围手术期FiO2与患者术后手术部位感染(surgical site infection,SSI)、术后肺部并发症(postoperative pulmonary complications,PPCs)息息相关,当前研究结论之间存在较大争议。文章就高浓度吸氧和低浓度吸氧对患者术后SSI、PPCs的影响...围手术期FiO2与患者术后手术部位感染(surgical site infection,SSI)、术后肺部并发症(postoperative pulmonary complications,PPCs)息息相关,当前研究结论之间存在较大争议。文章就高浓度吸氧和低浓度吸氧对患者术后SSI、PPCs的影响进行综述,介绍近年来相关国内外研究进展。在肺保护性通气策略理念广为接受的时期,须进一步研究明确围手术期FiO2在肺保护中的作用,以期改善患者预后,促进患者早期康复。展开更多
Catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO) is the most efficient way to purify indoor air of HCHO pollutant. This work investigated rare earth La‐doped Pt/TiO2 for low concentration HCHO oxidation at room temperature...Catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO) is the most efficient way to purify indoor air of HCHO pollutant. This work investigated rare earth La‐doped Pt/TiO2 for low concentration HCHO oxidation at room temperature. La‐doped Pt/TiO2 had a dramatically promoted catalytic performance for HCHO oxidation. The reasons for the La promotion effect were investigated by N2 adsorption, X‐raydiffraction, CO chemisorption, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and high‐angle annular dark field scanning TEM. The Pt nanoparticle size was reduced to 1.7nm from 2.2 nm after modification by La, which led to higher Pt dispersion, more exposed activesites and enhanced metal‐support interaction. Thus a superior activity for indoor low concentrationHCHO oxidation was obtained. Moreover, the La‐doped TiO2 can be wash‐coated on a cordieritemonolith so that very low amounts of Pt (0.01 wt%) can be used. The catalyst was evaluated in asimulated indoor HCHO elimination environment and displayed high purifying efficiency and stability.It can be potentially used as a commercial catalyst for indoor HCHO elimination.展开更多
NOx can cause severe environmental problems such as acid rain and photochemical smog,endangering human health and the living environment.Among them,NO pollution accounts for about 95%.NO can exist stably in the air fo...NOx can cause severe environmental problems such as acid rain and photochemical smog,endangering human health and the living environment.Among them,NO pollution accounts for about 95%.NO can exist stably in the air for a long time when the concentration is lower than the ppm level.Therefore,the conversion of low concentration of NO has attracted more and more attention.However,traditional physical or chemical methods are difficult to deal with low concentration of NO,having high requirements on equipment and being not cost‐effective.Semiconductor photocatalytic technology can convert low concentration of NO into non‐toxic products and reduce its harm.This work briefly surveys the commonly used materials,modification methods,and mechanisms for semiconductor photocatalytic conversion of low concentration of NO.In addition,the challenges and prospects of ppb level of NO treatment are also discussed,aiming to promote the development of semiconductor photocatalytic conversion of NO.展开更多
The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))has been attracting increasingly research interest in the past decade,with the ultimate goal of utilizing electricity from renewable energy to realize carbon neu...The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))has been attracting increasingly research interest in the past decade,with the ultimate goal of utilizing electricity from renewable energy to realize carbon neutrality,as well as economic and energy benefits.Nonetheless,the capture and concentrating of CO_(2) cost a substantial portion of energy,while almost all the reported researches showed CO_(2) electroreduction under high concentrations of(typically pure)CO_(2) reactants,and only very few recent studies have investigated the capability of applying low CO_(2) concentrations(such as~10%in flue gases).In this work,we first demonstrated the electroreduction of 0.03%CO_(2)(in helium)in a homemade gas‐phase electrochemical electrolyzer,using a low‐cost copper(Cu)or nanoscale copper(nano‐Cu)catalyst.Mixed with steam,the gas‐phase CO_(2) was directly delivered onto the gas‐solid interface with the Cu catalyst and reduced to CO,without the need/constraint of being adsorbed by aqueous solution or alkaline electrolytes.By tuning the catalyst and experi‐mental parameters,the conversion efficiency of CO_(2) reached as high as~95%.Furthermore,we demonstrated the direct electroreduction of 0.04%CO_(2) from real air sample with an optimized conversion efficiency of~79%,suggesting a promising perspective of the electroreduction ap‐proach toward direct CO_(2) conversion.展开更多
In this study, Al/TiO2/Al2O3/p-Si was fabricated as a gas sensor. TiO2 and Al2O3 were grown by Atomic Layer Deposition method. The prepared film was tested in various gas concentrations at different operating temperat...In this study, Al/TiO2/Al2O3/p-Si was fabricated as a gas sensor. TiO2 and Al2O3 were grown by Atomic Layer Deposition method. The prepared film was tested in various gas concentrations at different operating temperatures ranging between 27 ℃ to 177 ℃. The sensitivity increases with increasing gas concentration and operating temperature which have a direct effect on sensing surface. The gas sensing mechanism could be explained with the surface controlled type based on the change of the electrical conductance of the semiconducting material. This mechanism is controlled by CO molecules and the amount of chemisorbed oxygen on the surface which is associated with temperature. Sample exhibits the basic parameters for gas sensors applications which are good stability, reproducibility and high sensitivity to CO gas which are. In addition, the response and recovery times are measured 19 and 26 s, respectively.展开更多
The solid solution （CeZr）02 catalyst was synthesized, and it was modified with metal oxides by incipient impreg- nation. Morphology and structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron micros...The solid solution （CeZr）02 catalyst was synthesized, and it was modified with metal oxides by incipient impreg- nation. Morphology and structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, ni- trogen ad/desorption and H2-temperature program reduction techniques. The catalytic properties of methane oxidation were also investigated. The results showed that solid solution possessed a mesoporous structure and exhibited excellent catalytic performance. The activity of solid solution was improved effectively by nickel dop- ing, and the optimal loading is 15 wt%. The stability of （CeZr）02 and modified （CeZr）02 indicated that the struc- ture of pristine solid solution played a key role in promoting molecules diffusion and spatial confining oxide particle sintering.展开更多
