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注低矿化度水增加采油量——测-注-测测试
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作者 金佩强 《中外科技情报》 2004年第33期514-526,共13页
许多室内岩心驱替研究说明,与注海水或高矿化度采出水相比,注低矿化度水增加了采油量。认为增加采油量的原因是有效地改变了润湿性以及控制了粘土成分的变化。本文描述了测.注.测测试,进行这一测试的目的是确定在储层的近井区域内... 许多室内岩心驱替研究说明,与注海水或高矿化度采出水相比,注低矿化度水增加了采油量。认为增加采油量的原因是有效地改变了润湿性以及控制了粘土成分的变化。本文描述了测.注.测测试,进行这一测试的目的是确定在储层的近井区域内是否能够观测到这一现象。精心设计并且实施了这一测.注.测测试,以便保证使流量保持低流速,使窜流减小到最低程度。 展开更多
关键词 采油量 测-注-测测试 饱和度 剩余油 低矿化度盐水 质普法 注水开发
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Effects of Ionic Concentrations on Survival and Growth in Polyculture of Litopenaeus vannamei with Oreochromis niloticus in Low Salinity Water
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作者 K. Limhang C. Limsuwan +1 位作者 N. Chuchird W. Taparhudee 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2011年第8期1217-1220,共4页
A study comparative of rearing of the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in three earthen ponds (5,600 m^2) with the salinity ranged from 0.5-1.2 ppt and th... A study comparative of rearing of the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in three earthen ponds (5,600 m^2) with the salinity ranged from 0.5-1.2 ppt and three treatment ponds with salinity of 2-4 ppt by adding brine water into the ponds. Postlarvae 12 (PL12) of L. vannamei were stocked at density of 9 PL/m^2 and after one week the Nile tilapia fingerlings were stocked at density of I fish/m^2. Only pelleted feed were given to the fish during the 196-day rearing period. Shrimps were partially harvested by sieve net at day 80 and 120, and five days later PLI2 were stocked at the rate of 3 PL/m^2. After final harvesting at day 196, the production, body weight and survival from the treatment group were significantly higher (P 〈 0.05) than those of the control group. While the fish production body weight and survival rate from both groups were not significant differences (P 〉 0.051). The ionic concentration of six major ions (CI, SO42, Ca^2+, Na^+, Mg^2+ and K^+), salinity and hardness in the treatment ponds were significantly higher than those of the control ponds (P 〈 0.05). Moreover, the ionic profiles of the treatment ponds were similar to seawater at the salinity of 2 ppt while only 1 ppt in the control ponds. Results from the study indicated that in order to achieve good growth and survival rate of L. vannamei, brine water should be added into grow-out ponds prior to stocking and during the rearing: period to obtain and maintain the salinity not less than 2 ppt. 展开更多
关键词 Litopenaeus vannamei Oreochromis niloticus POLYCULTURE ionic concentration low salinity water
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LoSal^(TM)提高采收率:油藏规模提高采收率的依据
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作者 吴永超 张华珍 《国外油田工程》 2010年第9期11-14,共4页
从岩心驱替、单井测试和测-注-测试验中得到的数据表明:在许多实例中,向油藏中注入低矿化度水可以大幅度提高原油采收率。根据油藏特征和矿化水组分的不同,水驱效率可以提高2%~40%。2005年,在阿拉斯加油田进行了先导试验,生产数据和产... 从岩心驱替、单井测试和测-注-测试验中得到的数据表明:在许多实例中,向油藏中注入低矿化度水可以大幅度提高原油采收率。根据油藏特征和矿化水组分的不同,水驱效率可以提高2%~40%。2005年,在阿拉斯加油田进行了先导试验,生产数据和产出水化学成分的详细分析证实了原油产量的增加,并为低矿化度水驱(LoSalTM)在井间规模的有效性提供了直接的现场证据。此外,通过单井化学示踪测试,确认了油藏对低矿化度水注入的响应。实验室研究揭示了LoSalTM的机理是吸附在原油组分、地下矿化水和黏土矿物表面的阳离子之间的多组分离子交换。油藏数值模拟得到了非常好的拟合结果,为预测大规模LoSalTM的结果提供了基础。 展开更多
关键词 水驱 低矿化度盐水 提高采收率
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