外,HPC可缓解MCAO所致皮层缺血半影区nPKC膜转位水平的降低。结论HPC降低MCAO所致脑缺血性损伤,且nPKC可能参与了这种保护作用。