文摘围手术期FiO2与患者术后手术部位感染(surgical site infection,SSI)、术后肺部并发症(postoperative pulmonary complications,PPCs)息息相关,当前研究结论之间存在较大争议。文章就高浓度吸氧和低浓度吸氧对患者术后SSI、PPCs的影响进行综述,介绍近年来相关国内外研究进展。在肺保护性通气策略理念广为接受的时期,须进一步研究明确围手术期FiO2在肺保护中的作用,以期改善患者预后,促进患者早期康复。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFC0205900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21503106, 21567016)+1 种基金the Education Department of Jiangxi Province (KJLD14005)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20142BAB213013 and 20151BBE50006)~~
文摘Catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO) is the most efficient way to purify indoor air of HCHO pollutant. This work investigated rare earth La‐doped Pt/TiO2 for low concentration HCHO oxidation at room temperature. La‐doped Pt/TiO2 had a dramatically promoted catalytic performance for HCHO oxidation. The reasons for the La promotion effect were investigated by N2 adsorption, X‐raydiffraction, CO chemisorption, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and high‐angle annular dark field scanning TEM. The Pt nanoparticle size was reduced to 1.7nm from 2.2 nm after modification by La, which led to higher Pt dispersion, more exposed activesites and enhanced metal‐support interaction. Thus a superior activity for indoor low concentrationHCHO oxidation was obtained. Moreover, the La‐doped TiO2 can be wash‐coated on a cordieritemonolith so that very low amounts of Pt (0.01 wt%) can be used. The catalyst was evaluated in asimulated indoor HCHO elimination environment and displayed high purifying efficiency and stability.It can be potentially used as a commercial catalyst for indoor HCHO elimination.
文摘NOx can cause severe environmental problems such as acid rain and photochemical smog,endangering human health and the living environment.Among them,NO pollution accounts for about 95%.NO can exist stably in the air for a long time when the concentration is lower than the ppm level.Therefore,the conversion of low concentration of NO has attracted more and more attention.However,traditional physical or chemical methods are difficult to deal with low concentration of NO,having high requirements on equipment and being not cost‐effective.Semiconductor photocatalytic technology can convert low concentration of NO into non‐toxic products and reduce its harm.This work briefly surveys the commonly used materials,modification methods,and mechanisms for semiconductor photocatalytic conversion of low concentration of NO.In addition,the challenges and prospects of ppb level of NO treatment are also discussed,aiming to promote the development of semiconductor photocatalytic conversion of NO.
文摘The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))has been attracting increasingly research interest in the past decade,with the ultimate goal of utilizing electricity from renewable energy to realize carbon neutrality,as well as economic and energy benefits.Nonetheless,the capture and concentrating of CO_(2) cost a substantial portion of energy,while almost all the reported researches showed CO_(2) electroreduction under high concentrations of(typically pure)CO_(2) reactants,and only very few recent studies have investigated the capability of applying low CO_(2) concentrations(such as~10%in flue gases).In this work,we first demonstrated the electroreduction of 0.03%CO_(2)(in helium)in a homemade gas‐phase electrochemical electrolyzer,using a low‐cost copper(Cu)or nanoscale copper(nano‐Cu)catalyst.Mixed with steam,the gas‐phase CO_(2) was directly delivered onto the gas‐solid interface with the Cu catalyst and reduced to CO,without the need/constraint of being adsorbed by aqueous solution or alkaline electrolytes.By tuning the catalyst and experi‐mental parameters,the conversion efficiency of CO_(2) reached as high as~95%.Furthermore,we demonstrated the direct electroreduction of 0.04%CO_(2) from real air sample with an optimized conversion efficiency of~79%,suggesting a promising perspective of the electroreduction ap‐proach toward direct CO_(2) conversion.
文摘In this study, Al/TiO2/Al2O3/p-Si was fabricated as a gas sensor. TiO2 and Al2O3 were grown by Atomic Layer Deposition method. The prepared film was tested in various gas concentrations at different operating temperatures ranging between 27 ℃ to 177 ℃. The sensitivity increases with increasing gas concentration and operating temperature which have a direct effect on sensing surface. The gas sensing mechanism could be explained with the surface controlled type based on the change of the electrical conductance of the semiconducting material. This mechanism is controlled by CO molecules and the amount of chemisorbed oxygen on the surface which is associated with temperature. Sample exhibits the basic parameters for gas sensors applications which are good stability, reproducibility and high sensitivity to CO gas which are. In addition, the response and recovery times are measured 19 and 26 s, respectively.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21136007 and51572185)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(2014011016-4)the Coal-Based Key Scientific and Technological Project of Shanxi Province(MQ2014-10)
文摘The solid solution （CeZr）02 catalyst was synthesized, and it was modified with metal oxides by incipient impreg- nation. Morphology and structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, ni- trogen ad/desorption and H2-temperature program reduction techniques. The catalytic properties of methane oxidation were also investigated. The results showed that solid solution possessed a mesoporous structure and exhibited excellent catalytic performance. The activity of solid solution was improved effectively by nickel dop- ing, and the optimal loading is 15 wt%. The stability of （CeZr）02 and modified （CeZr）02 indicated that the struc- ture of pristine solid solution played a key role in promoting molecules diffusion and spatial confining oxide particle sintering.
