1-Decene was oligomerized over the supported AlCl3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of temperature and LHSV on oligomerization of 1-decene were investigated and the synthetic PAO was characterized...1-Decene was oligomerized over the supported AlCl3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of temperature and LHSV on oligomerization of 1-decene were investigated and the synthetic PAO was characterized with GC technique. Furthermore, the life of immobilized catalyst was tested and the mechanism of catalyst deactivation was discussed. The results showed that with an increasing temperature, the PAO yield increased and the kinematic viscosity of oil decreased. The GC results indicated that the synthesized PAO was a mixture consisting of dimers, trimers, tetramers and pentamers. The results of chloride content measurements and BET tests showed that catalyst deactivation could be mainly attributed to the loss of active components.展开更多
AIM: To examine genetic variation of nucleotide oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1 ) and NOD2 ,their respective influences on Crohn's disease phenotype and gene-gene interactions. METHODS: (ND1+326561 ) NOD1 polymorph...AIM: To examine genetic variation of nucleotide oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1 ) and NOD2 ,their respective influences on Crohn's disease phenotype and gene-gene interactions. METHODS: (ND1+326561 ) NOD1 polymorphism and SNP8,SNP12 and SNP13 of NOD2 were analyzed in 97 patients and 50 controls. NOD2 variants were determined by reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. NOD1 genotyping and NOD2 variant confirmation were performed by specific amplification and sequencing. RESULTS: The distribution of NOD1 polymorphism in patients was different from controls (P = 0.045) and not altered by existence of NOD2 mutations. In this cohort,30.92% patients and 6% controls carried at least one NOD2 variant (P < 0.001) with R702W being the most frequent variant. Presence of at least one NOD2 mutation was inversely associated with colon involvement (9.09% with colon vs 36.4% with ileal or ileocolonic involvement,P = 0.04) and indicative of risk of penetrating disease (52.63% with penetrating vs 25.64% with non-penetrating or stricturing behavior,P = 0.02). L1007finsC and double NOD2 mutation conferred the highest risk for severity of disease (26.3% with penetrating disease vs 3.8% with non-penetrating or stricturing behavior presented L1007finsC,P = 0.01 and 21.0% with penetrating disease vs 2.5% with non-penentrating or stricturing behavior carried double NOD2 mutation,P = 0.007). Exclusion of patients with NOD2 mutations from phenotype/NOD1 -genotype analysis revealed higher prevalence of 11 genotype in groups of younger age at onset and colonic location. CONCLUSION: This study suggests population differences in the inheritance of risk NOD1 polymorphism and NOD2 mutations. Although no interaction between NOD1 -NOD2 was noticed,a relationship between disease location and Nod-like receptor molecules was established.展开更多
基金upported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20976077,21076100)National Key Basic Research Program of China(973)(2007CB216403)+1 种基金China National Petroleum Corporation(10-01A-01-01-01)Innovation Team of Liaoning Province Colleges,China~~
基金the SINOPEC Corporation for the financial support
文摘1-Decene was oligomerized over the supported AlCl3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of temperature and LHSV on oligomerization of 1-decene were investigated and the synthetic PAO was characterized with GC technique. Furthermore, the life of immobilized catalyst was tested and the mechanism of catalyst deactivation was discussed. The results showed that with an increasing temperature, the PAO yield increased and the kinematic viscosity of oil decreased. The GC results indicated that the synthesized PAO was a mixture consisting of dimers, trimers, tetramers and pentamers. The results of chloride content measurements and BET tests showed that catalyst deactivation could be mainly attributed to the loss of active components.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China （39925018, 90508002 , 30121001） Chinese Academy of Science （KSCX 1-R65 and RSCX2-H10）+2 种基金 National Basic Research Program of China （973 project, 2002CB713700） American Cancer Society （RPG-99-173-01） a Gcc Breast Cancer Research award and National Institutes of Health grants DK56292 and CA89019 to XY （a GCC Eminent Scholar） and NS36194 （JW）.
基金Supported by a grant of Ministerio Educacion y Ciencia (BFU 2006-15063)E.C.is participant of the Program "Contratos de apoyo a la Investigacion del Sistema Nacional de Salud". S.V. was supported by "Fondo Investigaciones Sanitarias" and participant of the Program for Stabilization of Investigators of "Direccio d’ Estrategia i Coordinacio del Departament Salut de la Generalitat de Catalunya"
文摘AIM: To examine genetic variation of nucleotide oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1 ) and NOD2 ,their respective influences on Crohn's disease phenotype and gene-gene interactions. METHODS: (ND1+326561 ) NOD1 polymorphism and SNP8,SNP12 and SNP13 of NOD2 were analyzed in 97 patients and 50 controls. NOD2 variants were determined by reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. NOD1 genotyping and NOD2 variant confirmation were performed by specific amplification and sequencing. RESULTS: The distribution of NOD1 polymorphism in patients was different from controls (P = 0.045) and not altered by existence of NOD2 mutations. In this cohort,30.92% patients and 6% controls carried at least one NOD2 variant (P < 0.001) with R702W being the most frequent variant. Presence of at least one NOD2 mutation was inversely associated with colon involvement (9.09% with colon vs 36.4% with ileal or ileocolonic involvement,P = 0.04) and indicative of risk of penetrating disease (52.63% with penetrating vs 25.64% with non-penetrating or stricturing behavior,P = 0.02). L1007finsC and double NOD2 mutation conferred the highest risk for severity of disease (26.3% with penetrating disease vs 3.8% with non-penetrating or stricturing behavior presented L1007finsC,P = 0.01 and 21.0% with penetrating disease vs 2.5% with non-penentrating or stricturing behavior carried double NOD2 mutation,P = 0.007). Exclusion of patients with NOD2 mutations from phenotype/NOD1 -genotype analysis revealed higher prevalence of 11 genotype in groups of younger age at onset and colonic location. CONCLUSION: This study suggests population differences in the inheritance of risk NOD1 polymorphism and NOD2 mutations. Although no interaction between NOD1 -NOD2 was noticed,a relationship between disease location and Nod-like receptor molecules was established.
